Don't fall for these marketing tactics this holiday season

We're surrounded by ads and sales pitches — in our inboxes, on our phones and when we walk down the street. And everyone loves a good deal, but what actually constitutes a deal? How do you know you're getting the best price or that what you're purchasing is of good quality? In this episode, we offer tips to help you make purchases you're happy with this holiday season. Follow us on Instagram: @nprlifekit https://www.instagram.com/nprlifekit/?hl=enSign up for our newsletter here. https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit Have an episode idea or feedback you want to share? Email us at [email protected] mailto:[email protected] Support the show and listen to it sponsor-free by signing up for Life Kit+ at plus.npr.org/lifekit http://plus.npr.org/lifekit See pcm.adswizz.com https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for sponsorship and to manage your podcast sponsorship preferences. NPR Privacy Policy https://www.npr.org/about-npr/179878450/privacy-policy

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:00Speaker 00

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• 0:17Marielle Segarra?

  You're listening to Life Kit from NPR.

• 0:25Marielle Segarra?

  Hey, it's Marielle. You know what I like to do as a fun holiday season activity? Open the Promotions tab on my email. I did this recently with Brian Vines. He's a reporter at Consumer Reports, a nonprofit that does product testing, consumer research, and journalism.

• 0:41Speaker 02

  Is it scary in there?

• 0:42Marielle Segarra?

  It's so scary. Before I even started reading the subject lines of the many marketing emails that I apparently signed up for, he was like, oh, I know what they're going to say.

• 0:52Speaker 02

  Well, they say, buy now, extra 20% off, factory sale.

• 0:58Marielle Segarra?

  Last chance.

• 0:59Speaker 02

  Last chance, last chance.

• 1:00Marielle Segarra?

  Last chance, lies.

• 1:02Speaker 02

  Leave the last chance to Donna Summer. There's never been a last chance since Donna Summer recorded that record.

• 1:09Marielle Segarra?

  Here's another one. Your exclusive 20% off starts now. Exclusive to me because I'm special.

• 1:16Speaker 02

  Well, it starts right now.

• 1:17Marielle Segarra?

  And it starts now.

• 1:20Marielle Segarra?

  I think my favorite was PSA, our 72-hour clear out is on. PSA, Public Service Announcement, as Brian pointed out.

• 1:30Speaker 02

  Service to whom and what?

• 1:32Marielle Segarra?

  I like this as an exercise because the ads are all concentrated in one place. But we all know you don't have to wade through your emails to be the target of a sales pitch, especially not this time of year. Just walk or ride down the street. Turn on your phone or your TV. Open up your browser. They're everywhere. They being marketers and retailers. They see you when you're sleeping, they know when you're awake, et cetera, et cetera. And look, I'm not telling you to lock your wallet and your phone in a safe this holiday season and to spend zero money, but I would like for you to make purchases that you're happy with and that keep the most money in your pocket or your bank account as possible. So on this episode of Life Kit, we've got your guide to getting a deal this holiday season.

• 2:16Marielle Segarra?

  We'll talk about the techniques that marketers use to grab our attention and how you can insulate yourself against them and make sure that if you think you're getting a deal, you actually are.

• 2:30Speaker 00

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• 2:34Speaker 03

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• 2:53Speaker 00

  This message comes from Charles Schwab with their original podcast, Choiceology. Choiceology is a show about the psychology and economics behind people's decisions. Download the latest episode and subscribe at schwab.com/podcast.

• 3:08Speaker 04

  This week on the NPR Politics Podcast, the midterm elections are wrapping up and millions of people have already voted. We're taking one final check of the electoral pulse with a new NPR PBS News Marist Poll. It shows Democrats still poised to make gains, but also with some warning signs for just how many. We'll explain on the NPR Politics Podcast.

• 3:33Marielle Segarra?

  So, buy now, last chance.

• 3:36Speaker 02

  Rush, rush, rush. All of these are action words that propel you towards putting things into carts that you might not have use for.

• 3:45Marielle Segarra?

  We see this in the language that retailers use and also in the way they structure sales. Brian says, think about Amazon lightning deals, for instance. To him, they feel like the old blue light specials at Kmart.

• 3:57Speaker 02

  Where, hey, attention Kmart shoppers, if you're in aisle three right now, you can get this item for 20% less. I'm aging myself. But this is what the flash deal promises. It's like, at this moment, you get there, you put it in your cart and you go, or it's going to evaporate.

• 4:13Marielle Segarra?

  He says retailers love it when you feel that urgency. They don't want you to think too hard about the purchase. Lindsay Weeks is the editor in chief at Brad's Deals, a free website and app that curates coupons and deals from online retailers. And she says retailers are relying on your fear of missing out.

• 4:32Speaker 05

  And so it's trying to get us to say, if you don't purchase this right now, you'll never get this deal again. And so you're like, oh, my gosh, I've got to get that deal.

• 4:40Marielle Segarra?

  So takeaway one, anytime you're shopping or browsing, or you didn't even think you were shopping, but now you're considering a purchase, ask yourself, "Am I feeling a sense of urgency right now? And is there actually any urgency? What would happen if I waited?"

• 4:56Speaker 02

  Don't fall for that false sense that you're gonna miss out, because they make things 24 hours a day, and you will not miss the boat.

• 5:06Marielle Segarra?

  Lindsay says, "Maybe take a day. Say, 'I'm gonna sleep on this.'"

• 5:10Speaker 05

  Or, "Anything over $50 or $100. I'm gonna take 24 hours before I make my decision." That will also tell you if it's that fear of missing out on a deal, or the deal that's really causing you to want to purchase.

• 5:25Marielle Segarra?

  Linda Myers in California, who emailed us in response to a call-out on this topic, takes this idea even further. She sent us this voice memo.

• 5:34Speaker 06

  If there's something I want, and it costs more than $20, I don't buy it immediately. I'll wait a few hours. And then I check to be sure if I can return it. If I have to pay to return it, I think carefully about whether it's worth it to me to take that chance. And then I consider the shipping charges, if there are any. And then if I'm still interested after all that, I'll probably buy it.

• 5:59Marielle Segarra?

  Linda, a shopping queen. Okay, so while you pause, you want to ask yourself some questions. Do I need this thing? Do I actually want this thing? If it's a gift, do I actually think the recipient will want this thing? If the answer to those questions is no, then this is not a deal. Do not buy it. If you're shopping online, one thing you could try is putting the item in your cart and then waiting.

• 6:26Speaker 02

  And sometimes you'll often get from assorted retailers, "Oh, we see you've been eyeing this, or it's in your cart. That thing is now 15% off."

• 6:36Marielle Segarra?

  And at that point, if you do want the item, you can decide if the price is a deal for you. Speaking of price, another strategy retailers love is called price anchoring. I like to call it, "Hey, don't look at that. Look over here." Price anchoring is when a retailer uses a comparison price, the anchor, to make you think the product is higher value and make you want it more.

• 6:58Speaker 05

  So, for example, you have a pair of sneakers. It says, "Originally $200, marked down to $100. On sale now for $20." That $200 is what we call a price anchor, and it basically makes people fixate on that price versus fixating on the sale price.

• 7:15Marielle Segarra?

  But Lindsay says a lot of the time, that original price was never the original price, or it hasn't been the price for a long time.

• 7:23Speaker 05

  It's just something that stores will use to say, "Oh, look at what a big discount you're getting."

• 7:28Marielle Segarra?

  Another pricing strategy that retailers use is to raise the base price of an item just before the busy season, but then tell you, "Oh, it's 40% off now." Sure, 40% off of a higher price, and it turns out to cost the same as it did last week, or maybe even more. So takeaway two: Focus on the actual price of an item. These sneakers cost $20. That's all you have to grapple with. And now it's time to figure out for yourself whether you consider that price a deal. It helps to do some comparisons of your own. There are websites, apps, and browser extensions that'll help you compare the price of a particular product across stores and across time. Sometimes they also offer coupon codes. I've had varying success with these. A lot of the time, they don't work.

• 8:13Marielle Segarra?

  Keep in mind, to use these sites, you might have to sign up for a free, ad-supported account, and to give these companies permission to use your shopping and browsing data and to send you emails. A simpler way to do price comparisons is a quick internet search. See if a product is cheaper at another retailer or at a secondhand site. This is a great option for clothing. You can even find the same pair of jeans, new with tags on, for a fraction of the price when you buy secondhand. Also, if you're shopping in a store, see if you can find a better price on your phone at another store across town. Then, Brian says, talk to a sales associate. Ask them to match that competitor's price.

• 8:50Speaker 02

  You have not because you ask not. So always go with a smile, pack your patience and a good disposition, because people who are working in these stores also understand that we're all in the position right now where any savings means something.

• 9:07Marielle Segarra?

  Here are some other questions to ask yourself when you're considering a purchase. Am I only buying this because it seems like a really good sale? Another way of getting at this is, have I ever thought about buying this thing before? Did I know this thing existed before I walked into the store? And would I consider buying it if it was full price? All right, we'll be back with more Life Kit. Promise me you won't do any online shopping during the break.

• 9:37Speaker 03

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• 10:12Speaker 00

  This message comes from Charles Schwab with their original podcast, Choiceology. Choiceology is a show about the psychology and economics behind people's decisions. Download the latest episode and subscribe at schwab.com/podcast.

• 10:28Marielle Segarra?

  Okay, our next strategy might sound a little obvious, but it is truly the basis of all marketing. Marketers sell you a fantasy. The idea of that picture-perfect holiday dinner where everybody's connecting and nobody's fighting, or the vision of you as your sexiest, most confident, most put-together self, the one who gets their shopping done early for the holidays.

• 10:50Speaker 02

  These all play to your aspirational, "I've got stuff together" side, our sense of accomplishment and just how good we are at loving the people around us based on the amount of things that we're able to gather and put in our carts.

• 11:05Marielle Segarra?

  So takeaway three, here's how you can know marketing is working on you. If you find yourself pulling out your cash or typing in your credit card info and longing for something, or fantasizing about some idealized version of yourself or your family, or feeling emotions like guilt, lust, nostalgia, sadness, loneliness, when this happens, again, you want to pause. And remember that you do not have to spend money on this particular thing. That doesn't mean you don't get your family any gifts for the holidays, but it doesn't have to be this item. And you can get creative. Find a treasure that they'll love at a secondhand store. Bake them their favorite cookies. Plan a group dinner or a family hike. Okay, so we've gone through some of the

• 11:48Marielle Segarra?

  strategies retailers use to get you to throw down your money. I'd like to devote the rest of our time to arming you with your own strategies. Takeaway four, when it's time to buy, be strategic. Try some of these shopping tips to find deals. One shopping strategy is to plan ahead. If you know that the next year you're going to need new boots or a new winter coat, Lindsay says, look for them at the end of the season.

• 12:12Speaker 05

  A lot of times, the sales are tied to retail inventory cycles. So these are when stores need to clear out their space and not necessarily when they just want people to click. So that's a lot of times you can get really big sales.

• 12:27Marielle Segarra?

  She says if you want to time this out, consider the weather and what you're doing in your own closet.

• 12:32Speaker 05

  If you're about ready to pack it away in your own house, it's probably when you want to start looking for it on sale in a store.

• 12:39Marielle Segarra?

  If you're shopping for electronics, like a phone or a pair of headphones, wait until the new version comes out.

• 12:45Speaker 05

  You can always get big discounts on last year's version or two versions ago.

• 12:50Marielle Segarra?

  Our next tip is to consider derivative models around Black Friday. Brian says manufacturers will often create products exclusively for this season.

• 13:00Speaker 02

  The derivative models might have fewer features than the ones that you would buy at a regular price throughout the rest of the year. So in November, they can give you that super doorbuster deal on this name brand television from a reputable, highly rated manufacturer, but it might not have as many HDMI inputs. The remote control might be a little more simplified, or the resolution on certain things, or the number of apps that are already embedded inside could be lower because at this price, this is the best that we can do.

• 13:37Marielle Segarra?

  This cheaper version of the TV might actually be a good fit for you, depending on what features you want. The key is to know what you're getting.

• 13:44Speaker 02

  For some of us, that simplified remote is a blessing. Like, I don't know what I'm looking at with all these damn buttons. Or the fact that I don't need 20 HDMI's. If I want to plug my Roku, my Fire Stick, my Apple TV into the side, I don't need to have a bunch of different inputs.

• 14:02Marielle Segarra?

  A few other tips from Lindsay. Unfortunately, items that are sold in the girls' or women's section of a store will often be marked up compared to similar or the same items sold in the boys' or men's department.

• 14:14Speaker 05

  That's actually called the pink tax. And they do mark up, you know, think of razors. A pink razor might be a little bit more expensive when it's the exact same thing, but it's pink, not blue or green.

• 14:26Marielle Segarra?

  I noticed this one's at a sporting goods store with an anti-chafe stick that you can rub on your ankles or other body parts. The blue one was a couple bucks cheaper. So I got the blue one. It's my favorite color, anyway. Another tip Lindsay shared applies to shoe shopping. If your feet are on the smaller side.

• 14:42Speaker 05

  You can buy the child versions or child sizes in a lot of shoes, and you can save sometimes like between $40 and $80 by just buying the child version versus the adult version. So that's another good way to save if, you know, if it is something that isn't typically going to go on sale.

• 15:01Marielle Segarra?

  And then before you make a purchase, find out what is this retailer's policy on price matching and price adjustments? Price matching is when a retailer will match a competitor's price for the same product. Brian talked about this earlier. Price adjustments are when a retailer matches its own price over time. Say you bought a pair of headphones for 160 bucks and the price dips to 120 the next week. Some retailers will say, yeah, come back to us within 30 days and we'll refund you the difference. So shop around. If you can find the same item at different places and one has a better price adjustment policy, that's a good reason to buy it there.

• 15:41Marielle Segarra?

  All right, we thought it would be nice to end this episode with a little poem. Genevieve Franklin in California sent us this voice memo that describes her shopping ethos.

• 15:52Speaker 07

  Stop the shop. Shop your closet, every drawer. Shop your pantry and yet more. Shop your bookshelves and garage. Hello, best self. Bye, garbage.

• 16:07Marielle Segarra?

  Okay, time for a recap. Takeaway one, anytime you're shopping or browsing, ask yourself, am I feeling a sense of urgency right now? And is there actually any urgency? Takeaway two, focus on the actual price of an item and figure out for yourself whether you consider that price a deal. Takeaway three, if you find yourself pulling out your cash or typing in your credit card info and longing for something, fantasizing about some idealized version of yourself or your family, or feeling heavy emotions, pause.

• 16:39Marielle Segarra?

  Takeaway four, when it's time to buy, be strategic. Look for deals at the end of a season or when the newest version of something comes out. Consider derivative models that are made for the holiday season, but also know what you're getting. Look in the boys' or men's department to see if an item is cheaper. See if you fit into the kid's size of the same shoe. It'll often be less expensive. And buy things from retailers with strong price adjustment policies.

• 17:04Marielle Segarra?

  And that's our show. By the way, has a Life Kit episode ever sparked a new habit for you or changed your life? If so, why not tell a friend about our show? Share an episode you think they might like. It would mean the world to us. This episode of Life Kit was produced by Claire Marie Schneider. Our visuals editor is Beck Harlan, and our digital editor is Malika Gharib. Megan Cain is our senior supervising editor, and Beth Donovan is our executive producer. Our production team also includes Andy Tagle, Margaret Serino, and Sylvie Douglas. Engineering support comes from Simon Laslow-Janson. Fact checking by Candace Court Camp. I'm Marielle Segarra. Thanks for listening.

• 17:50Speaker 03

  Stay tuned for the following announcements and messages from our sponsors.