It Could Happen Here Weekly 243

All of this week's episodes of It Could Happen Here put together in one large file. Lebanon's Agreement with Israel Ukraine Update: Political Chaos, Drone War, Crimes & More (ft. Romeo Kokriataski) Why is DHS Buying Private Prisons Why DSA Keeps Winning Executive Disorder: Asylum Seekers Forced to Meet with Iranian Officials, Ken Paxton, Activist Charged for GrapheneOS Phone Wipe You can now listen to all Cool Zone Media shows, 100% ad-free through the Cooler Zone Media subscription, available exclusively on Apple Podcasts. So, open your Apple Podcasts app, search for “Cooler Zone Media” and subscribe today! http://apple.co/coolerzone Sources/Links: Lebanon's Agreement with Israel https://www.972mag.com/lebanon-israel-trap-withdrawal-sovereignty/ https://thefirethesetimes.com https://hauntologies.net https://eliaayoub.com Ukraine Update: Political Chaos, Drone War, Crimes & More (ft. Romeo Kokriataski) https://english.nv.ua https://english.nv.ua/ https://www.iheart.com/podcast/269-ukraine-without-hype-127616838/ Why is DHS Buying Private Prisons https://calmatters.org/justice/2026/07/corecivic-sells-ice-detention-centers/ Why DSA Keeps Winning https://socialists.nyc/ https://www.dsausa.org/ https://podcasts.apple.com/ru/podcast/the-dsa-red-scare/id1449762156?i=1000777008325 Executive Disorder: Asylum Seekers Forced to Meet with Iranian Officials, Ken Paxton, Activist Charged for GrapheneOS Phone Wipe https://www.givesendgo.com/letsamgo https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2026/07/fourth-circuit-says-border-agents-can-search-your-phone-hand-no-suspicion-required https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/news-releases/us-citizenship-and-immigration-services-rescinds-2022-public-charge-regulation https://www.federalregister.gov/public-inspection/2025-20278/public-charge-ground-of-inadmissibility https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1999-05-26/pdf/99-13202.pdf https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.dcd.294220/gov.uscourts.dcd.294220.9.3_1.pdf https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.dcd.294220/gov.uscourts.dcd.294220.9.4.pdf https://www.reuters.com/world/china/iran-get-chinese-shoulder-launched-missile-systems-weeks-sources-say-2026-07-29/ https://x.com/CENTCOM/status/2082260118930956482 https://www.texastribune.org/2026/07/28/texas-senate-poll-james-talarico-ken-paxton-july-2026/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/amp/politics/ken-paxton-has-survived-years-of-scandals-can-james-talarico-change-that https://www.pbs.org/newshour/amp/politics/ken-paxton-has-survived-years-of-scandals-can-james-talarico-change-that https://www.pbs.org/newshour/amp/politics/ken-paxton-has-survived-years-of-scandals-can-james-talarico-change-thathttps://www.texastribune.org/2026/05/19/ken-paxton-waco-plea-deal-child-sex-abuse-texas-attorney-general/https://www.kwbu.org/news/2026-05-15/lawmakers-call-for-legal-reforms-response-to-adam-hoffman-case?_amp=truehttps://www.kwtx.com/2025/06/11/wife-waco-attorney-adam-hoffman-disputes-allegations-sexual-abuse-made-by-local-boy/https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/27/technology/meta-data-center-louisiana.htmlhttps://www.theguardian.com/education/2026/jul/28/school-shootings-pepper-spray-drones https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/8800https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/119/hr8800/text#H6C56E3050B5F4792AEBB0DF665B1D5D9https://breakthroughnews.org/2026/07/22/breakthrough-news-is-under-attack/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34Bg1RJk3_8 https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Cuba-Report.pdf https://peoplesforum.org/blog_post/trump-allies-in-congress-subpoena-the-peoples-forum-help-us-fight-back/ https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/23/business/media/new-york-times-subpoenas-withdraw.html https://www.chandralaw.com/files/assets/2026-05-27def.morenosmotforexpeditedreliefunderupepa.pdf https://www.chandralaw.com/files/assets/2026-06-04def.morenossecondsupplementtohermot.forexpeditedrelief.pdfhttps://www.cnn.com/2026/06/10/politics/video/max-miller-abuse-allegations-emily-moreno-digvid-invs https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/07/14/ohio-congressman-max-miller-is-being-sued-amid-domestic-violence-allegations/ https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2026/07/assault-misogyny-verbal-threats-records-detail-new-allegations-against-rep-max-miller-bernie-moreno/ https://x.com/GrapheneOS/status/2082212225364746306 https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71998357/1/united-states-v-tunick/ https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.gand.351976/gov.uscourts.gand.351976.21.0.pdfhttps://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/jul/23/cop-city-protester-phone See omnystudio.com/listener https://omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:00Speaker 00

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• 2:36Robert Evans?

  Hey, everybody. Robert Evans here, and I wanted to let you know this is a compilation episode. So every episode of the week that just happened is here in one convenient and with somewhat less ads package for you to listen to in a long stretch if you want. If you've been listening to the episodes every day this week, there's going to be nothing new here for you, but you can make your own decisions.

• 3:02Speaker 06

  Hello, everyone, and welcome to It Could Happen Here. My name is Dan Alkurd, and I'm a researcher and analyst of Arab and Palestinian politics. Today, I'm joined by Ilya Ayub, who is a Palestinian Lebanese writer and researcher, as well as a podcaster with the podcast The Fire These Times and From the Periphery of Media Collective. And today, he's speaking to us about the recent agreement between Lebanon and Israel related to Israel's continued occupation of the southern part of Lebanon and continued bombardment. So he's going to talk to us about what the agreement says, why there are so many problems and concerns related to this agreement, and how it fits into the broader regional war against Iran. Ilya, thank you so much for joining us. Hi. Thank you for having me again.

• 3:45Speaker 06

  So today, we're going to be discussing, as I mentioned in the intro, the agreement between Lebanon and Israel, the framework, which has been quite controversial. So I wanted to just give you an opportunity to give a brief explainer. What is this agreement? So it's technically like a trilateral framework in the sense that it includes, well, legally anyway, the US, Israel, and Lebanon. Ostensibly, like what it says it does is that it proposes some kind of future in which Lebanon and Israel, which have been in a de facto state of war for basically forever, to no longer be in that de facto state of war. The problem, which probably won't surprise like the audience of this podcast, the problem

• 4:29Speaker 06

  is sort of in the details, like what is it that Lebanon has signed? If you look on the website itself, it's on the American government's website, there are 14 points. It's roughly 1,300 words or so. And already, you see what's absent, which is the terms like withdrawal, end of occupation, any of that. There's basically no stipulation whatsoever that the Israelis have to leave Lebanon. And you will have people who support this, who say, well, technically, that's not true because it says here in number two, the government of Israel and government of Lebanon commit to a reciprocal sequence process with clear conditions whereby the LAF, which is the Lebanese Armed Forces, will restore effective sovereign authority over all of Lebanese territory.

• 5:13Speaker 06

  And here is the grub, I'm quoting, pending the verified disarmament of non-state armed groups and dismantlement of associated infrastructure, enabling the IDF, the Israel Defense Forces, to progressively redeploy out of Lebanese territory. What it essentially says, and the various points, we don't have to go through all of them, essentially confirmed this time and time again, is that Israel will get to define, will get to decide when an area that Israel is occupying, as in the Lebanese territory that Israel is occupying, when that area is officially disarmed, when it is no longer a quote-unquote "security threat." The Lebanese state has no say in the matter. There's no independent, like UN-type mechanism that would determine that.

• 5:58Speaker 06

  It's just Israel that gets to define that. And what they're currently doing, which is what the Lebanese government has agreed to, which is part of the controversy that we'll get into, is that they are creating these two so-called pilot zones, which are among the, in the territory that Israel is currently occupying in Lebanon, in which they will allow the LAF, the Lebanese Armed Forces, to progressively assert its, I'm putting this in quotation, you can't see it, like assert is sovereign territorial control. But, and here again is the kind of the devil in the detail, the Lebanese army cannot actually enforce anything that would still be the authority of the Israeli army, which again is the one that is currently illegally occupying southern Lebanon.

• 6:40Speaker 06

  So, yeah, we can get into more of the details, but that's sort of in a nutshell why it's so bad, but I can get into more why it's bad as well. Oh, yeah, we'd like to talk about all the bad. So before we get into like all the bad, where does Hezbollah play into any of this? Well, unsurprisingly, Hezbollah opposes this. In fact, I don't think a majority of the political parties currently in the Lebanese parliament support this, if I'm not mistaken, which is one of the reasons why I don't think this particular agreement, which is the latest of so many agreements between the Americans, Israelis, and the Lebanese, at least at the official level, I don't see this lasting very long. Hezbollah has immediately said that this is a humiliation, it's surrender, it's defeat, which is not that unusual.

• 7:21Speaker 06

  That's sort of how they've been talking about these negotiations for, since they started, really. And it declared them, declared this agreement null and void, which, you know, they cannot get more, more straightforward than that. Their main ally in parliament, i.e. the Amal movement, has also come out to oppose this, which is a big deal because that's the Speaker of Parliament. Lebanon is ruled by this kind of troika, so he's one of, one out of three, which is a big problem for the other two. And, yeah, I kind of genuinely don't see this lasting, but I am also worried about what, what can come next. I mean, the fact that Israel is, again, the unilateral, you know, judge, jury, executioner here. Exactly. Obviously is a very big problem. But what other issues do you foresee with this agreement?

• 8:06Speaker 06

  I worry that the Lebanese government, in at first having some, I think, understandable concerns over Iran's role in Lebanon, and we can get into that, has sort of either, I don't know how you would describe it, maybe overcorrected and gone a bit too anti-Iran, which in and of itself, I wouldn't necessarily oppose. I'm not a fan of the Islamic Republic, to put it mildly. And I've always opposed Hezbollah for as long as I can remember. But the timing of doing what they've been doing, and I can get into it now, has been, I think, very, to put it charitably, very puzzling, but I think also like very, very short-sighted and frankly reckless and dangerous. This is all while Israel is bombing Lebanon, I should say.

• 8:50Speaker 06

  If this was in a context where there was no active war, I wouldn't have as big of an issue with it. But they've declared the Iranian ambassador to Lebanon to be persona non grata. They've taken down photos of the Ayatollah by the road to the airport and replaced it with Lubnan Awalan, which is like Lebanon first. They've deported like members of the IOGC, the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, and done a bunch of like other, even like rhetorical things, like the president would go on Twitter and say like, Iran, get out, and stuff like that, the president of Lebanon. Which, again, I have 1,001 issues with the Iranian role in Lebanon and including my, my issue with Hezbollah. But there is only one country that is currently actually occupying Lebanon militarily and

• 9:33Speaker 06

  actually bombing Lebanon militarily with its military, I mean, and that country is not Iran. So the priorities of the government in wanting to distance itself from Hezbollah's actions, which I should say have been controversial from the beginning because Hezbollah took a unilateral decision to enter the war against Israel, a decision that was not made with like the rest of Lebanon's approval. So it's been like controversial from the start. And that's what I meant by like the charitable interpretation is that the Lebanese government sort of overcorrected. And instead, by, by attempting supposedly to distance itself from Iran, what it has actually done is made us even more dependent on the United States than we used to be before. Right.

• 10:15Speaker 06

  So that's where the things you're describing under normal circumstances would be like, yeah, like, why is Iran so embedded in a lot of these different countries in the region? And why does it have such an interventionist role? But you're saying it's reckless in this context. Where the Lebanese government is basically making itself more at the mercy of actors like the United States and Israel by proxy. Yeah. As of now, like, and I really tried my best to look for some level. That Lebanon might have, but as of now, I don't actually see any leverage that Lebanon has. It's basically, we hope for the best. Like, I wish I could, I could put it differently, but it essentially is under the hope that like the Trump administration is tired of Netanyahu,

• 10:56Speaker 06

  that it might for, you know, force the Israelis to, to either withdraw from Lebanon or to at the very least stop the bombing or whatnot, which I've seen no evidence of. And as of now, every time a so-called ceasefire has been signed, that even Hezbollah agreed to, the only thing that is done is that Hezbollah would not respond to Israeli bombings. So the Israeli bombings have been a constant throughout this entire thing, ceasefire or no ceasefire. Since the agreement was signed, they've continued, they haven't stopped. As of time of recording, over four thousand and two hundred Lebanese have been killed uh since the beginning of this latest uh war, so not even since the beginning, since twenty twenty three, but since in twenty twenty six alone. Because Israel does not discriminate in how they bomb. So to give you the example of those two so-called

• 11:40Speaker 06

  pilot zones, are they even inhabitable? Uh as of now, I don't know. Because of the fifty-four towns and villages, Lebanese towns and villages, that the Israelis militarily occupy, at least forty-six of them that we know of are either partially or entirely demolished. So what are those security zones? What does that even mean, you know? But again, is this, the entire problem now is that they get to decide all of that. And again, with all of my issues with Iran, the agreement that the Lebanese have signed with the Israelis, I think, is objectively worse than the memorandum of understanding that the Iranians signed with the Americans that actually also included Lebanon. Because at least in that MOU, in that memorandum of understanding,

• 12:21Speaker 06

  it included the sentence territorial integrity and sovereignty of Lebanon, as well as a call for ceasefire, which was a nightmare for Netanyahu.

• 12:39Speaker 06

  Let's talk about Iran more specifically for a moment. I mean, Lebanon has taken out the ambassador, has made all of these kind of rhetorical shifts away from the Iranian regime, obviously a display for the US and for Israel. But Iran, how has it responded? How has the government responded? And how does this agreement relate to the MOU that Iran signed with the United States? So it's quite complicated because the MOU was signed just about a week or so before. So the deal between the Iranians and the Americans was signed roughly, Dean, or agreed upon, I don't know if they sign these things, uh roughly a week before the, this one, the one between Israel and the, and Lebanon via America, the tripartite one, as they call it.

• 13:22Speaker 06

  One interpretation that I've seen is that by going directly to Lebanon, America actually managed to bypass these, these kind of bullet points that Iran was putting forward. So like, let's say Iran is saying, well, there should be a ceasefire in Lebanon, and that there should be like territorial integrity and sovereignty. In the meantime, the Lebanese state is saying to Iran, like, you do not negotiate on our behalf. So the Americans go to Lebanon directly, or Lebanon goes to the American. And they supersede it. They supersede this and they do a negotiation, or they, rather, they get the Lebanese to sign this latest agreement directly, which of course does not include Iran anyway. So the main differences between the uh MOU between America and Iran and the agreement between,

• 14:05Speaker 06

  let's say, Israel and Lebanon, is that Israel had no part whatsoever in the MOU. And if it had come to pass, if the Iranians had basically gotten what they were asking for, the Americans would have been forced, at least legally, to, to pressure the Israelis to leave Lebanon altogether, no ifs and buts, no, no negotiated exit, whatever that means, no making up pilot zones, none of that stuff. It would just be, you, you've been doing this occupation illegally, you need to leave, as simple as that. That's been the Iranian position, which is not a position that most Lebanese would disagree with, because it is just a fact. Right. And it's interesting. I mean, obviously, we don't want to speculate, but

• 14:46Speaker 06

  it is interesting that Iran made the ceasefire in Lebanon so kind of central to a lot of their demands, right? Yeah, it, it's not that surprising to me, I think, because they, they see this as saving Hezbollah. So like, it's uh, it's like, it's almost like an easy thing to, to do. It doesn't cost them anything, in a sense. It would have, of course, put pressure on the Israelis, which they're happy to do, since Israel and America started the war against Iran in the first place. Right. And it would, you know, give some kind of breathing space for their, uh, their main ally in Lebanon, which is Hezbollah. Yeah. So in and of itself, I don't think it's surprising that they included it. Maybe they knew that Lebanon would reject it officially, given

• 15:27Speaker 06

  the position of the Lebanese government, you know, thus far, and I, I can't know for sure. But yeah, in and of itself, it doesn't surprise me that they went for this, because one, one other thing I should say, that they were proposing in that MOU, is a so-called de-confliction cell, the details of which are not entirely clear to me yet, and at this point, may never happen anyway. But the way it's been interpreted that I saw is that it would see uh its influence in Lebanon restored. So there's also like a self-interest in all of that, but not in a militarily occupying way. So for me, it's not that the option has been either an amazing option or a bad option. It's more like either we get the Iran option, which is not ideal but still functional,

• 16:09Speaker 06

  or a catastrophic option, which is the one that we actually got with the Israelis. Right. And I mean, we've had some episodes about Iran. I've hosted a few people about Iran. And I think it bears repeating that their strategy, their ability to kind of withstand even this level of severe, you know, warfare and the latest escalation has depended on their allies in the region and kind of the diffusion of Iranian power to non-state actors, essentially. Yeah. So what was the public reaction to the Lebanese government signing this agreement? The Lebanese public reaction, to be clear? Yeah, the most immediate reaction on the streets has been by,

• 16:52Speaker 06

  of course, by Hezbollah and its ally Amal, in which they, they, you know, they burn stuff down, they yell, they, they threw stuff at the cops and stuff like that. The Secretary General of Hezbollah, as I said, has declared it not in void, and so on. As for the rest of the country, there hasn't been any kind of mobilization against it, but this shouldn't be interpreted as consent. It's more, I think, in my view, that the Lebanese population as a whole has been exhausted by nearly three years of war now. And there is an appetite for kind of diplomacy. In fact, there's been a poll, a nationwide poll that was just released a few days ago, that says that roughly fifty-four percent of the population support diplomacy versus thirty-five percent that support armed resistance. Now, the fifty-four percent that support diplomacy, which, you know, just over half,

• 17:36Speaker 06

  it's not because they believe this is the best option, it's more that they believe, I think, this is my interpretation, it's more that I think most people genuinely believe that there are no other options. So it's more like, I think, a reflection of how desperate the situation is more than anything else. It should not be confused with any kind of like warming up towards Israel. In that same poll, which again was nationwide, eighty-seven percent of people in Lebanon identified Israel as their main enemy versus fifty-one percent that identify America and thirty-eight percent that identified Iran. And this is across sects. So usually, when you see the reporting, you could be led to believe that it's only Shias in Lebanon that oppose Israel, but actually, it is really a cross sect that Israel is a deeply unpopular state in Lebanon, which is not surprising, because it's been bombing

• 18:20Speaker 06

  Lebanon for on and off decades now. Right. You've written about this for nine seven two mag. You have another article coming out, I'm sure. Or it's already out, I'm not sure, but I will definitely link it in the show notes by the time this, this episode airs. Is there anything you feel like we missed and that listeners should know? It's very difficult to know where things are heading. In terms of the security situation in Lebanon, I would argue that kind of the specter of a civil war, whatever that actually looks like, is never too far away and hasn't been too far away for a while now. I don't think it's likely in the, like, traditional sense of like multiple armed actors in the near future, largely because I think the population is really exhausted.

• 19:01Speaker 06

  But the Israeli war on Lebanon has created kind of this fault line that's very, very difficult, I think, to overcome now. And it's not, again, a fault line between pro-Israel and anti-Israel. Both sides of this fault line are technically anti-Israel. It's more of like what the priorities should be for the Lebanese state. And it's created a sense for a lot of people who are from southern Lebanon, that is currently, as

• 19:25Robert Evans?

  Speaking still being bombed, it is giving the sense that the rest of the country is abandoning them. And this sort of grievances is quite literally what gave us Hezbollah in the first place.

• 19:36Speaker 06

  Right.

• 19:36Robert Evans?

  Hezbollah was created in the mid eighties. This was a couple of years, two, three years after the Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon really started, which was not even the first one. It was the second one. It was just the biggest one. It would last for 18 years. And in those 18 years, this obscure group that did not really exist, grew in popularity because they were the most effective one, thanks to the fact that Iran was backing them, until they became the de facto kingmakers of Lebanese politics for a couple of decades after that.

• 20:04Speaker 06

  Mm hmm.

• 20:05Robert Evans?

  So the worry here is not even that I feel that like history would just repeat itself and whatnot. It's more that there doesn't seem to be any actual path forward that proposes any alternative to people from southern Lebanon, which is roughly a fifth of the country in terms of both size, more or less, and population, more or less. Those people have nowhere else to go. They will go back to their homes when they can. They go back to their lands if their homes are destroyed and they will try and rebuild as they have done already in the past, if not once, sometimes more than once. And if there isn't a solution for them, that is just a fair solution that brings them justice, that stops the Israeli bombings and

• 20:46Robert Evans?

  permanently forces the Israelis out of Lebanon, there's going to be some force somewhere that's going to find a way to appeal to that population. And if they're not offered an alternative, they will seek that alternative, which again, is the history of Hezbollah in the first place.

• 21:01Speaker 06

  Right.

• 21:02Robert Evans?

  So as much as I oppose Hezbollah for very Lebanese reasons, like and as a Lebanese myself, because of sectarianism and authoritarianism and so on, that's a completely separate question for me than the right of people who are under military occupation to resist that military occupation, because that is actually a right that's guaranteed under international law. And I'm really worried as of now, and I'm not just speaking for myself here, that's virtually everyone I know, that the situation is getting to the point where essentially the Lebanese state is hoping that the Americans would just pressure the Israelis.

• 21:40Speaker 06

  Mm hmm.

• 21:40Robert Evans?

  And the way it's been happening as of now is that they would pressure them here and there a bit, but not much. And then the rest of the time, they just let them do whatever they want, with American tax money, of course. If they don't actually force the Israelis to withdraw from Lebanon, it can create like a, you know, a whole different political beast in a sense that would be even more violent, I think.

• 22:00Speaker 06

  We're specifically talking about Lebanon, but this is the case in so many contexts in the region is that when the conflicts are unresolved, when the violence is unresolved, then it'll only perpetuate more violence.

• 22:16Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 22:16Speaker 06

  Everyone I know has been warning about that in every context in Palestine and Lebanon. Uh, so it's extremely depressing, but thank you so much for sharing your insights with us. And I will link Aida's work in the show notes. And yeah, hope you all stay safe.

• 22:33Robert Evans?

  Thanks, Dana.

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  I'm Melissa Jelton, and in my new podcast, What Happened to Her, I'm bringing you new stories and conversations every week. Stories about women whose deaths were too quickly ruled a suicide.

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  She was starting to get worried and get scared for her safety.

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  No child should ever experience that. And we were babies. She did all of these brave things and came out and spoke about it, and he got a year.

• 24:57Speaker 04

  You never know who that devil is because he's wearing a disguise. Sometimes it's a police uniform.

• 25:03Speaker 03

  Listen to What Happened to Her on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 25:10Speaker 05

  Didn't catch the latest Roland Martin Unfiltered podcast?

• 25:13Speaker 01

  Here's what you missed.

• 25:14Robert Evans?

  And the argument is, do you want to win? If you don't win, you have no power.

• 25:22Speaker 05

  It's real.

• 25:23Robert Evans?

  Those are the very people who I always say vote against their own economic interest, and they complain about the very thing they're receiving.

• 25:29Speaker 01

  It's raw.

• 25:30Robert Evans?

  I knew that the issue of transgender athletes was not going well with a lot of black men.

• 25:38Speaker 01

  Roland Martin Unfiltered.

• 25:40Robert Evans?

  I went off. I said, this is exactly what I'm talking about. Y'all gonna scream at Chanel, but you don't want to see a black luxury company in the same vein.

• 25:50Speaker 01

  Catch Roland Martin's daily commentary on the Black Information Network.

• 25:53Robert Evans?

  12 seats. Those are moving south. So if you Democrats, you don't wait to 2030, you better be hitting the ground going hard in the south now.

• 26:03Speaker 05

  And download Roland Martin Unfiltered on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,

• 26:08Speaker 01

  or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 26:14Robert Evans?

  Welcome back to It Could Happen Here. I'm Robert Evans. This is a podcast about things falling apart. And that that's happening in a lot of places right now, but not every place also has things regularly, unfortunately, falling from the sky. But that's life in Ukraine for a lot of people, including our guest today, every single day, because they're still under invasion from the Russian Federation, which I guess we're still calling it the Federation. Romeo Kokriataski, welcome back to the show. How are you doing? I mean, I know it's not great, so I don't know why I'm asking. Yeah, uh, thanks for having me back on. It's been a while. Yeah. Yeah, like you mentioned, it's it's not great, especially for me personally. My

• 26:58Robert Evans?

  neighborhood's been targeted by ballistics twice in the past two weeks, one of which hit a improperly stored munitions dump and blew up half the neighborhood. So that's been that's been fun to deal with. I mean, we have other stuff to talk about, but I do want to just kind of talk about what life has been like, like in terms of dealing with that. I mean, thank God you have not been hit, neither has your home. But like, on a day to day basis, how are you all enduring? You know, so many years passed when this escalated most recently. Honestly, I had thought prior to half my neighborhood being blown up, that I'd basically gotten numb to the bombings. Yeah. Turns out that's not true. Yeah, that makes sense. Turns out I was just completely lying to myself.

• 27:43Robert Evans?

  Yeah. I have mortal dread pretty much all the time. Every night, I am desperately checking every single monitoring channel I have access to, and praying that the Russians aren't going to shoot us. And if they do shoot us, I then have to think, hey, should I wake my wife and son up? Should we go down to the shelter? Is there any point? We live in the 15th floor. So we'd have to walk. What if a missile hits while we're in the stairwell? Yeah. And it's a little tiring. It's a little tiring. Yeah. To constantly live your life with the feeling that you may die at any goddamn moment. I'm not even in the military. Yeah. I am pretty much constantly afraid for my life and of course, the life of my family

• 28:28Robert Evans?

  and friends. Every morning after a mass attack, I have to call or text every single journalist who works for me, make sure that they're still alive. Yeah. And so far, everything's been clear. Everything's been clear for five years, but you really have to wonder, how long can can one's luck last? Yeah, it's like you were talking about, you know, the moment you start to feel like, you know, maybe I've hardened, or maybe like I've gotten past the point that this can affect me is the moment where something, you know, happens. I feel so awful that like the constant state of like panic, fear, arousal that everyone has to be in over there because they're just shooting missiles into your home every day is just, it's hideous.

• 29:12Robert Evans?

  Yeah, it's not great. Um, I haven't left the country since the start of the full scale. Yeah. And to be quite honest, I'm not sure how I would do, once this threat is no longer above my head. It's hard to imagine going to sleep and not wondering whether I'm going to wake up in the next, like the next morning. It sounds a little absurd, but then I think someone about 300 kilometers away has made a decision to lob multi hundred kilogram warheads at. The general area of where I live within two to three kilometers. That is not a large radius. No, no, it really isn't.

• 29:54Robert Evans?

  No, I mean ballistic missiles, you know, often can go thousands like that's so easy to build something that you could just fire blindly into a city at this point. That's, that's why war looks like this for most of the people involved in it, right? Like for all the movies are about the guys like kicking in doors and shit on the front lines. The vast majority of everyone's experience of war is shit falling on you from the fucking sky or exploding in traffic or something like that, right? Like, that's the reality. I'm fucking sorry, man. Yeah, and in Kiev, honestly, we don't even have as bad. Yeah. Here, so they're just doing a human safari. They've been doing that. Yeah. For, I don't know, like six months now. The frontline is right over basically the river.

• 30:36Robert Evans?

  And they, the Russians just send drones to hunt people in the streets just for fun. You know, funsies for the lols. So as bad as I have it here, sometimes I read the stories I'm publishing and I'm like, man, thank God I don't live in that place. Thank God I don't know anyone from that city. Everything becomes so relative after a while. I mean, it's the only way to stay sane, even though your, your situation is objectively unreasonable and impossible. You kind of naturally just look over to whoever's got it worse. I mean, which says something beautiful, I guess, if you'll let it, but you know. Guess that's one way of looking at it. Fuck, man, I'm sorry. Yeah, I know.

• 31:15Robert Evans?

  I brought you on here today to talk about some of the, the political changes that have been pretty massive that have just, just hit the Ukrainian government as the result of the sacking of Mikhail Fedorov. But that also feels like we should talk about that some. I just, I, I don't know. Talking to you reminds me of how much I even let myself over here focus on war in terms of stuff like that, right? These like moves by governments and moves by forces, which by default means excising the majority of what's happening from your mind, because in some, I mean, sometimes it's just too big to think about otherwise, right? But like, it's. No, that's exactly right. Yeah. Whenever there's any sort of domestic political intrigue, I am just overjoyed. I'm ecstatic.

• 32:00Robert Evans?

  Yeah, something.

• 32:03Robert Evans?

  I, I know a lot of people wanted to be war correspondents and like be there in the trenches. And I have a lot of friends, my buddy Dylan Burns. I saw a clip of him just getting shelled last week, somewhere I think on Zaporizhzhya front. Yeah. That, that wasn't what I wanted to do. I became a journalist because I love politics.

• 32:23Robert Evans?

  You know, the envy, the pettiness, the egos, all the little like garbage bullshit that makes up the, the experience of human politics. That's what calls to me in my dark little shriveled heart. So whenever I have the chance to, to engage in just domestic political bullshit, I, I feel overjoyed. That is fantastic. Well, good. Okay. Well, let's, let's talk about some domestic political bullshit. Cause there's been a wild train of it in the last couple of days. I, I'm just gonna let you go after starting this off, but like, kind of what, what prompted this is on July 15th of this year, Vladimir Zelensky, the Ukrainian president fired or dismissed Mikhail Fedorov, who was the minister of defense of Ukraine.

• 33:05Robert Evans?

  And Fedorov, he'd been the, the president's social media marketer initially, right? Like that, like back during he was, when he was campaigning way before his involvement in the military, if I'm remembering correctly. Yeah, he was a, not just social media, he was the young like IT guy. He was the IT guy. Right. Did all the IT infrastructure from SMM, from social media to the actual physical infrastructure itself. That was all Fedorov. He was like the IT dude for the Zelensky administration. Yeah. And he's only had the position for about six months. He was appointed in January, but it's been an incredibly popular six months, right? He is widely popular in Ukraine.

• 33:46Robert Evans?

  There were large protests following his dismissal and he got a lot of credit for his use of drone warfare. And particularly some of the promises he was making and, and some people would say some of the promises that he fulfilled about drone warfare. Right? And one of the issues that he had is he kind of clashed, as I understand it, with an older general, Serski, who was much more of a conventional weapons guy. I think like the big fight that Spurdaless came over, like a fight over munitions, right? Fedorov was canceling an order of artillery shells or something like that. And it kind of embodied the greater conflict between them, it seems like. Yeah, that's basically right. Fedorov prior to taking the ministry defense position, like I said, he was the IT guy and he had the

• 34:29Robert Evans?

  minister of digital transformation, because we have a whole ministry set up to digitize our government. We've got the DIA app and a couple of good results from it. So he had a relatively high level of popularity compared to the typical Ukrainian official coming into the MOD position. And he became popular, or I, I guess his popularity grew not so much because he was doing drones. Like the transformation to drones occurred pretty much from the start of the. Right, yes. Every single unit has been ordering and begging and getting drones however they can since literally the, the full scale started.

• 35:09Robert Evans?

  However, what Fedorov promised to do and what he did, which is what won him a lot of accolades with the, the, the common soldier, is he said, we would actually get you drones instead of, you know, you having to go through 15 layers of bureaucracy and procurement to maybe sign up for a list where you might get delivered something in four months, somewhere. We'll set up a simple, direct system where you can request the equipment you want and you'll get it. Well, it's not quite as simple. He developed some gamification crap, which you can get into later. I'm not. Yeah. I'm not a fan. It is really interesting, but yeah, yeah. It, he's tried some really fascinating stuff. Yeah, he's, he's, he's tried a lot of things and it, it has worked. Yeah. People have started getting drones.

• 35:52Robert Evans?

  Like I know guys on the front who had complained previously that they were unable to get equipment, even though they're posted, they're deployed, they have a mission and commands just like, oh, we, we don't know where your drone is. That started to be resolved. However, in order to do this, you need money, right? To buy drones, you need money. Right. So the Ministry of Defense controls the actual monetary flows. They have to actually sign off on whatever the request from the general staff or the military is to, to purchase this or that equipment system. Right. The way it typically works, because the Ministry of Defense is a civilian institution and the military is obviously a military institution.

• 36:32Robert Evans?

  Typically speaking, in wartime, civilians are intended to defer to military expertise, right? So if the army goes, we need, I don't know, 100,000 155 millimeter shells. The Ministry of Defense is not really supposed to say, you know what? No, we think you need this instead. This is the, the kind of the, the crux of the conflict here is that Fedorov, seeing these requests from Serski, like you said, he's a very conventional guy, a very conventional Soviet general. He grew up in Moscow, went to the, the Moscow Red Army Academy. To be quite honest, he's pretty much a Soviet general through and through.

• 37:15Robert Evans?

  My understanding is he has a reputation for accepting pretty gnarly casualties. Yeah. Fair or unfair, he's gotten that reputation. I'm not like an expert on his record. Yeah. Absolutely. Yes, he has that reputation and like you, I'm not a military guy. Yeah. I'm not an army expert. I've never studied strategy or tactics aside from meme posting. So I, I have no idea how, you know, true or not true it is. Obviously you can look at the loss records of the units that Serski sets a personally favored and you can see that they are hired. But are they hired because they are simply being used more often? Like it's a war, there are going to be casualties, there are simply no way to remove that fact.

• 37:57Robert Evans?

  Or are they hired because his commanders are incompetent and throwing away human meat? You know, you've got people that'll say one way, you've got people to say the other way. But regardless, Serski would continue to request these kind of conventional munitions. And according to Serski's version, at least Fedorov will just completely ignore this and buy whatever he wanted the ministry. Typically this was drones. There was a funny meme I saw of Serski complaining to Fedorov with a text reading, the buzzing of your stupid drones are hurting the infantry to advance. To give you a sense of how Ukrainians viewed this. Oh, man. That's beautiful. I really love that meme, really. That's beautiful. That's going in a history book.

• 38:55Robert Evans?

  From the Fedorov side, what they say the, the conflict is, which knowing how Ukraine works, I tend to believe them. Right. Is that in Fedorov's attempts to move these cash flows from buying conventional munitions to buying drones, he started stepping on a lot of toes in the general staff. Right. Because this is Ukraine, because this is defense procurement. If you want to buy something from a domestic supplier, the chances are that supplier is owned somehow via shell company connected to some general or some highly placed military officials. That's just the nature of the game. Obviously, let's say if the general staff requests, I don't know, 100,000 shells

• 39:41Robert Evans?

  and they source, you know, half of it from a Ukrainian firm, there's a good chance that there's a lot of generals that are going to be building themselves a new villa after this. If however, you don't put that order in and instead buy, you know, drones from the 500 or 1,000 different garage manufacturers, which is how the. Our own industry works here. That money is not going into people's pockets. And those people get upset. Those people start complaining that you are not a team player, that they can't work with you, that you don't listen to them. They stop taking your calls, etc., which is exactly what we saw in the conflict between Fedorov and Serski on the reporting of it. So that's, that's basically the gist of it is Fedorov tried to use his

• 40:25Robert Evans?

  own judgment and stepped on people's toes, redirected money, and Serski and the general staff were not fans. I doubt Serski cared really all that much. However, he needs to keep everyone happy. And the officer class is very heavily involved in this. Creating military salaries, even officer salaries are not great. No, and there's a lot of corruption in procurement and a lot of allegations of corruption in procurement, which is not something any military doesn't have, to be honest. But yeah, that makes sense. So finally gets to the point where Serski went to Zelensky and said, look, you have to get rid of this guy. I can't work with him. Then Fedorov separately went to Zelensky

• 41:07Robert Evans?

  and said, look, you have to get rid of this guy. I can't work with him. And then Zelensky goes to a private meeting with his party in parliament and says, hey, well, they both said they can't work with each other, and I kind of need them to work with each other. So I should fire them both, but I can't fire Serski yet. So instead I'll fire Fedorov. And that's what kicked off this whole shebang. How much do you buy? Because The Times had a piece recently that was kind of, I mean quoting some insiders alleging that this was partly to do with Zelensky being jealous of Fedorov's popularity. And I've heard, I've heard rumors of that before. That has not seemed to be like the most, I don't know, believable answer. So I was kind of surprised to see The

• 41:49Robert Evans?

  Times give so much credence to it. But, I mean, do you feel like that's credible? Is that something you hear a lot? Or is that, where is that coming from, I guess? I mean, I have considered this a lot because it has been something said before. Yeah. When Valery Zaluzhny was made to step down as a top general, and he was replaced by Serski, a lot of the kind of speculation why this move was made was because Zaluzhny was very quickly becoming the most popular political figure, public figure in Ukraine. And then we saw Budanov, Kirill Budanov, the, the head of military intelligence, who is now Zelensky's chief of staff, when his star was rising, and Zelensky had to fire

• 42:33Robert Evans?

  your mock. He took the, the country's top spy, basically, and put him as chief of staff. Now you don't hear about Budanov at all, except for some unflattering rumors on anonymous Telegram channels. So there is kind of a pattern you can see with Zelensky seemingly diffusing popular people around him. So they are no longer in a position where they can be so popular. And in Zaluzhny's case, he recently announced that whenever we do have presidential elections, he does plan to stand to them. Right? So he has, in fact, directly declared

• 43:13Robert Evans?

  he will be politically opposing Zelensky whenever we get back to normal politics. So how do I say this? I am a cynical bastard. Right. I will believe the worst about anyone, especially a ego-driven TV star slash politician. It is not difficult for me in my citizen. Oh, God. Yeah. To look at a man and say, huh, you know what? He probably doesn't like being outshone on the stage. Yeah. At the same time, I like to hope that Zelensky has the understanding that we're fighting a full-scale war and that his ego is unnecessary and detrimental to the war effort. But, but the, the truth of the matter is, I have no idea. It certainly can be construed

• 43:57Robert Evans?

  that way. Let's say that I don't think construing events that way is unfair to Zelensky. I think that's a, it's a reasonable interpretation. Yeah. Based on the actions that he's taken and based on, you know, the rumors and so on that come out of the office of the president. Yeah, I mean, that, that makes sense, what you're saying. I don't have trouble believing that. Now, one of the things I have noticed is I've kind of read into Fedorov, and I'm wondering, and this is, we're kind of are veering into some, some military theory here, but it is something that concerns me when I kind of look at some of the allegations about what he believes. And I, I'm not sure if this is entirely fair to him, but it seems like his critics within the Ukrainian military seem to believe that he basically is a believer

• 44:38Robert Evans?

  that drones and robotics can handle a huge amount of the fighting load, right? And that this is like a major solution to the manpower crisis, to the extent that is sometimes accused of believing that they can handle much more of the load than is, is really realistic in a way that sometimes sounds similar to me to what some people said about like, air force generals and kind of the post-World War II period, where there's this big understanding that all we need is air power. That seems to be like the allegations against Fedorov, that he's saying, all we need is drone power and robotics, and we can kind of use that to fill in every gap. And there's a very reasonable critique that that's not sufficient. Now, I don't know if that's fully fair to Fedorov, but it seems to be like that's how he's being characterized, certainly by his opponents.

• 45:20Robert Evans?

  Having listened to him speak, I'll say that the characterization is a little bit off. Like, he might honestly believe that drones and robotics have to completely replace human warfare. But it's not like he, he lives in a fantasy world where he understands that that's a possibility that we can implement right now. Right. It's more that he faces the banal mathematical fact that we cannot match Russia. We, we, we are a much smaller country. It is mathematically impossible. Right. Add into that the general unpopularity of mobilization, the, the whole busification stuff, the fact that no one trusts our aging Soviet officer class to value their life or contribution if they are drafted or join the military. Right.

• 46:05Robert Evans?

  That together leads Fedorov to the, I think, pretty obvious conclusion that the only possible thing we can do to even start to match Russia in manpower is heavily embrace robotics. Now, I do want to say a couple of things. Fedorov is a libertarian in the American sense. Right. And he's very young. He's 35. He's, he's literally my age. Jesus. And this was back, I think, 2017 or 18. He ran as part of, we had a tiny libertarian movement called the 510 party, which their idea was a flat 5% VAT tax, flat 10%, something else. I mean, stupid libertarian shit. I didn't ever pay much attention to it because I always

• 46:48Robert Evans?

  asked them how old their girlfriend is and if they need to use the car seat. Is my opinion libertarian there? Yeah. And again, he is, so he may very well believe that this is the case, that humans need to be taken out of, or what's the military euphemism? Humans have to be taken out of the kill chain. Right, right. Removed from the kill chain. Yeah. I love the term kill chain. He may very well believe that. He is good personal friends with Alex Karp, the CEO of Palantir. That's very true. Obviously the Omni Surveillance Corp, headed by Yep. The, or devil himself, Peter Thiel. So there's a lot of red flags. One of the first statements he made after getting sacked was that he's been, already

• 47:30Robert Evans?

  gotten a bunch of offers from different Silicon Valley companies. Someone close to him said that. Not that he, that he hasn't taken. No, no, he said that during the briefing. I was listening and he It was him. Yeah. Alex Karp has already called, called me and offered me a job. Oh, he said Alex Karp. Okay, great. Great. I'm just remembering from a news article I read. Now, that said, I wanted to be fair to him because one thing he also gets a lot of credit for is over the last six months, which was not in his position for long, but it's been a reasonably good six months compared to some of the previous couple of years, right? The front has stabilized in a lot of areas, and there's been an incredibly successful campaign to damage Russia's oil refining capacity that's taken out a quarter of it, right? And those are seen, part of why he's so popular, I would imagine. There's a debate

• 48:14Robert Evans?

  as to how much credit does he deserve for both of those things? Both of these things have happened, right, over the last six months? Yeah, exactly. And the, the hope was that if he was allowed to complete his reforms, so his, the next big thing that he had planned to focus on was ground robotics, ground drones. The, the hope was that if he had actually been able to implement plans, we would see the same kind of sea change away from human soldier, really, human infantry into robotic soldiers. Just as we saw drones replace the sniper team, the artillery team, the mortar team, you know, so many of these kind of fundamental roles that we thought a modern

• 48:56Robert Evans?

  military, modern minds armed in military needs, turns out you could replace all of them with drones. We don't know if that's going to be true for ground drones, but that was going to be his, his next project. And it definitely helped bolster his standing, let's say, when he goes, well, first off, I'm getting you the drones. And second off, we don't need to throw away Ukrainian lives on worthless meat assaults to win back half a kilometer of territory. We can use easily replaceable robotics instead. Yeah, that's a very hard thing to argue with. I mean, especially given how it's functioned.

• 49:43Robert Evans?

  You know, it is worth kind of noting that he was brought in as well to solve the manpower crisis and that that that certainly has not been solved, although, you know, he was in there for six months, but like there, that still continues to be a significant issue, even with the advent of a lot more robotic fighters, which is, you know, proven successful in certain areas of the front, certainly, but it continues to be a pretty contentious and mobile front in some areas as well. Yeah, exactly. And the fact is, we still have, I don't know, maybe, let's say, another 10, 15 years to reach the Terminator feature, where you just, you don't need human infantry. It is a liability if you have flesh and blood guys on the battlefield. We're not quite

• 50:28Robert Evans?

  there yet. You still do need flesh and blood, meat sack humans to, to do things. So, mobilization is obviously a thing, but I gotta say, every single minister of defense we've had since the start of the full scale, has had the brief of reforming mobilization. So he is hardly the first guy to fail. Right. The general staff was given the brief of reforming mobilization. Zelensky himself said that the Office of the President has the brief of reforming mobilization. Fedorov, during his kind of exit press conference that he gave after being fired, he said this, a very interesting thing. He said that in order to do mobilization for him in Ukraine,

• 51:11Robert Evans?

  we need a new social contract. The fundamental social contract between Ukrainians and the state is seen by the, the average Ukrainian to be broken. Because of the continuous and constant corruption scandals, because of the seeming, you know, Soviet indifference and callousness towards human life, all of these factors make the Ukrainian populace not especially want to die for the state. It's not that we don't want to die for Ukraine, but no one wants to die for the Ukrainian state. And this is the fundamental issue. And until that is addressed, there is, there is no solution for mobilization, except for greater repression.

• 51:56Robert Evans?

  Right. Like, round people up even more, use greater force. That's the only thing you can possibly do. There is no soft handle to fix that. It's not even really a question of money. Because if you think that once you're drafted, they're gonna throw you in the back of a van, drive you into the middle of force, stick you there for two weeks, not teach you anything, yell and beat you, then drive you to the zero line and leave you there. That's what the average Ukrainian man, man thinks is going to happen to them if they're drafted. And the fact is, we have lots of stories exactly like that. So it's not exactly an unfounded fear. And until that's addressed, until the Ukrainian state can, you know, plausibly

• 52:38Robert Evans?

  tell the Ukrainian people, look, we care about your lives. We are doing this because we are doing this to survive, not because some general wants an extra badge or an extra villa or something. And at that point, mobilization reform can start. But, but without that change, you're, you're not gonna see anything. No, no amount of bureaucratic wrangling or raising salaries is gonna result in any kind of mobilization bump. Well, man, is there anything else you wanted to get to today? I think that was a really good point to make. I'll say this, that the, we did see that the protests did pay off. So, so I think that's the one aspect of this, what we haven't talked about. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. That's a very good point.

• 53:18Robert Evans?

  Why he is actually doing this, or why he, he is actually taking steps to remove Zirsky is because of the protests. Which we didn't even get to that. So much, because that just happened hours before we recorded this, but he has announced that Zirsky is now being removed. Right? Yes. Yes, yes. Just happened. Sorry. It was always going to be a case, once Zirsky's name was out in public. Right. The country's top general cannot be this controversial. He cannot be the, the guy everyone is talking about derogatorily in a national war. You just, you need to have the trust of both the people and the troops. And Zirsky, once this scandal had reached the, the level, it was clear that he no longer had the juice to continue. But

• 53:59Robert Evans?

  again, the reason Zelensky made these changes is because of the protests. So, we learned about Fedorov's dismissal, like, late at night, I wanna say, in the 15th. And then, that evening, a couple of, I think it was, one ex-volunteer, one ex-soldier, posted that we, everyone should gather out on Twitter, I think. And then, that, that gained steam. That was the start of the kind of five-day protest. I don't know if they're gonna continue today, now that Zirsky's been replaced, but they've been happening every single day this week. And again, people came out first to kind of keep, to protest Fedorov's removal, to say, hey, keep Fedorov. Then it became clear that Fedorov himself had refused to

• 54:41Robert Evans?

  continue to work with his Zelensky team. He, he pretty much told Zelensky that, I, I don't want any job. I wanted the job that I had, but since you made that no longer possible, I don't wanna work for you. Once that dynamic became clear, the protests shifted more towards trying to get Zirsky fired, or to, to get him to resign, than to get Fedorov back in office, which is unlikely to happen. But the protests have been, first off, they, they occurred not just in Kyiv, but pretty much in every major city, even the frontline cities, even in Zaporizhzhia, in Kharkiv. One of my journalists was in Kharkiv and did a report from their protest. And these are people who are getting airbombed during the day, and they're gathering in the center of the city and protesting. The scale of

• 55:25Robert Evans?

  it, the speed of it, and the, the general societal agreement is really what, what gave these protests their, their steam. The same with the pro-Nabu protests that we saw a couple of years back or last year. The same kind of dynamic, same kind of protesting class. Let's say it's younger people, you know, from 18 to like 30, typically more liberal, more progressive. However, we come out and protest, not for, I mean, sometimes we do come out for gay rights, but currently, it's, it's more to correct our government's personnel choices than anything else. Right. Yeah. I mean, I guess it, it is positive that it, it matters still, you

• 56:09Robert Evans?

  know, which is certainly in some ways, a legacy still lingering of the mind on, right? Is that the government's not gonna ignore that. Yeah. Yeah. I wouldn't just say it's positive. To be quite honest, I cannot think of a single other democratic country on the planet that is as responsive to the undifferentiated random cries of the masses than Ukraine. There's this huge negative to that. Yeah. I, I mean, I say it like this, and it might sound like I'm saying this derogatorily, but I'm not. No. I, I think, quite frankly, pretty much all liberal democratic nations in the 21st century have almost completely abandoned the democratic part. Right. Either people vote for local parties that simply don't matter, and all the decisions

• 56:53Robert Evans?

  are made in boardrooms that they have less than zero impact in. They go out and protest, and nothing happens, except some kids get beaten up by cops, and then nothing fundamentally changes. That, that is not true in Ukraine. We have seen multiple times where protesters go out with a concrete call, and the government heaves that call. Yeah. It doesn't simply ignore us. It doesn't just beat us up. It's fundamentally democratic in a way that I have not seen any other country in the world replicate so far. Yeah, that is very much worth continuing to note and acknowledge. Although, as you said, a mixed bag, because the voice of the people is, uh, not always correct about aspects of strategy and governance, as a lot of places have learned. Yeah, exactly.

• 57:36Robert Evans?

  All right, man. Well, do you wanna plug anything before you come out here? Tell people where they can find you? Yes. I am the managing editor of the New Voice of Ukraine, which is Ukraine's best and premier English language daily news site. You can read us at english.nv.ua. Really easy to remember. That's english.nv.ua. And listen to Ukraine Without Hype, which is a podcast from myself and my colleague, Anthony Bartowey. And you can find us wherever podcasts are listened to. Just search Ukraine Without Hype. Awesome. Well, thank you all for listening. Thank you Romeo for showing up again. And

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• 1:01:58Speaker 04

  Hello, everyone, and welcome to the show. My name is James. We're starting again because I forgot to press the record button, and I am very lucky to be joined by Wendy Frye, and we're going to talk about a piece that Wendy did for Cal Matters about the Fed's DHS buying detention centers in California. Hi, Wendy, welcome to the show.

• 1:02:17Speaker 06

  Hi, James, thanks for having me.

• 1:02:19Speaker 04

  Yeah. Okay, so let's begin, I suppose, by summarizing this article. We'll link to it right now. I think everyone should read it. It's a really good piece of reporting. But can you explain, like, what is happening here with these two detention centers?

• 1:02:31Speaker 06

  Sure, yeah, thank you so much. So last week, Corcivic, one of the largest private prison companies in the country, in the nation, publicly traded company, announced that they had sold two of their properties to the Department of Homeland Security for $1.5 billion. And those two facilities are two of the largest immigration detention facilities in California. Oti Mesa Detention Center in San Diego County that has a capacity of just a little under 2,000 beds. And then the other one is the newly opened California City facility up in Kern County, and that one's just a little bit bigger with a capacity of 2,500 beds. And we learned the details about the sale through this filing with the Security Exchange

• 1:03:16Speaker 06

  Commission. Like I said, because it's a publicly traded company, they have to make some of the information about this deal public. And we learned that the federal government paid $739 million, I think, for Oti Mesa. And then the other one was, I think, about $730 million for California City. And we've done some additional reporting, too, since that article came out. We just last Friday, we're talking with the San Diego County Appraiser, the Assessors Office, and Kern County found out that the last appraised value on these properties was about a quarter of what the federal government paid for them. So the last appraised value, I think about $160 million for Oti Mesa. I don't have the exact number, but around that. So they paid, you know, maybe four times.

• 1:04:00Speaker 06

  And of course, appraised value, we have to take it sort of with a grain of salt because it's not the market value, but it would be very hard to figure out what the market value is on a property like this, because there just aren't very many of them. Both places are these huge, sprawling federal prisons that don't get sold very often, so it's hard to figure out what the market value is. But those were the last appraised value.

• 1:04:19Speaker 04

  Yeah, sure, not much, not much on market for giant prisons, I suppose, so like, best guess.

• 1:04:24Speaker 06

  Yeah, not much to compare it to, as far as the sale, right?

• 1:04:27Speaker 04

  Right.

• 1:04:27Speaker 06

  And on the federal government side, on Corcivic's side, they said that this whole thing went through a very rigorous process of governmental review and that everything is above board there.

• 1:04:37Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:04:37Speaker 06

  So, yeah.

• 1:04:38Speaker 04

  Of course, they'll say that, yeah. So these facilities, like, they spent a lot of money on them, right? And they have a lot of money right now. They're sitting on a giant pile of money. Actually, before we talk about what they spent on them, people will remember when President Biden came into power, him saying he was going to end private prisons, right? So we should just, I guess, begin by explaining how that didn't include immigration detention and how these places have, like, as you say, they haven't just continued, but in the last two years, I guess, they're trying to expand immigration detention capacity, right?

• 1:05:09Speaker 06

  Right, yes. So in California particularly, California state officials have tried to ban private prison companies from operating within the state of California. And the Ninth Circuit didn't uphold that. Like, the California passed a law, Governor Newsom signed it, it ended up in court. GeoGroup and Corcivic, the two largest private prison companies, were fighting against this, and they won. The Ninth Circuit upheld that California can't ban these facilities from operating. But they have pushed back a lot, and California lawmakers are trying to write a series and pass a series of laws that would require, you know, more of the tax revenue from these

• 1:05:50Speaker 06

  companies to be, you know, absorbed by the state and disincentivize, basically financially disincentivize, these private prison companies from operating. And that is one of the reasons why DHS, in a statement that they put out, Jason Sweeney with ICE told me, you know, it's financially infeasible, it's become too burdensome, from their point of view, for the private prison companies to operate in California because of all the oversight and because of all the, you know, pushback that California officials have tried to do and have done as much as they can, basically, on.

• 1:06:23Speaker 04

  Let's talk about this new, like, attempt to grow detention capacity, right? Because their previous attempt was these warehouses, where we spoke to some folks in Social Circle on this show, Social Circle, Georgia, a while ago about that. Can you give people who haven't been following this a little synopsis of why they've moved away from the putting human beings in warehouses model?

• 1:06:45Speaker 06

  Sure. So the spending bill, the federal spending bill that President Trump signed last year included just the insanely unprecedented amount of money for immigration enforcement, like, more than even the entire budget of the entire federal prison system, right? It includes about $45 billion just for detention capacity alone. So they poured a ton, like you said, they're sitting on just this huge pile of cash that they have to spend. They have to do something with that money. The plan at the beginning of the year were, as you mentioned, these warehouses, right? That they wanted to, from their perspective, sort of more intelligently design the, both

• 1:07:28Speaker 06

  detention capacity and the deportation machine. And I think, I'm not 100% sure which DHS official said this, I think it was Tom Holman in Phoenix, but it could have been another DHS official, but basically, they said they wanted to design the, quote, "Amazon Prime" for humans. So like, they want to make this as fast and as efficient as possible. They want to have a capacity to detain up to 100,000 people on any given day. And they have a ton of cash, cash that they've never even seen before, right? So buying up this billion and a half dollars of real estate in California is feasible to them, and they've signaled that owning it, rather than leasing it or having Corcivic run

• 1:08:08Speaker 06

  it, is more beneficial to them in not having to comply with the oversight, the different inspections and laws that California officials have tried to put into place that allows, for example, inspectors with the California Attorney General's Office. And there was a 2024 law that California passed that would allow local health inspectors to go in and do a health inspection. San Diego County is the only place where they've actually tried to do that, and the private company pushed back. So DHS have said in their statement that, you know, owning this, rather than another entity owning it. It gives them the upper hand as far as avoiding some of this oversight and the federal courts have upheld that actually.

• 1:08:52Speaker 04

  Right.

• 1:08:52Speaker 06

  So.

• 1:08:53Speaker 04

  And let's dig into that a little bit, right? A lot of people have started paying attention to immigration detention approximately halfway through January in 2025, right?

• 1:09:03Speaker 06

  Right.

• 1:09:03Speaker 04

  And if you had been paying attention before in California, you would have known that thousands of people were detained without food, water or shelter in the open air for months. Not, not like an individual duration stay was, was at most like a week, but that the practice continued.

• 1:09:19Speaker 06

  In Hacumbia, right?

• 1:09:20Speaker 04

  Yeah, in Hacumbia and then uh.

• 1:09:23Speaker 06

  In San Ysidro.

• 1:09:24Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:09:24Speaker 06

  Yeah.

• 1:09:25Speaker 04

  In at least three places in Hacumbia. I, I, I believe there were also other OAD sites that we didn't find.

• 1:09:32Speaker 06

  Mm hmm.

• 1:09:33Speaker 04

  About, at least I didn't know about. And then there would, that'd also happen in Arizona as well. But at that point in time, there was not a great deal of inspection by the county. I saw a Office of the Immigration Detention Ombudsman person once. Their visit didn't seem to result in any changes, but like, has California commented on why they suddenly care about the, I guess, the conditions migrants are detained in? When they didn't seem to care in a way that mattered three years ago.

• 1:10:02Speaker 06

  Right. They certainly were coming out in statements and pushing back as hard as we have seen them push back against the Trump administration. That's true. And I have asked like top California officials that in an interview I did with the California Attorney General Rob Bonta, I did ask him, I was like, this is my really hard question for you is, you know? It didn't seem like you were pushing back in the same way when, you know, there were babies sheltering in porta potties, right?

• 1:10:30Speaker 04

  Oh, yeah. One night in September, I remember a lady breastfeeding a baby. The baby was shivering, which like it's not a good sign when babies are shivering and like, I was warming up milk in the camping stove in my truck. And my friend was cycling toddlers in and out of like a little warming station they built. Like I've been through the Darien Gap and that's still some of the worst shit that I've, I've ever seen. It was horrific.

• 1:10:54Speaker 06

  Right. I remember thinking like, where is the UN? Like, where is like the Red Cross? Like, what? This is a humanitarian crisis out here.

• 1:11:00Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:11:00Speaker 06

  Uh, and, and it was in such a remote area. It was so, it lacked so much visibility, both from the media and, you know, public officials. And so we did talk about that at one point and, and Bonta's response was, you know, we had a working relationship with the Biden administration that wasn't controversial or wasn't adversarial in the way that our relationship is with the Trump administration. And so we could work on that stuff behind the scenes. Now, I know you were out there. Anybody who was out there would say, nobody really ever saw the results of that collaboration or that work, right? And, you know, i- i- it is a concern for sure that it does seem like California politicians do get more bang for their buck in, in, in, in opposing the immigration policies of the Trump administration.

• 1:11:45Speaker 06

  When it's important to note that a lot of this infrastructure, including especially a lot of the AI infrastructure that are being used to surveil people who are against these policies. Or, and the Palantir, the AI technologies that is being used right now to find people and detain them without making the headlines and in quite as high, a, a high profile way as we saw last year. All that was put into place by the Biden administration, right?

• 1:12:09Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:12:09Speaker 06

  And so it is important to note that for sure, that a lot of these systems that now the Trump administration is able to utilize were handed to them.

• 1:12:29Speaker 04

  Let's entertain the idea that we have a midterm election and a presidential election and they, they are conducted in, in a way that we kind of are accustomed to with elections and the results are respected. Let's uh, imagine we have a Democrat in 2028. Let's do the math there. The feds will still own these two giant detention centers, right? The way that immigration, in my experience, works is like, it only seems to move in one direction.

• 1:12:55Speaker 06

  Mm hmm.

• 1:12:56Speaker 04

  I guess like, this is why this is such a concern.

• 1:13:00Speaker 06

  They're saying themselves, DHS is saying themselves that this is a deliberate strategy to make their detention build out more permanent. And, and harder to roll back with the changing political winds, right?

• 1:13:12Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:13:13Speaker 06

  And so they're, they're acknowledging that, that that's what they're trying to do.

• 1:13:16Speaker 04

  That's not great. Yeah. Yeah. But uh.

• 1:13:18Speaker 06

  But yeah, so it's from their own mouths, right? So.

• 1:13:20Speaker 04

  Yeah, deeply concerning. I wonder though, like, previously they've had a practice of moving people out of San Diego County. Like, I guess a practice is the wrong word. There is like a number of incidents that I'm aware of where they've moved people away from their lawyer in San Diego County, right?

• 1:13:38Speaker 06

  Mm hmm.

• 1:13:38Speaker 04

  To a detention facility like Dilly or somewhere in Texas or somewhere like that. I guess I wouldn't make that impossible. It did the same as it was before. It'd just be from a federal prison to a private prison, maybe.

• 1:13:48Speaker 06

  Well, it's a less favorable federal jurisdiction, right? A district. So.

• 1:13:52Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:13:53Speaker 06

  In San Diego, I would say probably it's a more favorable outcome to go before a federal district judge in San Diego for a possible habeas petition. And to slow down the process as, as far as being deported, right? I think that that probably happens faster in a federal district in Texas than it would here.

• 1:14:11Speaker 04

  Yeah, yeah.

• 1:14:12Speaker 06

  I, I have heard a lot from families about family members being moved out to, you know, these very remote. I mean, there's been an effort for a long time to make sure that these facilities are set up in very remote areas.

• 1:14:24Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:14:25Speaker 06

  Of California and in other parts of the country, in remote areas that are hard for advocates, hard for attorneys, hard for journalists like me to get to, to report what's going on in them. You know, it's, it's like six hours to get to California city. As a drive, I've made way more times than I want to now at this point, right? So, um, you know, it does, it, it does impact the amount of resources that people can be connected to. It is the biggest expense that ICE has is moving people around the country. I remember Senator Padilla did say like, i- i- it seems sort of illogical, the way they're moving, like they're moving people from California, out of California while they're moving people.

• 1:15:01Speaker 04

  Oh, yeah.

• 1:15:02Speaker 06

  In other places into California. And it seems illogical, the way they're moving people around, but the impact of that, I don't know what their purpose or their intention is of doing that. But the impact of it is, is it really disorients people, right? It's like, where am I? What am I doing? What, what are the rules here? How do I get my phone card set up? It, it takes them days where they're kind of pushed back on their heels, trying to figure out what the system and the guards and the new place where they go. And then, like I said, it's definitely makes it harder for people when they get moved around to these different facilities. And it's something that we're definitely seeing happen a lot more. Uh, definitely hearing it from a lot of families in LA. They have concern about people being moved way out to California city, which is like in the middle of the Mojave Desert, right? It's hard for families to get out there.

• 1:15:47Speaker 04

  Yeah, yeah. It's like, it's up in Kern County, I think, right? But like, it's a hike from anywhere, from any major population center in California. It's a long drive.

• 1:15:56Speaker 06

  Yeah. It's like an hour and 40 minutes from like the farthest eastern community in LA. Like Chirla, they have an office in like eastern LA and it, I think it was like an hour and 20 to an hour and 40 to get to that office from California city. So it's just, it's just remote. It's in the middle of nowhere, you know?

• 1:16:13Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:16:13Speaker 06

  And if you think about where, where would I put a place that's in the middle of nowhere where I'd have the least amount of oversight, right? Like that, that's the place. Like, that's definitely where you would pick.

• 1:16:23Speaker 04

  Yeah, definitely. Compared to like Otoa Mesa Detention Center, there are many bad things about what happens there, but like it is relatively close. People can get to it. There are almost always people there, like outside, if, if someone is released or people protesting what's happening there. Like you say, like it's hard even to do things like, uh, for someone to get money on their, on their phone card or like, someone I've reported on many times on the show was detained at Dilly. And like, it's difficult to work out how to like put money on their commissary so they can buy food, because the food they get is absolutely awful and things like this. And then every time you move that, that's different again, right? Like it's.

• 1:16:57Speaker 06

  Mm hmm. I was talking to an individual in El Salvador and, and they were saying that, you know, they were moved around maybe nine times before they were deported. And each time they got to the different facility, it was like, well, where am I? And who, who are, who are kind of the leaders in this, in this place? Or like, who, who do I talk to? Cause I need to get, I need to get this worked out. And sometimes they wouldn't even be able to get the phone card set up before the next time they got loaded back on a bus to go somewhere else.

• 1:17:26Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:17:26Speaker 06

  To even let their family know where they are. And that's why it's so concerning that ICE is going around opening facilities. Like we had one facility open, I think also in Kern County. It's like right next to Golden State Annex. So it's like kind of part of that property.

• 1:17:38Speaker 04

  Okay.

• 1:17:38Speaker 06

  But they didn't tell anybody, right? Like, nobody knew that this facility was open until we reported on it opening. And, you know, if you're a family member and you're looking on that ICE detainer, you're trying to find your family member. If we have these, you know, almost, almost like black site ICE detention facilities opening up that nobody knows are running, how are you going to find your family member if it's not even listed there in the facilities, right?

• 1:18:02Speaker 04

  Mm hmm.

• 1:18:02Speaker 06

  I mean, there's been a lot of reporting about how sometimes people are disappearing into these systems. But that's one of the reasons why California has tried to set these laws to say like, you have to give the public a certain amount of notice before you open a new facility so that people are aware that it's coming and they can have an opportunity to, you know, say, go to the California City Council meeting and, and make their opposition known. But we've seen that both ICE and the private detention companies have, in some cases, been able to find ways around those rules.

• 1:18:31Speaker 04

  Yeah. One of, I guess, the interesting things that we have seen in the last, maybe six months even, maybe some, somewhere that mostly this year, right? It's like communities coming together to oppose these things and data centers.

• 1:18:45Speaker 06

  Right.

• 1:18:46Speaker 04

  Or like across a wide swath of American politics. And there's a lot of the folks organizing in social circle and not people who I think would generally identify as progressive politically, but they, they were opposed to all the local consequences as well as the like abuses that happen in these detention centers. Like, it's definitely getting harder, I guess, for them to build from scratch detention centers, right?

• 1:19:10Speaker 06

  That's correct. I mean, some of these, when, at the beginning of the year, when they had the warehouse plan and they were planning some of these mega detention centers, which like they were trying to hold, you know, 10 to 12,000 people, which is

• 1:19:22Speaker 04

  Crazy.

• 1:19:22Speaker 06

  More than Rikers, right? Right, yeah, like the largest would be the largest facility anywhere. And, you know, they were talking about even making their own wastewater treatment plants, bringing in their own services because the cities where the local municipalities wouldn't be able to handle the influx of people, of employees, of, you know, the, the roads, all the, all the different services. And so I think that's one of the things that people are realizing is that these properties have an impact outside of just the people that they're detaining, right? They have an impact, a ripple effect on the entire community. And I think people are becoming aware of that now.

• 1:19:59Speaker 04

  Yeah, definitely. And it seems like, uh, yeah, that they're, they're trying to do other things. I know they sold some of those warehouses at a loss as well, but it, it doesn't matter in the, in the grand scheme of how much money they have.

• 1:20:09Speaker 06

  Yeah, they have to get rid of $45 billion. So they really aren't, aren't stressing the, the losses, you know? It's a, a weird problem to have, but they feel like they have to spend this $45 billion or it's kind of like use it or lose it if they don't buy the next, I think by, I think it's three years that they have.

• 1:20:25Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:20:26Speaker 06

  So I think we will see them buying more properties for sure. I think, uh, they really have their eye on Adelanto. Um, I set a script that like scans the SEC to like automatically alert me if any of those companies sell anything, right?

• 1:20:41Speaker 04

  Oh, cool.

• 1:20:42Speaker 06

  The other thing to keep in mind too about this is, you know, the federal government doesn't pay local and state taxes. So where they go into these small cash-strapped cities like California City and say, hey, you're going to get $2 million a year in tax revenue from this facility opening. And that's how, kind of how they convince, or like they try to win over the local politicians with, hey, we need this money, we need this facility to lower our water bills and stuff like that. But none of that is gonna, it's like a bait and switch, right? They're not going to be getting that $2 million tax revenue anymore because, uh, you know, other than the income tax of the employers, maybe that might, but yeah. So that's another, you know, part of it.

• 1:21:21Speaker 04

  Yeah, yeah. Bait and switch is a good way to describe it. Like, people think they're getting one thing and they end up getting another thing.

• 1:21:37Speaker 04

  You talked about the employers, like when these facilities change hands, will it then be like federal employees or will they still be staffed by CoreCivic?

• 1:21:48Speaker 06

  Yeah, so that's the, that's the interesting thing is the federal government is going to own the real estate, but CoreCivic has said in its SEC filings that it expects, it thinks that it's going to be keeping those contracts to continue operating the facilities. So the, the contract for California City runs through August 2027. The one for Ota Mesa is supposed to end in 2029, but there's an option to extend it another five years. And my impression is that ICE is, is quite happy with the way CoreCivic is running these facilities and Geo Group is running these facilities. So that would mean the same guards, the same medical directors, uh, the same kind of operations and day to day, uh, at both facilities.

• 1:22:31Speaker 06

  And they plan on keeping their existing management contracts. Now, they have knowledge, they acknowledge in the SEC filing that there's no guarantee that they get to keep it. But that's, it sounds like that's the deal that they've worked out and negotiated with the federal government.

• 1:22:44Speaker 04

  Sure, like even when they've done these, like they stood up that one Camp East Montana, they call it, which is still run by a contractor even though it's on Department of Defense land. And the, the conditions there are atrocious from, from what we saw with the Inspector General report, and it doesn't seem to be a concern.

• 1:23:02Speaker 06

  Yeah, that's the one outside of El Paso.

• 1:23:04Speaker 04

  Yeah, on Bliss.

• 1:23:05Speaker 06

  I've seen it.

• 1:23:06Speaker 04

  The tent camp.

• 1:23:07Speaker 06

  Oh, okay, outside of Port Bliss, yeah, the white tent camp, yeah.

• 1:23:10Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:23:10Speaker 06

  You know, seems like they're violating their own rules, right? When they, they have these rules, they have these set of standards that they have set up. And that's the first thing CoreCivic or Geo will say is like, hey, we follow all the federal standards that are set up for us, right? For detention standards.

• 1:23:24Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:23:25Speaker 06

  But it seemed especially with that one that you're mentioning, that they violated all their own standards and setting that place up.

• 1:23:31Speaker 04

  Yeah, yeah. I mean, that place is, is particularly egregious, like even among immigration detention facilities, some of the stuff in the Inspector General's report was, uh, genuinely shocking. And I, I thought I'd lost the capacity to be shocked by this stuff. But yeah, there's lots of terrible things have happened. Like, I think you reported on the, the Mongolian person, right? Who was, um, who used sign language and was detained for, I think, months without an interpreter, if I'm, if I'm remembering correctly.

• 1:23:56Speaker 06

  Right, yeah. He had never gotten a chance to even tell his story on how he had crossed the border because CBP had like really confused his story. He was telling them about his sister and they thought that that it was his daughter. And they were using like a, I don't know, AI, some kind of online translation thing that was not even close to what his actual story was. And, yeah, he spent months without able to tell anybody what happened to him. And, you know, finally, yeah, after we did our story, like finally, the ICE attorney was trying to set up like a relay team of translation.

• 1:24:31Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:24:32Speaker 06

  But the federal judge was just said, like, doesn't he have a right to participate in his own proceedings? Like, doesn't, isn't he, shouldn't he be an active participant in, in the proceedings against him, right?

• 1:24:41Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:24:42Speaker 06

  And not just a bystander in that? And then, so then he, the judge ruled that they had to get him. And interpreter, I guess they decided it was too hard to do that because they let him out fairly quickly after that ruling. But yeah, I mean, some of the conditions that we've heard about, I mean, obviously, I think everybody's heard like overcrowding, really severe lack of access to medical care.

• 1:25:02Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:25:02Speaker 06

  The horrific food. We've been hearing about how bad the food is for decades now in there.

• 1:25:07Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:25:07Speaker 06

  You know, uh, smelly moldy waters, particular problem in California City. And just sometimes, just like kind of the retaliation that, uh, people face where if they try to bring an issue up or if they try to

• 1:25:18Speaker 04

  Yep.

• 1:25:19Speaker 06

  You know, advocate for somebody else, they feel like, oftentimes they say, they tell us that they feel like, uh, you know, they get sort of retaliated against, uh, for that. You know, Mesa Verde is one of the, one of the most egregious violations that we've ever heard of, of like the hunger strike, the hunger strikers all got dragged out and, and according to them, you know, beat up or handled very roughly and then taken to Texas and force fed with a tube down their nose, right? Like, yeah, we, there's definitely been some very egregious things that have happened inside these detention centers. And that's why it's so important for people to be able to, you know, especially the Congress members or, and the local state inspectors, it's very important for somebody to be able to get in there and see what the conditions are like inside.

• 1:26:03Speaker 04

  Yeah, this court case doesn't matter anymore, like with this new development, right? The court case, at least it matters in, in other detention facilities, but not in, in Ota Mesa, specifically in San Diego County.

• 1:26:12Speaker 06

  Yeah, it's going to remain to be seen, I think. Like I said, the federal courts have upheld that like state can't overstep their authority and like step on federal authority to carry out immigration enforcement, right?

• 1:26:23Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:26:23Speaker 06

  I think that those health inspectors, they already have done their health inspections. So they already did one and their report, I think, is coming out at the end of July. So there will be that, but, and then I, I think my understanding is San Diego County plans to fight.

• 1:26:36Speaker 04

  Yeah, so I thought they were going to appeal it, yeah.

• 1:26:38Speaker 06

  Yeah, they're trying to, they're going to try to pass the issue in court to see if they can continue going in there and doing their inspections. But like I said, you know, the courts haven't tended to rule that way. And DHS thinks, like, we know from their own statement that they think that this will sort of put an end to, uh, the different inspections and oversight stuff that the state and the local officials want to do.

• 1:27:01Speaker 04

  Yeah, yeah, it's, it's a pretty bleak, pretty big outlook for immigration detention, which was not really a, a great outlook to begin with, I guess.

• 1:27:10Speaker 06

  Yeah, but it's, it's not come 100% decided. Like, it still is an open question whether these inspection laws will survive the federal ownership or not, remains to be seen, I think.

• 1:27:18Speaker 04

  Right, yeah. Uh, you said they, they had plans for other locations. I'm guessing they have plans for Geo Group locations as well. Do you think this is their plan going forward to try and acquire all of these private immigration? They have the money to, I assume.

• 1:27:33Speaker 06

  Yeah, I think everything points to yes on that. I think, uh, CoreCivic said in their statement that they are already in talks with ICE about selling more of their facilities.

• 1:27:43Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:27:43Speaker 06

  Geo Group has said on earnings calls that they would like to sell their facilities. And like you mentioned, you know, DHS definitely has the money, thanks to that massive appropriation, um, from the federal government. So, you know, really, they've already said that it's kind of their preference to outright own them

• 1:28:02Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:28:02Speaker 06

  rather than lease them or have a private company operate them in California.

• 1:28:06Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 1:28:07Speaker 06

  So, yeah, I think we will see more of it and, and I'm definitely You know, trying to monitor it as much as possible to see when that happens.

• 1:28:15Robert Evans?

  I wonder if this also changes the legal environment for people who are either protesting or like they're in a, in a sort of mutual aid capacity for the migrant relief. Sometimes people can hear migrants shouting from inside and they can hear them like asking for someone to put money on their phone card or what have you.

• 1:28:32Speaker 06

  Right.

• 1:28:32Robert Evans?

  Or just describing their conditions relating them. Will it being a federal owned facility? Do you think that changes like, cause it's, it's legal to stand outside a thing, right? But if it's a fed facility, maybe it's even harder.

• 1:28:44Speaker 06

  Yes, I do think it will change. I do think we'll see the federal government trying to crack down harder on protesters that come. You know, I know time based, they had the, the people were putting information about how they were being held in, in bottles and throwing the bottles over the gate.

• 1:28:58Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 1:28:59Speaker 06

  Um, I do think for sure that the federal government will operate differently now that it's federal property. Another thing that's very interesting, you know, they already hold people who are not immigrant detainees in California cities. So they have a section of that facility that are like people who are in the custody of the US Marshals already. So there are already people in there who aren't immigrants. I wonder if we might see more of an effort to detain more people in, in these facilities who are not immigrants, right?

• 1:29:30Robert Evans?

  Yeah, yeah.

• 1:29:30Speaker 06

  Cause they have promises made to CoreCivic and GeoGroup that they are going to try to give them a certain population of detainees per day, right?

• 1:29:38Robert Evans?

  Right.

• 1:29:39Speaker 06

  So that's another part that remains to be seen.

• 1:29:42Robert Evans?

  Yeah, that's also super concerning.

• 1:29:44Speaker 06

  Yeah, it really is super concerning of where it could all go, right? Like especially you see, you know, the federal government calling protesters domestic terrorists and stuff like that. It is really concerning.

• 1:29:56Robert Evans?

  Yeah, and we saw that in like, I was in Minneapolis in like late January and the same thing happens there, right? They have their, their federal building, it's called the Whipple Building. And like they do immigration detention there, but then that was also where people who were detained for protesting against that immigration, those immigration actions were taken, right? They, they, they used the same facility and like, there's a certain kind of menace to that, right? Like, uh,

• 1:30:22Speaker 06

  It's really alarming where it could go if you think about it, right?

• 1:30:24Robert Evans?

  Yeah, it's really, uh, really concerning. Like this is one of those things that's very little people can, can do much about, right? It's a like willing seller, willing buyer kind of situation where unfortunately like there's pretty few means for address. Like I hope California is successful with being able to inspect them. At least that would be something. And I know there are lots of really good groups doing work to keep people out of detention, to help with habeas, to, uh, to improve conditions in detention, et cetera. So like people can, uh, can help out those groups if they want to. Yeah, it does seem like this is a particularly kind of bleak area of immigration enforcement right now.

• 1:31:05Speaker 06

  Right. And especially since, you know, one of the first things that Trump did is shut down the mechanisms that people can appeal or report, like, you know, when you have a complaint about something that's happened to you within immigration detention.

• 1:31:19Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 1:31:20Speaker 06

  You can, you complain about it either to the Office of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties. There's another DHS and, and both of those have been shut down right now and not funded right now. So those mechanisms with which you can get any oversight from within the federal government right now are not operating.

• 1:31:36Robert Evans?

  Yeah, yeah. It's OIDO, the other one.

• 1:31:39Speaker 06

  Yeah, that might be it. Yeah, that's right.

• 1:31:41Robert Evans?

  Yeah, I, uh, I've seen them precisely once. Wendy, if people want to follow your work, you've done lots of good stuff on, on California. Cal Matters does some really good reporting. You had great reporting about the, uh, Operation Return to Sender, for example, back when that was shocking.

• 1:31:56Speaker 06

  Thank you so much. Yeah.

• 1:31:58Robert Evans?

  How can people find you?

• 1:31:59Speaker 06

  Yeah, that's right. Um, so all our stories are there on calmatters.org. Thank you for that. And then our, our Operation Return to Sender documentary is on YouTube, so you can find that there. We did a lot of work to show kind of what Bovino was saying and what was actually happening on the ground. So that's a really good one to watch.

• 1:32:18Robert Evans?

  Yeah. And you guys publish also in Spanish, right?

• 1:32:21Speaker 06

  Yes, we do. More recently, we started translating more of our, uh, stories into Spanish so that folks who want to read it in Spanish can find that there too.

• 1:32:30Robert Evans?

  Yeah, that's great. That's, uh, super nice.

• 1:32:32Speaker 06

  And I speak fluent Spanish. If people need to contact me in Spanish, I can communicate there too.

• 1:32:37Robert Evans?

  Nice. Yep. And there's a contact link for you on the website. I'm guessing if people want to talk to you about some of this stuff, right?

• 1:32:42Speaker 06

  Absolutely. Or yeah, I can just share my email for sure. It's [email protected] and I am always hoping to hear from people so we can do more in-depth reporting about what's going on inside these facilities. So thank you so much for that opportunity to share that.

• 1:32:55Robert Evans?

  Yeah, of course. Thanks for, uh, for doing this. Thanks for taking the time to talk to us.

• 1:32:59Speaker 06

  Anytime.

• 1:33:08Speaker 01

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  Welcome to It Could Happen Here. I'm Garrison Davis. For the past few weeks on executive disorder and some regular episodes of this show, most notably the DSA Red Scare, I've been covering the ongoing battle for the future of the Democratic Party, spurred on by a recent wave of electoral victories by DSA in Pennsylvania, Colorado, and most notably, New York City, where last month, the DSA doubled their block of socialists in office. This episode is another installment in this informal series. And this time we are going straight to the source by talking with the co-chair of the New York City Chapter of DSA,

• 1:36:26Speaker 06

  Grace Mauser, in an interview where we talk about everything from the chapter's electoral strategy to their theory of power and what organizers can learn from New York City DSA's recent string of success. So without further ado, here is my interview with Grace Mauser, co-chair of NYC DSA.

• 1:36:50Speaker 06

  To start on like the most like broad picture aspect, what is the Democratic Socialist of America?

• 1:36:58Speaker 06

  If people are not super familiar with like what the organization actually is, or what the point of the organization is. Sure. Thanks so much for having me. So DSA, Democratic Socialists of America, is a political organization. Legally, we're a nonprofit. We're a 501(c)(4), which enables us to engage in a lot of different types of campaigns, including electoral campaigns. But also, we're very involved in labor work, and we often partner with unions and with rank-and-file workers for both internal union reform purposes and external demands. We do issue-based campaigns.

• 1:37:41Speaker 06

  For example, in New York City, our Immigrant Justice Working Group ran a very successful effort to conduct know-your-rights trainings earlier this year. That trained over 5,000 people in the city. So we do a lot of different types of things, including social things. We have like book clubs and softball leagues and things like that. The Run Club is a very formidable political group in this city. The Run Club is very popular. It's true. It's true. They've really taken off. And how we are structured is that there is a national DSA, so a national organization.

• 1:38:20Speaker 06

  And then there are, I believe, over 200 chapters all across the country. New York City is by far the largest, I think, or more than twice as large as the next biggest, which is LA. And the chapters engage in localized work, but then we also try to have participation from chapters on national campaigns and questions. I would say we're, you know, we're not a party, not usually Americans, but some people are, call us a party or think we're a party. We don't have a ballot line, but we do run people in primary elections, usually in Democratic primaries,

• 1:39:02Speaker 06

  because we want our members to select and endorse candidates that they think will represent not only their interests, but the interests of a broader working class space. And then we want people who are elected to actually collaborate with DSA and other outside organizations in a real and serious way that the Democratic Party simply does not encourage and sometimes even tries to stop. So obviously, within the name of DSA, there's democratic socialism, socialism more kind of broadly. What does DSA mean by socialism? I mean, I've seen multiple articles, specifically

• 1:39:45Speaker 06

  in The Atlantic, really, really concerned about what socialism means and the quote-unquote Trotskyist tactics that DSA is employing. There's been a whole bunch of media coverage, being scared of, you know, communism and socialism. But what does like DSA mean by socialism? So DSA is what we call a big tent organization. There are a lot of different ideologies that our members embrace. Some people are more social democrats that you might find to be the standard in some European countries. Some people identify as communists, for example.

• 1:40:24Speaker 06

  So what we mean by socialism, we try to make really concrete and demand-based. We're looking at things like universal healthcare, passing bills like Medicare for All. We are trying to make housing more affordable by expanding the role of government in the housing market through things like what Zaron Mumdani just helped do, freezing the rent. We are trying to make universal childcare free, right? Like, public education, as it currently exists, is functionally socialist, right? It's the government providing free education and childcare

• 1:41:04Speaker 06

  for millions of children. And for some reason, it arbitrarily starts at five years old. We're saying, what if we had that, but a little bit sooner? So we try to center our demands on these really material ideas. One, because it enables not only leftists of all different stripes, but all sorts of people to come in and identify with these ideas because they know it would help their lives, but also because running these things will take a very long time. So my day-to-day is not so much concerned with what the economy should look like in 100 years, but what we can achieve in the next five, 10, 20 years.

• 1:41:49Speaker 06

  And, you know, even if, I'm not a communist, but if I were, we're not going to be communist in 10 years, right? So what matters is actually making people's lives better now and using the government to do that, which, you know, American politicians, socialists and not, have done for many decades before. You were talking about like how DSA is organizing to like, see what the country could be like in like five to 10 years. And I think something that people might not be aware of is the past work that New York City DSA has done the past five to 10 years, right? I think people certainly saw or were drawn to DSA around the election of Zaron and, you

• 1:42:30Speaker 06

  know, maybe this most recent like slate win. But this has been kind of a long-term project of like building power and experimenting with electoral strategy and canvassing and like this specific path to victory. So could you speak a little bit how NYC DSA has achieved like this winning streak, especially like in the past year and like the buildup to that winning streak? Definitely. New York City DSA really got serious in 2016, both because many people were inspired by Bernie Sanders, and then many people were horrified by the ultimate

• 1:43:09Speaker 06

  victory of Donald Trump in that presidential election. In 2017, we took on our first electoral races in the modern era. There was two city council races. We lost both of those, but we did learn a lot. And we gained new members, Zaron Mumdani, via one of those races. But something we learned is that we could certainly run field campaigns, and by field, I mean canvassing and door knocking. But we also saw that, hey, actually, a lot of the skills that are required in other parts of the campaign, like communications, political maneuvering,

• 1:43:49Speaker 06

  fundraising and budgeting, these are also things we think that our members can do. And we really tested that out in 2018. We endorsed AOC that year, but in some ways, the bigger chapter project was fully a sell-in at our state senate race, where we had members not only on staff, but also basically helping in a volunteer capacity almost every aspect of that race. And we won. So from there, we learned that we could teach ourselves and begin to replicate the skills of not only canvassing, but all these other skills that

• 1:44:29Speaker 06

  the political class and the consulting class in particular want to believe that they have a monopoly on, that they're so hard to understand that you simply must pay them tens of thousands of dollars. So we have built up from there. We have now 16 socialists in office at the state legislature level, not only in New York City, but also in Mid-Hudson Valley and in Buffalo. And we have four city council members and now three congress members. Some of those came post-Zaron, but most of them came pre-Zaron. And it was just really nose-to-the-grind-stone

• 1:45:10Speaker 06

  kind of work, knocking on a lot of doors, replicating skills, fundraising from small-dollar donors. And we lost some of our races. I think we've probably lost a little less than half of the races we've won, but we took some big swings, but strategic swings. So these kind of skills developed over time and really formed the foundation and the backbone of Zaron's campaign. So for many, Zaron seemed to come out of nowhere. But his first campaign event, his field launch in December of 2024, when no one had really heard of him as a

• 1:45:50Speaker 06

  serious candidate, had 500 people at it, which I would guess is bigger than any other candidate had at any point in the race. And that's because DSA members knew him, were really excited about what this meant, and also knew exactly what kind of work would be required to make this race successful. And it was work of basically building out huge infrastructure and knocking on millions of doors so that we could talk to voters. Yeah. One of the most impressive things is this sort of like, like, parallel campaign structure that DSA has developed, that you don't need to go through the regular channels

• 1:46:32Speaker 06

  of like consultants, sort of like inside baseball of politics. And people often get very confused about like what the word like "party" means, right? Because "party" in, you know, Europe is something very different than what it means in the US. But in terms of running in primaries, the DSA often has to go up against the party infrastructure of the Democratic Party establishment itself. And the fact that DSA has been able to, especially in the past two years, like, out-organize the local political establishment, has been like one of the most impressive feats. And like, I've been able to see this in person. I'm in Brooklyn. In the, you know, the past two months, I had multiple DSA canvassers come to my door. I received a truly absurd amount of mailers. There was, you know, people

• 1:47:14Speaker 06

  canvassing on the sidewalk, you know, all the time, you know, same thing, same thing in Ridgewood in Queens. A lot of canvassers there, especially going into the mayoral race. Something that's stuck in my mind a lot is, I used to live in Atlanta, some like friends of friends, people I didn't know, but people I kind of loosely knew of, were paid to do canvassing for the 2024 presidential election for the Democratic Party. They were basically just operating kind of like a scam. Like, they did not actually do any of the work. They basically sat in like a parking lot and scrolled on their phone. And something that makes the DSA's form of canvassing so different is that the people who are actually involved in it actually care about the political project, right? They're actually like invested in these candidates, invested in, you know, putting forward this like working-class politics

• 1:47:57Speaker 06

  and are not just getting a paycheck from the DNC. And that changes the way that they do canvassing on the ground. I know this is something that you refer to as like the DSA difference. Could you guys briefly touch on like what the DSA difference like represents? Yeah, it really, for me, starts from the endorsement process, which is very long and quite rigorous, but also extremely democratic. And because of that, people

• 1:48:24Speaker 06

  Really feel bought in to the races that we endorse. I mean, if you come to an endorsement forum, it's said over and over again, if you would not personally be interested in canvassing for this candidate, do not vote to endorse. And that's a kind of an easy standard we try to share with members. On top of a lot of strategy and data consideration, and there's a lot of things that go into it. But core is that, like, will you go to this? If not, how can we expect others to? That initial buy-in, that initial ownership that members have over what races we run and why,

• 1:49:08Speaker 06

  really extends then into the entirety of the campaign. So our campaigns do have staff, and of course, larger campaigns have more staff. But we also have a practice of really elevating volunteers who show capacity and interest to be more engaged in strategy. So canvassers are also strategic actors. That's sort of the first rung of engagement. I mean, canvassing could just be like, oh, go out and do this. But we really actively seek to create a feedback loop between canvassing and other parts of the campaign. So not only is canvassing data, of course, very critical

• 1:49:52Speaker 06

  and tracking ID progress and things like that, but we also teach our field leads to lead canvases to solicit feedback and to systematize that feedback. What are you hearing on the doors? Did you meet anyone interesting? Should we follow up with that person? And I've seen in real time, our messaging overall changed because of feedback that canvassers are getting on the doors. From the next rung, if a canvasser is really great and excited, we often encourage them to become a field lead. These are pretty intensive and high responsibility jobs. So these people manage logistics. They run trainings.

• 1:50:36Speaker 06

  They move materials around. If there are problems or questions that come up during a canvas or after, they're the first point of contact for these volunteers. They're really quite skilled leaders. And we try to create as many of these people as possible. And that's kind of the next rung of engagement. From there, it sort of varies from campaign to the campaign. But on most of the campaigns that I've seen, you have robust volunteer teams around all of these functional areas. There's a fundraising team who are trying to execute not only comms and digital strategy, but also peer-to-peer fundraising and house parties.

• 1:51:21Speaker 06

  There is a communications team, who, yes, works closely with staff often, but is drafting and helping produce a level of content that, you know, if you're a state assembly race and you have two staffers, it's pretty hard to produce as much content as you might want. Yeah, yeah, yeah. There's research who are helping do oppo and helping figure out what stories we might be able to place in the press. So these areas that can be pretty opaque in some ways and are not often a visible part of the political process, we really try to open up and invite people into. And then we talk openly about that

• 1:52:02Speaker 06

  in our debriefs and also in our endorsement forums themselves. And I guess something else that people might not be fully aware of, there's kind of like two ways of like fielding candidates. Candidates can be DSA endorsed, and then you can have DSA members who then run for office. And for the people who are more kind of like outside of the organization, but seek a DSA endorsement. If they secure it, they then get access, right, to this, to this, this whole, like, on-the-ground, like, organizing network. And that can be very appealing. But there's certain things that endorsement is like contingent on in terms of like platform. As you said, it's a pretty, it's a pretty intensive process, actually, to get a DSA endorsement.

• 1:52:53Speaker 06

  After the series of victories New York DSA has had the past few months, has that affected the size of the membership? In like any like notable ways? Is it like, is that grown the amount of on-the-ground volunteers? Like, whatever the next campaigns are? Oh, absolutely. I mean, of course, we are, we are subject to like macro political trends, right? We see large jumps when there's a presidential election, like we saw in 2016. I saw it again in 2020 and then 24. But, you know, not every campaign results in a huge membership boost. I think they do all result in a large capacity boost because even if we're not gaining new people numerically,

• 1:53:38Speaker 06

  we're expanding the skill set of people who are there. But last year, certainly, we gained a lot of, a lot of members. Between the time that Zaron announced his campaign in the fall of 2024, and now, we've almost tripled in size in New York City. And between the primary elections this year, so June 23, and today, so about a month, we have gained over 1,000 members. So we are obviously helped along by like high-profile wins, too, that the media is really interested in covering. And then we get kind of more eyeballs on, on our ideas

• 1:54:21Speaker 06

  and more interest in the project overall. So there are some, some wins that result in a lot of members. But every win, I think, expands capacity. And even losses expand capacity because we're teaching people these skills and we're able to better replicate ourselves for future cycles. I'm sure as most people are aware, we are right in the middle of like a huge debate right now over the future of the Democratic Party. And, you know, this debate's being waged online. It's being waged in the newspaper, on TV, news TV, and most importantly, right, in the primaries, right? And then eventually, the general elections. You know, it seems like every week, The Atlantic has a new article out

• 1:55:05Speaker 06

  about how scary the democratic socialists are. As I mentioned, I think today, they put out a brand-new article about like the secret like Trotskyism of DSA. I saw that, which, I mean, all these articles suggest to me that they neither understand DSA nor do they understand the history or ideology they're comparing us to. Yeah. But it's been really interesting, especially after the wins in New York and Colorado and Pennsylvania, hopefully in Wisconsin. But this past month, we've seen more and more like establishment Democrats join people like President Trump and Fox News in effectively declaring war on the DSA and like the left wing of the party.

• 1:55:50Speaker 06

  And, you know, there's this idea that you see in The Atlantic, Washington Post, that, you know, communists and socialists are taking over the Democratic Party. But I think for a chunk of the people listening to this show, their concerns are probably more of the opposite, that by running as a Democrat, these democratic socialist candidates risk being captured and like brought into the very party establishment that they're trying to oppose. I guess I'd like you to speak on like, what is the nature of the DSA's relationship to the Democratic Party? Yeah. I mean, the thing about the Democratic Party that I think a lot of media and political pundits miss is that there's no one to have a relationship with, right? Like, the Democratic Party is three boys in a suit.

• 1:56:35Speaker 06

  Like, there's no one to talk to. That's why they can't act like a party does in Europe. I mean, of course, there are electoral and ballot reasons for that as well. But the Democratic Party does not really organize either voters who are Democrats, right? Like, no one has ever attempted to organize me as a Democrat because I am a registered Democrat. Nor is there really a serious effort to organize democratic elected officials as a block and move in the same direction. Like, that infrastructure simply doesn't exist. So I feel like the risk of being captured

• 1:57:19Speaker 06

  is only a risk insofar as DSA does not try to keep our own people organized and acting as a block, which is very much central to our project. And in New York City, for example, we have weekly meetings with both our state legislators and our city council members. And now we have regular meetings with administration officials as well in the mayoral administration that try to keep us all on the same page when we have a big project that we're moving on together, like Tax the Rich was this last legislative session. We do really active organizing in those meetings.

• 1:58:01Speaker 06

  Like, okay, have you talked to your colleague about this bill? Will they move? Do we need to pressure them some way from the outside? Or do you think you'll get somewhere in internal conversations? So to me, I, I don't feel worried about being captured by the Democrats because the Democrats don't have the infrastructure to capture people. The people who can capture you are like moneyed interests, right? Big corporations. Yeah. And sure, sometimes they act through the Democratic Party. But for us, that's such a clear red line that I I don't feel super concerned about it. The more complicated questions are not so much of of capture, but of of when do we compromise?

• 1:58:47Speaker 06

  Right? Sure. We could be a block of people who vote no on every budget, right? Every state budget, every city budget is politically compromised. It's not enough. They never tax the rich enough. They never fund public services enough. Yeah. It's it's never good. But if we always say no, then can we get any any wins? What kind of wins are the, you know, the non-reformist reforms we might be looking for? And deciding that collectively doesn't mean our choice is always correct. But I think it's much more likely to be correct than if we let even someone who's a committed democratic socialist

• 1:59:29Speaker 06

  kind of go out on their own and try to make those decisions by themselves. The collectiveness and the connection to DSA, I think, is the biggest barrier to the capture that people are worried about. Whereas if we just say no to everything, if we ran as third party, I think, well, if we ran as third party, I don't think we'd ever win. But if we just say no to everything and our orientation is as like a morally upstanding group that doesn't achieve anything, I think we lose our credibility, not only in the eyes of like the political class and of other politicians, but in the eyes of voters.

• 2:00:12Speaker 06

  Right now, we can look at a voter, have a conversation on a door about how we are a different type of politician. Because look at what Zaron has already done. Zaron froze your rent. Yeah. We are the group behind Zaron. Don't you want more people like him? And if Zaron hadn't frozen the rent, that would be a much harder conversation to have. No, it is really easy to point to the like the delivering of goods and be like, yeah, this is what we are about. And this is actually, you know, improving the lives of workers and like that is what matters. What else is this whole project for? I can understand that, you know, people are concerned with like the idea of like holding politicians accountable. Right? Holding politicians accountable to this, you know, working class platform that they're running on,

• 2:00:55Speaker 06

  that they were elected to represent, that the organizing put them into office to fulfill. But I think one of the biggest ways to do that is through a mass membership organization like DSA. Because not only does it provide, you know, campaign infrastructure, which could help them get reelected if they stick to this vision, but it also provides this sort of like, like, like social bond, this internal process to stay being tethered together while they are serving or occupying a seat of power. And once you're occupying a seat of power, there is obviously constraints on that power. And there's going to be contradictions that arise. And I think a lot of people, especially online, view those contradictions as like a bad thing. It's like a reason to not engage in this project.

• 2:01:40Speaker 06

  Alternatively, I think those contradictions are actually very often a good thing. Like this, that is a sign that history is in progress, that we are actually moving forward and we're going to seek to resolve those like over time. And dealing with those contradictions is good in the sense that we have to deal with them. We actually, we are at a point in our strategy where this is something to be dealt with as opposed to not engaging in this sort of strategy like at all. Right? And the power that a politician has that is running on a working class platform, their power comes from the working class and the the DSA is a manifestation of that. And DSA can be an anchor. But I think there also is these like questions of like this, like long term vision. Right? If DSA candidates are just going to have to like administer capitalism in a more equitable way,

• 2:02:24Speaker 06

  or if there really is like this, the kind of bigger vision to increase the power of the working class towards some sort of, you know, ultimate class struggle for socialism. And I guess like, is that like balance in their heads between this sort of like equitable administration and like this ultimate class struggle? Yeah, it certainly is. I mean, thinking about how we actually permanently change power structures and not just kind of mitigate harm, I think is one of the things that separates a socialist from a progressive. Sure. Some ideas that I'm really excited about that I would point to that that do some of this. This didn't pass, but I think something like the Pro Act. Absolutely.

• 2:03:09Speaker 06

  Would that expand and makes it easier for workers to organize themselves and empowers unions is part of that structure and central to what what democratic socialists want to do. In fact, right now, actually in New York City, there is a bill held by city council member Tiffany Caban, who's a DSA member and a city socialist in office called the Delivery Protection Act that would functionally make it extremely difficult for Amazon to consider last mile delivery workers as individual contractors. Yeah. And force them to be employees of Amazon, which one makes sense.

• 2:03:52Speaker 06

  Like, it's crazy that all these people in Amazon trucks that you see all the time are contractors. Yeah. When functionally they're not, everything that they have to do is controlled by Amazon. And doing that, we're partnering with the Teamsters on it because doing it would make those workers unionizable. Yes. And that's a huge workforce in New York City. So that's kind of the labor example. Another piece that I'm really excited about. So yes, Zaron froze the rent. That's an extension of of government power in the market. But one thing that is really promising is that the administration is exploring how to legally

• 2:04:35Speaker 06

  recognize and empower tenant unions in a way that, you know, workers' unions are recognized. So that tenant unions actually have bargaining rights with a landlord. And we don't have all the answers for how that would look. But that's, I think, another example of a type of reform, a type of policy that is explicitly socialist and is actually trying to permanently change the power relationship between tenants and landlords, just as joining a workers' union changes the power relationship between a worker and a supervisor. So I'm I'm not saying we have the perfect answers across all policy areas.

• 2:05:21Speaker 06

  And certainly there are policy areas that socialists will will advocate for and get behind that I would consider more progressive because our country and society is a very harsh environment. Yeah. For many people and mitigating harm is in fact something good to do. Yeah. But it cannot be be the sole thing we do. And backing these types of non-reformist reforms, ideas that change power structures is central to our work. Yeah, I think this this sort of tension between this sort of more like social democratic administration of capitalism and like just pushing for, you know, like the revolution or something is a false dichotomy.

• 2:06:06Speaker 06

  And oftentimes, it can resemble the, this is bad because I'm referencing Twitter, but there's there's this old tweet that's like, don't siege Leningrad, take it immediately. Like, don't build working class power, just do the revolution. But if you look at like where the labor movement in the US is right now, we are so behind where the movement was in the 20s and 30s that allowed workers to extract the New Deal. We have a long way to go to be able to really threaten capital in a serious way. And these minor social democratic policies, rather than being a release valve,

• 2:06:45Speaker 06

  could in fact provide workers more autonomy and the extra time needed to organize and keep building power. Like another thing from Zaron's rent reforms is that the administration is advancing a new rule that landlords could only request proof of income or a credit check, but not both in apartment applications. And like, that would be huge for people, right? Mm hmm. And there is, there's, there's ways to do small stuff like that. Well, also, you know, in a bigger sense, trying to just increase the amount that our society is socialist. Right? That's through public ownership of utilities and key industries, commodifying necessities of life, like housing or food and democratizing the workplace.

• 2:07:28Speaker 06

  I've been yelling about the Protect the Right to Organize Act in my personal life a lot lately. I've been kind of just like evangelizing about the Pro Act because that that is something that like, if that if that gets passed, that would be one of the biggest boosts to working class power that we've seen in probably decades. Yeah. And I mean, having Claire Valdez is a labor organizer. Like, that was her first organizing experience. And Yeah. there's no one like that in Congress right now, you know? So I I don't know that her first move will be the Pro Act, but it's certainly top of mind for her. That kind of relates to one of the last questions I want to get to. But first, let's do one last ad break.

• 2:08:20Speaker 06

  Okay, we are back. How does the DSA actually like communicate with and relate to a broader working class base? Like a like a broader like working class, like coalition, right? Because if this is the politics that DSA is about and this is the class that DSA is trying to like uplift, what exactly is like the nature of the relationship between? Between DSA and the working class. DSA is striving to be a multiracial working class organization. I would say that right now, the majority, if not entirety of our membership, not only in New York City, but also nationally are our working class.

• 2:08:59Speaker 06

  We embrace a pretty broad definition of that because the only way you get class solidarity is by, you know, refraining from nitpicking who is middle class, who's working class, who's working poor, and like separating the interests of those groups and recognizing that basically anyone who relies on their own labor in order to live is working class and they have a lot more in common than the people who live off of their own wealth and that we should be united in basically finding the interests of the uber wealthy who who run our lives and run our economy.

• 2:09:41Speaker 06

  So I would say we're already a working class organization, but we want to become one much bigger and also more diverse, more people in different types of industry, more people from across different demographics. It's trending that way over the last couple of years, but we need to get more of the people who vote for our candidates to also take the plunge into becoming a member and into actively organizing to better their own conditions. So I'm excited about how things are heading in that direction. It's also true that becoming an multiracial working class organization in the US is notoriously

• 2:10:25Speaker 06

  difficult, you know, a country that's divided violently, not only by class divisions, but also by racial ones. So we have a, we have an uphill battle, but I think we're moving in the right direction and voting trends showed that too, like Claire Valdez won a majority of Hispanic election districts in her area. Dariel Lito won a majority of black election districts in her district. So I think we're seeing that these ideas have more and more mass appeal. Yeah. As voters are looking, especially at establishment Democrats, who are really just continuously failing to stand up to Trump. And more people are saying, maybe we need to try something different.

• 2:11:09Speaker 06

  What's, what's this socialism all about? There was an article in New York Times, by the time you're listening to this, like a few weeks ago, looking at like the voting data from the last June primary. And it showed like the divisions in voter behavior between like DSA candidates and either progressive or establishment candidates was not largely divided by race, but rather by age. Yes. And I think that is another significant factor in this. And we're also notably holding on to millennial voters. I mean, trends show that unlike previous generations, millennials tend to stay fairly left as they age, in part perhaps because millennials aren't really gaining wealth as we age.

• 2:11:55Speaker 06

  The capitalist system has nothing to offer them. Yeah. So, yeah, why? Why would you make like the fiscal conservative turn? To close out, a few weeks before the June primary, Canary Mission started getting very scared of the DSA. They put out this big, this big post on, you know, the, the slate candidates. But what's something that I found to be more interesting, rather than just like, you know, talking about who these candidates are, they, they focused a lot on like the organizational structure of New York DSA and how, quote, "New York is the testing ground. The machine is already being built. The machine doesn't stop," unquote, which sounds kind of cool. Yeah, right. They, they made it sound like cool.

• 2:12:40Speaker 06

  If you ignore all of the like horrible, evil parts of the Canary Mission write-up, it kind of makes New York DSA sound pretty cool. How, you know, it has all these members, almost like a hundred thousand volunteers, all these field leads that coordinates with candidates once they get into office and maintains that connection, helps them, helps them stay accountable. It's funny too, they treat it like a big secret, like they're revealing something when like I literally just told you the same thing, right? Like, it's not a secret. But, you know, considering stuff like this and the DSA momentum we're seeing across the country and the reaction it's getting from the GOP, the president and the Democratic Party establishment, what can organizers and, you know, chapters around the country learn from New York City DSA's electoral strategy?

• 2:13:26Speaker 06

  Or like, what's, what's something that I think New York DSA is doing that, that you would like more people to kind of understand or you'd like, you'd like people to like, you know, learn from or to take, take something away from what we've seen in these past few campaigns? Yeah. One thing, especially after Zerran won, that I noticed is a lot of people were really focused on his charisma and his communication strategy, which Zerran is certainly charismatic and his communication strategy was really strong and very intentional. But to me, his communication strategy would have not gone anywhere if, one, he hadn't

• 2:14:10Speaker 06

  been saying something real that people resonated with. I mean, people are not totally fooled by an, an empty charismatic vessel. I mean, otherwise, Jack Schlossberg would have won in New York 12, I think. But also there was an extremely robust field strategy that meant when someone saw a video, was inspired or interested, they could immediately find something to do to act on that feeling. And often they could find something to do basically within a mile and within a week of, of where they lived and what day it was. The core of the Zerran campaign was not communication, it was field.

• 2:14:54Speaker 06

  And building up that structure and that muscle can take a lot of time. You know, it's hard to, to jump from zero to a mayoral race, but it is possible if you build out that kind of deep ownership from like an endorsement process and also a culture of not only valuing volunteers, but really like depending on, on volunteers. The, the campaign doesn't work if volunteers are expendable, if volunteers are treated as like an ancillary, nice to have. It only works if volunteers are both treated and truly are essential.

• 2:15:38Speaker 06

  And that kind of creates a, a culture where people are, are valued, where they become friends, where they keep coming back, where they talk to their friends and family about the campaign, or things spread out from there. So what I would say both to DSA organizers in other parts of the country, but also just general organizers who are interested in, in replicating some of the success, I think culture is, is really key. Centering people who are not staff, who are not the politicians, making sure that the experience of the campaign is actually built around the experience of a canvasser and moving up from there.

• 2:16:21Speaker 06

  And that's how you get a campaign that is not only accountable to the people who are building it, but that's really fun and positive and grounded and people and place and not just in like, kind of ideas and videos and things like that. So, yeah. Yeah. No, there's a real material aspect. It's not this, just like idealistic kind of abstract thing that you're participating in or you believe in. It's a real, like material process. It's a real engagement. One of the funniest things I've seen recently is that there was a Wall Street Journal article where they sent one of their like hit piece writers to attend all these DSA events. And the write-up is essentially, uh, yeah, I had a great time at all these events.

• 2:17:05Speaker 06

  Everyone was really nice. I saw that. Yeah, there was like one of our, one of our incoming assembly members, Yopar Dzupak, was like giving a shout out because he like remembered someone's name. And I'm like, yeah, I don't know, organizers remember people's names. That's, that's a central part of, of our work. Where could people learn more about DSA or New York DSA online or by any other means? So, yes, if you're in New York City or even near New York City, you can go to socialists.nyc. There you can see how to join DSA.

• 2:17:49Speaker 06

  You can look at our events calendar, which is robust. We're at a point where we have basically at least three events every single day that cover a wide range of geographies across the city, but also interests. There's a Run Club event on, on Friday, if, if that's of interest to people. If you're not in New York City, there's almost certainly a chapter where you live. You can go to dsausa.org to join, but also to find your chapter, find out about national work that's going on, especially as it relates to.

• 2:18:29Speaker 03

  Like the ongoing imperialist wars we have, that's often held by national DSA. So definitely encourage everyone to check those things out.

• 2:18:39Speaker 02

  Thank you, Grace, for coming on.

• 2:18:41Speaker 03

  Yeah, thanks for having me.

• 2:18:50Speaker 01

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• 2:19:21Speaker 03

  I'm Melissa Jelton, and in my new podcast, What Happened to Her?, I'm bringing you new stories and conversations every week. Stories about women whose deaths were too quickly ruled a suicide.

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  She was starting to get worried and get scared for her safety.

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  Stories of survival.

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  The only difference between me and her, frankly, was a little bit of luck, because by all rights, I should be dead.

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  Cases that everyone else called closed.

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  They can't convict her, right? Like, she has so much evidence.

• 2:19:54Speaker 03

  These stories all start in the same place, with a woman failed by a system that didn't believe her, that didn't protect her, that didn't see her.

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  No child should ever experience that. And we were babies. She did all of these brave things and came out and spoke about it, and he got a year.

• 2:20:13Speaker 04

  You never know who that devil is because he's wearing a disguise. Sometimes it's a police uniform.

• 2:20:19Speaker 03

  Listen to What Happened to Her? on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 2:20:26Speaker 05

  Didn't catch the latest Roland Martin Unfiltered podcast?

• 2:20:29Speaker 01

  Here's what you missed.

• 2:20:30Robert Evans?

  And the argument is, do you want to win? If you don't win, you have no power.

• 2:20:38Speaker 05

  It's real.

• 2:20:39Robert Evans?

  Those are the very people who I always say, vote against their own economic interests, and they complain about the very thing they're receiving.

• 2:20:45Speaker 01

  It's raw.

• 2:20:45Robert Evans?

  I knew that the issue of transgender athletes was not going well with a lot of black men.

• 2:20:54Speaker 01

  Roland Martin Unfiltered.

• 2:20:55Robert Evans?

  I went off, I said, this is exactly what I'm talking about. Y'all gonna scream at Chanel, but you don't want to see a black luxury company in the same vein.

• 2:21:06Speaker 01

  Catch Roland Martin's daily commentary on the Black Information Network.

• 2:21:09Robert Evans?

  12 seats, those are moving south. So if you Democrats, you don't wait to 2030, you better be hitting the ground going hard in the South now.

• 2:21:19Speaker 05

  And download Roland Martin Unfiltered on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,

• 2:21:24Speaker 01

  or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 2:21:30Speaker 05

  Bradley Whitford-Hop.

• 2:21:32Speaker 02

  This is It Could Happen Here: Executive Disorder, our weekly newscast covering what's happening in the White House, the crumbling world, and what it means for you. I'm Garrison Davis. Today, I'm joined by James Stout and Robert Evans.

• 2:21:44Speaker 04

  Sophie's also here.

• 2:21:45Speaker 02

  Sophie's also here. Allegedly. We were talking West Wing before this, and...

• 2:21:51Speaker 04

  Sophie has been excommunicated.

• 2:21:53Speaker 02

  Sophie said something that Robert will not let us repeat.

• 2:21:56Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 2:21:57Speaker 02

  We legally can't repeat it. You'd all go to prison, and we would be right to send you there. West Wing is in the TV show. Yeah. In this episode, we're covering the week of July 22 to July 29. James, some small things to start.

• 2:22:10Speaker 04

  Yeah, let's do it. So today, on the day that we are recording, which is 29th of July, the United States and Saudi forces conducted strikes inside Iraq at what they are calling Iran-backed terrorists. This comes after Iraqi National Security Advisor earlier this week suggested that Ukraine was responsible for strikes inside Iraq, which is a thing that isn't true. Iran again attempted to target US bases in Jordan today, but at the time of recording, the US military is reporting that its missiles were all intercepted. Iranian strikes on Kurdistan have continued, and Reuters is reporting that Iran is soon to receive Chinese shoulder-fired Manpads, its men-portable air defense system.

• 2:22:56Speaker 04

  Women can use them too, probably not in Iran. But these are part of what Reuters is saying is a recently signed deal between the two states. China, of course, denying it, but that would be very interesting, right? Considering that it was a shoulder-launched Manpads that shot down the jet that triggered the massive ceasefire mission a few months ago.

• 2:23:17Speaker 02

  Yeah, it's always funny when something comes around like this in the history of like military colonialist adventures overseas. You know, it wasn't so long ago that we were sending Manpads into Afghanistan, and the Soviets were going, oh, no, all of our helicopters.

• 2:23:30Speaker 04

  Yeah, yeah.

• 2:23:31Speaker 02

  And yeah, it's just beautiful how cyclical nature is.

• 2:23:34Speaker 04

  Yeah, here we are. Finally, I want to talk about the TPS, Temporary Protected Status for Haitian People. So a few weeks ago, on our Supreme Court special, we spoke about the court case that effectively ended this protected status, right? And it is set to expire this week. We know that this will impact as many as 350,000 people, going with a number from Haitian Bridge Alliance there. A lot of these people, like going back is not an option. It's not in any way going to be safe for them, or they just don't simply have a place to go back to there. Many of these people will have US citizen children, who therefore will not lose CPS, right? But it did sound clear what exactly... I mean, I think the administration probably doesn't give a shit what happens to their children.

• 2:24:19Speaker 04

  I'm going to keep reporting on this. There are already rumors of ICE raids targeting Haitian people. I'm going to try and get some folks on from HBA or one of the other advocacy organizations. But I'm going to wait a little bit just to see how things play out in the next couple of days. But I'm afraid whatever happens won't be great.

• 2:24:35Speaker 02

  The House approved the $1.15 trillion 2027 National Defense Authorization Act, and a 216 to 212 vote, largely on party lines, though six Democrats voted in support. The version of the bill that passed includes Section 219, which expands cooperation between the US and Israeli militaries, specifically the co-development of military technology and joint training and information sharing to deploy jointly-developed technology. The budget contains $750 million for these US-Israel joint programs. The bill's currently stalled in the Senate. Court documents revealed that last October, the Trump administration canceled nearly $8 billion

• 2:25:19Speaker 02

  of clean energy grants by explicitly targeting states whose Electoral College votes went to Kamala Harris in 2024, or who have two senators who caucus with the Democrats. That is Georgia. And lawyers for the Department of Energy just explicitly laid this out in court docs, saying that's how these grants were selected, was on these political lines.

• 2:25:44Speaker 04

  Yeah, incredible.

• 2:25:46Speaker 02

  Last Friday saw the White House Press Correspondents' Dinner take two. President Trump delivered a rambling monologue with what were supposed to be jokes to very tepid reactions from a largely friendly audience. Once again, Trump joked about running for president in 2028. Wolf Blitzer presented an award to The Wall Street Journal and their reporters for their reporting on the Trump-signed Epstein birthday card, sparking a $10 billion defamation suit from the president. As Wolf Blitzer presented the award, Trump laughed from his seat onstage before shaking hands with all the winners. The dinner, which ostensibly is to celebrate the free press and the First Amendment,

• 2:26:31Speaker 02

  took place the same week that the Trump administration subpoenaed New York Times journalists, their spouses, and one of their moms, following Times reporting on the security capabilities of the Qatari-gifted Air Force One. The DOJ withdrew those subpoenas last Thursday after pressure from a federal judge. But that was not the only instance of press freedom coming under attack from the government just this last week. On July 22, the nonprofit newsroom Breakthrough News reported that they received a congressional subpoena from the Republican-controlled House Ways and Means Committee, demanding, quote, "internal communications, financial records, and more." A letter to the outlet from the House committee said they were, quote-unquote, "disturbed by the outlet's connection to..."

• 2:27:16Speaker 02

  "Chinese Communist Party-linked Organizations." And that the committee was investigating connections between "tax-exempt groups" and foreign nations. This was, of course, following the State Department's left-wing terrorism summit that we covered last week, and parallel to Mark Rubio's crusade against Cuba and what he sees as Cuba-aligned left-wing organizations. The People's Forum, a PSL-linked, left-wing, anti-imperialist protest organization in community space in New York City, which was named in Rubio's Cuba report, was also subpoenaed by the House Committee. The People's Forum was one of the organizers of the humanitarian aid

• 2:27:59Speaker 02

  trip to Cuba earlier this year.

• 2:28:02Robert Evans?

  I've got a fun thing to talk about. All right, let's do it. What's fun? There's an article in The Guardian that just came out July 28th that is about this new company based out of Austin called Campus Guardian Angel, which is taking lessons from the Ukrainian war and applying them to US public schools. Specifically, in Ukraine, they've seen a lot of luck in stopping breaches of areas of like the front of trenches and stuff using waves of small drones. Oh, I've seen this video. I know what you're talking about. I haven't. Hit me with it. Come on. I want to see this. These are waves of drones that can launch mace and pepper balls and have like, they've got glass breakers so they can fly through windows? They want to fucking send a drone swarm to stop a school shooter.

• 2:28:47Robert Evans?

  That's what they wanted to do. Yeah, the thing is with a drone swarm, it can't be a coward, which has historically been an issue for the cops, right? It is true. This could work better. The problem is that, in terms of actually stopping school shooters, this actually might be a lot more effective than calling the cops. I'm not going to say I don't think it's possible that this could work. Yeah. But everything about the like press around this says, tells me this company is also building itself as a way that like school administrators can use drones to fuck up kids who misbehave? Sure. No, I can see that being a- That's, that's kind of the, what I'm expecting, right? Yeah. Yeah, you're gonna get maced by a drone. I want to read a quote from the article here. "They could be flown from thousands of miles away and support two-way communication through an embedded speakerphone, allowing the company's response team

• 2:29:30Robert Evans?

  to engage verbally with a threat or communicate to teachers and school staff," Campus Guardian Angel's website stated. "This allows our team in our ops center to communicate to law enforcement officers verbally with messages such as 'Follow me and I'll take you to the suspect,' or 'Open the door and we'll go in and clear the room and I'll tell you what you see.'" And I, it's the whole thing about going after the suspect that I'm, I'm like, I can see this also, just these drones being swarmed after some kid's smoking pot or, or somebody who has like a suspicious looking backpack to some shitty AI like visual identification system that, because you can't have a guy on the cameras at all times. I don't know. I'm, I don't think this is going to wind up saving as many lives as it is causing drone-related assaults in public schools. But I guess we'll see. Fascinating. The video's great. Yeah, I want to see the video. Can I?

• 2:30:16Robert Evans?

  You should, you should look up the video. Campus Guardian Angel. Let's get a live react. Campus Guardian Angel. There you go. And when someone hears that phrase, the first thing that comes to my mind is pedophile. Yeah. Like, that's what I, that's what I'm thinking when I hear some, okay, watch video. The first active shooter suppression service. I'm sure that's true. All right, here we go. Got a couple of cops. Yeah, it's still, it's still blurry. I still can't quite, it's still, wow, it's having a long thing. Okay, here we are, here we are. Okay. Yeah, this does make me think about what if the latency's bad between the camera and the drone operator flying an armed drone through a public school? Okay, we're here. We're watching a bunch of news clips. A bald man is giving a talk. That's the Navy SEAL who runs the, the company.

• 2:30:59Robert Evans?

  Okay, I see. Okay, wow, the drones are moving down the corridor. Fuck me, here they come. Oh, they sit in some little boxes. There's a cop. Cop has a gun. Oh, there's someone in a balaclava. He's surrendering to the drones. He's down. Surrendering to the drones? He's on the ground. From front footage of like Russian soldiers surrendering to drones, so they don't get murked? These guys, okay, there's a, this guy's playing a shooter. He has a BB gun. Couple of drones have got him cornered. He's not shooting at them, though. Cowards, cowards. Okay, here's someone from Seminole County Public Schools. So the drones live in a little box and it opens. And I like that they've done blue lighting. It's like a white box with blue lighting. Like, it's very gamer. It's a little drone carrier?

• 2:31:42Robert Evans?

  Yeah, a little, little drone box. Here he comes. He's breached through the window. Whoa, they're fucking up a dummy. That's the clip, yeah. Look at it go. They've missed. They've missed a few times, I noticed. If you look closely, yeah, sure, way off. He's fucking way off. All right, I'm not, I don't trust these drones about this. They're like, what if there was a child nearby?

• 2:32:01Speaker 02

  No, literally, that was my, my first thought. It was like, this just makes it easier for cops to shoot people accidentally.

• 2:32:07Robert Evans?

  Yeah, or, or an AI drone to shoot someone by accident. They're going after the same dude again. He's running away. Oh, he's cornered. He's gone to ground. He's surrendering.

• 2:32:16Speaker 02

  Wait, it's probably guys that couldn't pass the cop exam. They're the ones flying the drones, yeah.

• 2:32:24Robert Evans?

  In this POV, it looks like someone's manually firing, because the drone has like crosshairs in its video. Now we're seeing the drone's POV. They're coming out of that little box. That's the Navy SEAL in through the window. And he's surrendering as this shooter again. He's surrendering. They haven't really engaged with the hypothetical of what if the shooter doesn't surrender to the drone? Oh, there's flying laps around him. Whoa, they took out the whole dummy. The whole dummy fell over. Okay. Yeah, that's the clip. Wild stuff. Well, and they can strobe them as well, I guess. Wow, there's a lot of cops in tactical gear. None of them have gone in. They've sent the drone in instead. Yeah, that seems realistic. Okay, yeah, the guy's, the guy's like baffled by the number of targets and just lies down, surrenders. This is great.

• 2:33:06Robert Evans?

  I can't see this being used to harass teenagers for doing things that every teenager does. So I wanted to talk a little bit about an article that just came out very recently in The New York Times about a meta data center in Louisiana. Now, obviously, I've talked about data centers a few times in the fairly recent past. I did a dedicated article on the fight against, or the different kind of grassroots activism campaigns against new data center construction. One of the ones that is not really in any danger of being canceled through local protest is a massive Facebook data center in Richland Parish that was originally planned to be like a $10 billion data center and has now ballooned to like a $50 billion project. Facebook was not originally planning to construct in Louisiana.

• 2:33:49Robert Evans?

  They were taking bids back during the Biden administration. I don't think the state was really on the map. But officials, particularly in the very poor county of Richland Parish, had a problem, which is that they had leased 1,444 acres to Toyota to build a factory, but Toyota had decided not to around 2006. I think in part because the factory was proven to be uninsurable because it's a floodplain. So basically, they were like, we're not going to spend billions of dollars in a factory we literally can't insure in a place that's famous for having infrastructure destroyed by hurricanes. Yeah, yeah. So, Richland Parish had a problem. The area was already economically depressed. And InterG, which is a Louisiana state power company, also had an issue, which is that they were not making enough money.

• 2:34:33Robert Evans?

  So their CEO, Philip May, decided he wanted to put Louisiana through as a dark horse contender for this massive fucking meta data center. Yeah. And they wound up winning. And they basically wound up winning through promising to be corrupt on behalf of Meta, right? There was a bill being pushed at the start of 2024. Because like the thing, they offered Meta a bunch of incentives and the only thing they couldn't offer them was like a tax break on the different kind of materials you buy when you're building a data center. And everywhere else that Meta was considering had already offered those. So in April of 2024, Richard Nelson, the state revenue secretary, was kind of helping to shepherd through a bill that was a tax rebate for fiber optic equipment, and they just wound up changing it in two months to a massive tax rebate for data center equipment. Amazing.

• 2:35:18Robert Evans?

  Super fucking corrupt, but also, here's the thing. Nobody in Richland Parish really cares, because these people are incredibly fucking poor and Facebook is bribing basically the entire county. There's some sort of local law they have that if there's like an overfunding in county tax revenue, then like teachers get a bunch of money. And so because of how much money Facebook is pumped in, a bunch of teachers in the parish got like a $50,000 bonus. And that's like the lowest level of what is effectively like legal bribery going on at every level of life in the parish. So I, there's no chance, really, that anyone is going to protest or stop the construction of this. People are enthusiastic because Meta has turned a fire hose of money on one of the poorest counties in the United States. The problem is that, as I've said, the project is really obviously fucking doomed.

• 2:36:02Robert Evans?

  Again, it's uninsurable because it's in a fucking floodplain. And the actual like text of the arrangement that Meta Inc. basically gives them the ability to bounce and leave the project within like four or five years, leaving InterG and a bunch of other Louisiana interests on the hook for this entire massive project if, say, a hurricane comes through and renders the entire site inoperable. So it seems like that's kind of thing that's going to cause a massive problem and like destroy the local economy at some point. But there's so much money being slalomed out to people right now that, that I don't think anything's going to stop that. So I guess we, we hope that the obvious thing doesn't happen, but I kind of think it's going to. Anyway, Louisiana. Nice. Let's talk about the public charge rule.

• 2:36:47Robert Evans?

  So, the Trump administration has announced that it will do away on September the 18th with the DHS rule on public charge determination. That rule came into effect in 2022, so under the Biden administration. They're not making a new rule at this time. They're taking away the old rule. So what we will have to go off now is to text in the Immigration and Nationality Act, and presumably they will issue some guidance soon, right? Whatever guidance they issue is likely to be more restrictive than what we had in 2022 rule, right? They did publish a public notice about this last year, so we knew that this was coming, that they had planned to rescind this rule. And we should talk about what public charge is.

• 2:37:30Robert Evans?

  We can go back to the 1999 guidance, and that's what was clarified in 2022 for a definition. That guidance says that someone who is likely to be, quote, "primarily dependent on the government for subsistence as demonstrated by either the receipt of public cash assistance for income maintenance or institutionalization for long-term care at government expense can be inadmissible to the United States or ineligible for permanent residency." This doesn't apply to some permanent residency applications like SIG, Special Immigrant Juvenile, Green Card applications, TOU visas, asylees or refugees, some other categories, including those in the Violence Against Women Act.

• 2:38:11Robert Evans?

  Public charge has generally been understood to mean cash benefits, right? So SSSI or TANF would be the ones that like, be generally understood to be that if somebody received those DHS, I guess it would be USCIS, could find that they would be inadmissible. Somebody who is found inadmissible for this reason previously could post a bond.

• 2:38:34Robert Evans?

  And still be admitted, right? Just to, the bond is basically saying, I'm not going to be like a burden on the United States state, right?

• 2:38:41Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:38:42Robert Evans?

  We're not exactly clear what they're going to do next, but we can look at the DHS presser for some clues, which says, quote, "Aligning immigration with law and congressional intent that aliens of the United States to be self-reliant and not dependent on taxpayer-funded government benefits." This could be really bad, right? Like, there are a lot of different benefits people take advantage of to include free school meals, to include things like SNAP, to include WIC.

• 2:39:12Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:39:13Robert Evans?

  Right? To include rent-controlled housing even, right? Like, they could draw this. I think what they're probably going to move towards is a sort of looking at the whole case thing as opposed to a looking for specific things in the past. Another thing that we should understand is that this is forward-facing, right? It's not just have they used this, it's are they likely to? An extremely broad interpretation of this could be very bad for people.

• 2:39:41Speaker 02

  Definitely.

• 2:39:42Robert Evans?

  Looking to adjust their status, right? So this is something we will keep an eye on. It's not ending yet, I just want to reinforce that. It's on September the 18th. For people who are in these proceedings, this is something you should discuss with your immigration lawyer, if that pertains to you. I will include links to all the government press releases and the federal register pieces about this, if you want to read it yourself. Should take a break.

• 2:40:04Speaker 02

  Yeah, I think so.

• 2:40:17Robert Evans?

  And we're back. I want to talk about Texas. And normally, that's not a hopeful thing when I say I'm going to talk about Texas. In fact, about 80% of the time, when I, when I come on to talk about Texas, it's because either someone in Texas committed some sort of horrible violent crime, or everyone's getting excited about an election and I need to tell them not to, because it's Texas. Sure. This time, I'm here to tell you, there's an election in Texas you might want to get excited about. The election between Ken Paxton and Talarico, fuck, what's his first name? I want to say Tommy, but, or James Talarico, sorry. The election between Ken Paxton and James Talarico. I can't think of that fucking grifter. I can't stop every time I hear his name. But no, James Talarico is not a grifter.

• 2:41:01Robert Evans?

  James Talarico might be a US senator in the very near future, because Ken Paxton is not doing too well. And if you aren't Texan, the name Ken Paxton may not immediately conjure dread and disgust, but it should. I would be hard-pressed to name a more scandal-ridden, corrupt, and evil elected leader in the United States, and that includes Donald Trump. Before we get into Paxton's latest race for a US Senate seat, I want to tell you a little bit more about Ken, friend of the pod, Ken Paxton, KPAX, as we call him.

• 2:41:28Speaker 02

  Mm-hmm.

• 2:41:29Robert Evans?

  I don't think anyone actually saw the movie KPAX, so that's not really a joke that's going to land, but. Didn't know that was a movie. It was a movie, James. Okay. In 2008, when Paxton was a new Texas House member for McKinney, where my mom used to teach, the AP reported that he and another state representative had been accused by ethics watchdog Fred Lewis of greasing the skids to settle a contract with WatchGuard, a company that made in-car video systems that record video directly to DVD for like the cops and stuff. Paxton and Byron Cook, two state representatives, were both found to have disclosed ownership in WatchGuard, but in Paxton's case, he didn't disclose his ownership until well after his 2008 personal financial statement was filed. Shortly after the deal was made, WatchGuard's net earnings increased year over year by

• 2:42:10Robert Evans?

  250%, and Paxton and Cook sold their shares of the company for an undisclosed amount, but a lot of money. Paxton denies any knowledge of the company's state contracts and claims he did nothing shady. However, per The Barbed Wire, quote, "Paxton claimed he had no knowledge of the company's state contracts at the time, which he would have been required to disclose with the Texas Ethics Commission under state law. However, Associated Press reported that WatchGuard's website boasted that the company was held by an influential shareholder group that includes three state representatives." Perfect. You hate it when you're dry-snitched on by the company that bribed you? Now, according to The Wall Street Journal, after coming under scrutiny, Paxton shifted his investments, including those in WatchGuard, into a blind trust. A blind trust is an account managed by a third-party trustee without the beneficiary's

• 2:42:54Robert Evans?

  knowledge to prevent a conflict of interest. However, The Journal uncovered texts between Paxton and the trustee, who was a friend of his, concerning stock trades in 2020, a violation of the blind nature of the agreement. Paxton received $2.2 million from his investment.

• 2:43:09Speaker 02

  So that's more like a see-through trust.

• 2:43:10Robert Evans?

  Yeah. Yeah. It's more of a see-through trust, not so blind. It's more just, you're committing a series of crimes. So he's going to get charged with securities fraud for this, and that case is going to wind on for a while, but not long, you know, kind of actually in the middle of this whole process of corruption. In 2013, when he's a state senator, he's entering the courthouse, like the state courthouse.

• 2:43:33Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:43:33Robert Evans?

  And a lawyer who'd just been ahead of him in line at like the metal detector leaves behind a $1,000 Mont Blanc pen in the metal detector tray, and Ken Paxton steals it, and he's on video stealing it? Like, the Dallas Morning News gets access to the video and publishes it?

• 2:43:53Robert Evans?

  It's really funny. What a series of events. Yeah. And like 2014, Ken runs for and wins Attorney General of the state of Texas, and his opponent in the campaign, Justin Nelson, runs video ads using the footage?

• 2:44:07Speaker 02

  It is really funny to have top cop be like, the most corrupt criminal in Texas politics.

• 2:44:13Robert Evans?

  Yeah. And like, really dedicated to it, you know? That's a big grift. Lazziest criminal, too. Just seeing an opportunity and taking it without a second thought is really beautiful. Yeah. Now, despite this, Paxton was still narrowly elected, thanks in part to spending twice as much as his opponent on the campaign.

• 2:44:30Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:44:31Robert Evans?

  In 2022, Paxton faced a primary challenge from George P. Bush, one of the C-list Bushes, a nephew of the most recent former President Bush. Huh. This would prove to be one of Paxton's easier victories, even though he had been charged with and was still under investigation for securities fraud, as well as, at this point, a separate federal investigation for alleged corruption in favor of an Austin real estate developer. I'm going to quote now from an AP article by Thomas Beaumont, quote, "Paxton responded by portraying himself as a Trump-era Republican, and Bush is the heir to a privileged political legacy.

• 2:45:04Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:45:04Robert Evans?

  Pro-Paxton organizations spent more than $20 million, about twice as much as Bush and his allies. The race went into a runoff, in which Paxton defeated Bush by 34 percentage points." So, just a pantsing. Yeah. On behalf of George P. Bush. Man. One of the worst ass-kickings in Texas state political history. It's beautiful stuff.

• 2:45:22Speaker 02

  Yeah, I mean, this is a very, very clear sort of like neo-con versus the new like mega Republican Party matchup, in which the neo-cons have just no, no ground to stand on.

• 2:45:31Robert Evans?

  Well, and it's, it's also just like, purely on like the shallowest basis of like, what sounds good to a dummy? George W. Bush, W is a nickname, that's trustworthy. George P. Bush? P. Bush? Nobody wants a P. Bush anywhere. It's just a bad idea. I do think 20 years of, of war in the Middle East have maybe, maybe like dropped the value of George X. Bush stock. After being a George Bush anywhere in the name of a president. 30 if we're doing George Bushes, I guess. Guys, we're talking about Texas.

• 2:46:04Speaker 02

  I mean, even, even there.

• 2:46:06Robert Evans?

  Yeah, even in Texas. Whole lot of people from Texas died in wars that we didn't need to have, actually. I mean, even when Texans were voting for him, people had a tendency to say the man was all hat, no cattle, so I'm not super surprised about this. But anyway, Paxton beats Bush handily in the, the primary, and then he runs against Democrat Rochelle Garza in the general. And Garza entered the campaign with a 300-page opposition research bio on Paxton, but also faced a really difficult quandary, which is like, what can you say about Ken that voters haven't already heard and evidently decided they don't care about, right? Yeah, yeah.

• 2:46:42Speaker 02

  This is like the same thing with Trump, right? This is like.

• 2:46:44Robert Evans?

  Yeah, how do you attack this guy?

• 2:46:46Speaker 02

  He has all of this, all of this stuff that's fucked up that we all know about.

• 2:46:49Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 2:46:50Speaker 02

  That like, is it worth just retreading all this, all this same stuff?

• 2:46:53Robert Evans?

  No, and it, it just wasn't, right? She loses too, not by as badly as George P. Bush, obviously, and Paxton continues to cling to office and scandal. Now, in the years after his victory, his wife divorced him, citing the Bible. He was impeached by the State House, but then acquitted by the Senate. His fraud case ended in 2024 with a judgment that he paid $300,000 in restitution, but through it all, he maintained enough Republican support to squeak by.

• 2:47:20Speaker 02

  I mean, because he's, he's been very powerful as the Attorney General of that state, and has done a lot to help the Republicans in that state, and like, a lot of.

• 2:47:28Robert Evans?

  Yes.

• 2:47:28Speaker 02

  Really ugly stuff has been done at the behest of and the help of Paxton.

• 2:47:32Robert Evans?

  Yeah, he's wielded his power. And I'm leaving a lot of that out. I don't mean this as a comprehensive look at his past, we're kind of doing a greatest hits. I'm going to have to do a BTB on the fucker at some point. Oh, yeah, absolutely. KPAX deserves it. So in that AP article, Thomas Beaumont interviewed two Paxton supporters, David and Nancy Lapp, who are retired conservatives from Woolworth, Texas, or Wolfherf, Texas. And quote from that article, "They described him as a conservative warrior who has been a victim of persecution. He's had his share of scandals, and almost all of them have, so it's not necessarily disqualifying anymore," said David Lapp, 76. "He's a flawed person, no doubt about it, but he fights for traditional American values." Oh, man. He added that, "Nowadays, as long as you're not in jail, they'll elect you." Which is very true. Yeah, yeah, that's not a wrong statement.

• 2:48:17Robert Evans?

  But also, you'll, you'll elect him, David. Yeah, yes. Don't they? They, they. You're making a choice. Now, there is much more to the tale of Ken Paxton's scum and villainy, and this isn't an episode of BTB, so I'm going to save us some time and just discuss arguably his worst and most famous call as Attorney General. Ken was elected after promising to be tough on crime and attacking his predecessors and opponents for being weak on crime. And then in 2025, a Waco attorney named Adam Hoffman went on trial for sexually abusing his son's best friend during multiple sleepovers from the age of six or seven up to age 10. Jesus. The victim initially told a forensic interviewer he believed Hoffman had ejaculated over 1,300 times in his presence.

• 2:48:58Robert Evans?

  Hoffman denied the alleg-, although they did like a semen, they looked for semen and didn't find any, so like, I don't know, but also he could have cleaned stuff, who knows? Hoffman denied the allegations and called the boy a liar. The jury wound up deadlocked, so the judge ordered them to keep deliberating, and long story shared, it becomes a mistrial. Because the victim did not want to testify a second time, Paxton's prosecutors struck a plea deal with Hoffman. So Hoffman pleads guilty, but the plea deal includes no jail time or registry for, as a sex offender for Hoffman. So that's pretty fucked up, and obviously, it's Paxton's people doing this, but Paxton's the Attorney General.

• 2:49:36Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:49:36Robert Evans?

  So this, this really grosses a lot of people out, and the case becomes a major avenue attack when he undergoes a primary challenge by John Cornyn earlier this year in the Senate race, right?

• 2:49:45Speaker 02

  Yeah, he challenges. Cornyn, the incumbent for Senate.

• 2:49:48Robert Evans?

  The attention around this caused critics of Paxton to look into other cases, per the Texas Tribune. Quote, "For instance, attack ads from Cornyn's allies highlight the case of a man originally charged with child sex trafficking who received a deal for a probation sentence." And Judge Roy Sparkman brought up another case in open court last month, noting Paxton had also taken over a murder-for-hire case that he oversaw, which resulted in a misdemeanor plea and a four-day jail sentence. And of course, Paxton still beat Cornyn. So you could be forgiven for being like, what could take fucking this guy out, right? At this point, what could matter? And I'll be honest, I was really hesitant to have any hope about this race until extremely recently, but within the last few days, a bunch of new polling has come out that makes

• 2:50:32Robert Evans?

  this look not just competitive, but winnable. The most striking example of evidence, you know, in favor of that would be a recent Texas Public Opinion Research poll that showed Talarico leading Paxton 45% to 40, after multiple other polls had consistently shown a nail-biter of a race. Now, TPOR is officially a nonpartisan research group, but it is run by a Democratic strategist, so there's reason to suspect some favoritism here. The Texas Tribune, in a separate article, had this to say about the survey. Quote, "The group surveyed 1,048 likely voters between July 15th and July 17th, and has a margin of error of plus or minus 3.4 percentage points. Of those polled respondents, 53% voted for Donald Trump and 42% voted for Kamala Harris

• 2:51:13Robert Evans?

  in 2024, making the sample only slightly bluer than the 2024 electorate, which favored Trump by a 14-point margin in Texas. Trump carried Texas by 5.6 percentage points in 2020, two years after the last midterm held there during his presidency." And a recent New York Times/Siena poll from June found an overall tie in the race, 47% to 47%, with Talarico winning about 5% of Republicans. The most significant data from this recent batch of polling that has me hopeful, though, is that Talarico seems to be doing really well among non-college-educated voters, which is traditionally like the strongest group for Paxton.

• 2:51:47Speaker 02

  Yep.

• 2:51:48Robert Evans?

  That's the group that has carried him over the line consistently. And from that same article, quote, "Perhaps the biggest outlier was Talarico's lead among non-college-educated voters, who favored the Democrat by nine percentage points, 45% to 36%. He led by one percentage point among those with at least a bachelor's degree." I don't want to suggest that the other races in Texas are going to go this well, right? Ted Cruz is currently about 18 points ahead of his opponent, Colin Alred, right now, among non-college-educated Texans in 2024.

• 2:52:19Speaker 02

  Man.

• 2:52:20Robert Evans?

  Yeah, like, so I don't have a lot of faith that this is going to extend past Talarico versus Paxton, but there is evidence that, like, Paxton's longevity with the specific group that's carried him past the line is at its end. Like, maybe there's just too much scandal for him to stand up next to someone who seems as like relatively squeaky and nice as Talarico. Now, there's other things to credit Talarico's success for. One of them is that he's doing a lot better than Paxton in terms of like money right now. As of the most recent disclosures, Talarico's campaign has about $21 million on hand. Paxton has less than eight.

• 2:52:53Speaker 02

  Huh.

• 2:52:53Robert Evans?

  And if you remember every other election I've got, or every other campaign of Paxton's I've run through here, he usually had like a two-to-one advantage in funding over his opponents.

• 2:53:01Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 2:53:01Robert Evans?

  So the fact that that's kind of falling apart for him, too, suggests this might be a really winnable race. Now, there are some reasons to doubt that, too. Most polls I've seen show a number of undecided Republicans large enough to close the gap or a tie between the two candidates led by Paxton. And if that group all breaks for Ken, and historically they're likely to, things could be really close or wind up in favor of Paxton, right? One of the polls found about 14% of voters of all political stripes are unsure of their picks, and among undecided voters, it looks like Paxton has the most room to grow. About 19% of that bloc said they lean towards a Republican, compared to 10% who lean towards Talarico. But most of them were just totally on the fence, or at least that's what they said. So a lot is going to depend on how those people break.

• 2:53:44Robert Evans?

  I'm not saying this is definitely going to go Talarico's way, but if you're talking about like, what is a race where maybe the Democratic Party might want to actually invest money in? I'd say here, this thing seems winnable, and I don't say that about Texas races often.

• 2:53:59Speaker 02

  It is a very particular matchup.

• 2:54:01Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 2:54:01Speaker 02

  Paxton has a lot of unique vulnerabilities. Talarico's also doing very well in polls for Latino voters, up like 45 points ahead of Paxton, and that will be very crucial, especially considering ICE. Like, that's going to be a big factor in this race.

• 2:54:15Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 2:54:16Speaker 02

  There was an ICE killing in Texas just a few weeks ago. Certainly, a lot of funding could come to Paxton towards the end of the race.

• 2:54:25Robert Evans?

  Sure.

• 2:54:26Speaker 02

  The campaign-finish ratio could change dramatically over time, but I do wonder if the sort of strategy from the GOP right now, just to like paint Talarico very early on, is this like, you know, woke, gender ideology maniac will kind of run a little bit hollow now that Trump is in charge and Republicans control all branches of government? And the sort of like economic issues that cannot be blamed on like woke liberals sending, you know, money to sex changes in prison. It's going to be an interesting race, very close.

• 2:55:00Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 2:55:01Speaker 02

  Another close race next Tuesday, the Michigan Senate primary with "I see Israel in my dreams" Haley Stevens versus Dr. Abdul Al-Sayed.

• 2:55:12Robert Evans?

  Yeah.

• 2:55:13Speaker 02

  They had their last debate on Monday. Al-Sayed continually hit Stevens for her corporate funding, $60 million of outside spending, $46 million of AIPAC funding. And the moderator was really going after Stevens for this, too, asking if all this AIPAC funding will result in Stevens, quote-unquote, "doing their bidding," referring to AIPAC and like the pro-Israel lobby.

• 2:55:39Robert Evans?

  Kind of interesting.

• 2:55:40Speaker 02

  And she also lied about receiving funding from the local utility company during the debate. So early voting for that's already started. The primary's next Tuesday. We'll cover that on Next to Executive Disorder. Francesca Hong in the Wisconsin gubernatorial race also had a debate on Tuesday. Had not seen that yet, but she is really pulling ahead in polls right now. But that primary is still a few weeks away. But to stay on the topic of evil Republicans, on July 21st, Speaker Mike Johnson dismissed domestic violence allegations against Republican Representatives Max Miller and Corey Mills, saying, quote, "Well, the key word there is allegation."

• 2:56:24Speaker 02

  And then said that the House Ethics Committee would shake things out. Of those two reps, Max Miller of Ohio is facing reelection in the midst of escalating legal issues, including restraining orders, a defamation case, and a custody battle. Max Miller's ex-wife, Emily Morano of the America First Policy Institute, and daughter of Ohio Senator Bernie Morano, has accused Max Miller of abusing her and their daughter. While investigating suspected child abuse, Morano told Bay Village Police that Miller yelled and held a gun to her head after she turned on the lights to change their baby's diaper.

• 2:57:05Robert Evans?

  Jesus.

• 2:57:06Speaker 02

  According to a police report, Morano told police about another domestic violence incident from earlier this year, where during a custody exchange, Miller, quote, "grabbed and threw her against the wall," which resulted in an obvious grab mark on her upper arm and bruising to her stomach and side where she hit the wall, unquote. This alleged incident also was in front of their daughter, and the police report later states that Morano's daughter told her, quote, "Daddy, kill you." Morano and Miller were married in 2022, and Morano filed for divorce in August of 2024. After telling Miller that she wants a divorce in June of 24, Morano alleged that he threw hot, steaming water at her.

• 2:57:50Speaker 02

  And in a recorded phone call, Miller admits to what he refers to as "the water incident", after his wife said on the call that he abused her and, quote, "poured steaming hot water on her neck." On the call, Miller said that the, quote-unquote, "water incident" wasn't done with, quote-unquote, "intent to hurt his wife." Morano told police she moved out of the house because she was, quote-unquote, "scared of him." Now, all of these allegations came to light earlier this year after Morano discovered her two-year-old daughter's collarbone was broken after the child came back from Miller's house this past February. This prompted a cascade of investigations and back-and-forth court filings, which eventually made their way into news reporting.

• 2:58:35Speaker 02

  A Bay Village Police report investigating suspected child abuse stated that a child protection specialist found that the two-year-old's broken collarbone was accompanied by a bruise that, quote, "appears to be in a handprint and appears to have been inflicted." According to another police report obtained by Mother Jones, Morano recounted her daughter saying, quote, "Daddy's house is scary." Miller, of course, denies all claims of abuse or domestic violence and has theorized that the broken collarbone was possibly caused by a seatbelt.

• 2:59:10Robert Evans?

  Why is the kid wearing a seatbelt?

• 2:59:12Speaker 04

  Shouldn't they be in a car seat when they're two?

• 2:59:14Speaker 02

  Yes, this was part of the investigation because Miller said this.

• 2:59:20Speaker 04

  Okay.

• 2:59:20Speaker 02

  And he had to show police that he had properly installed a car seat.

• 2:59:26Speaker 04

  Right.

• 2:59:28Speaker 02

  After news outlets reported on the spousal and child abuse allegations, Miller filed a defamation suit against his ex-wife. And this is not the first time Miller has used defamation suit to shut down allegations of abuse. In 2021, Stephanie Grisham, a former White House Press Secretary in Trump's first term, wrote in the Washington Post that her unnamed boyfriend from 2019 to 2020, quote unquote, "got physical with her," that their relationship, quote unquote, "turned abusive," and that her ex-boyfriend had, quote, "anger issues and a violent streak." These claims were later included in a book. But earlier that year, Politico reported that Max Miller, quote, "pushed Grisham against a wall and slapped her in the face at his Washington apartment after she accused him of cheating on her," unquote.

• 3:00:13Speaker 02

  Max Miller sued Grisham for, quote, "libelous and defamatory false statements made about him." But he dismissed the case in 2023 after agreeing to a settlement. Though, Grisham is now suing Miller for breaking the settlement's NDA by publicly claiming that Grisham fabricated abuse allegations against him while defending himself against new allegations of abuse by his ex-wife. Max Miller's abuse allegations have been a sort of open secret in Washington for a while. When, when George Santos was dealing with his whole thing a few years ago, on the House floor, he referred to Max Miller as a woman beater.

• 3:00:53Speaker 04

  Huh.

• 3:00:54Speaker 02

  And talked about how he didn't want the Republican Party to just turn into repeating media attacks against each other as he was being kicked out of Congress.

• 3:01:02Speaker 04

  Wild.

• 3:01:03Speaker 02

  He is running for reelection in Ohio.

• 3:01:07Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 3:01:08Speaker 02

  And Miller has maintained support from Republicans in Congress. And it's been backed by the president for years. Let's go on a break and then discuss some more news.

• 3:01:32Speaker 04

  All right, we are back. And I want to update people on the Iranian American Legal Defense Fund versus Rubio case. We spoke about a few weeks ago. So I have reached out to Public Citizen about this and they haven't got back to me. I'd, I'd love to do an interview with them. I have worked with them before on some access to med stuff, so, uh, hopefully someone from Public Citizen will listen and reply. But we have learned a lot from the new filings in this case. One of the things we learned was that people were required by ICE to meet Iranian government officials, the very people they had fled to the USA to be safe and protected from. It seems that the person who met them was introduced as a consul, but Iran obviously doesn't have a consulate in the United States, right? They have the Iranian Interest Section, which is in the Pakistani embassy.

• 3:02:17Speaker 04

  This person had information about their cases. In other cases, they were told they had to take calls from the Iranian Interest Section and they wouldn't be allowed to return to their housing pod until they spoke to them on the phone. In one of these calls, the Iranian officials said they had a transcript of the person's credible fear interview. That is wild, right? So the credible fear interview is when people explain why they fear going back to where they have fled, i.e. what it is that they think the Iranian state in this case is going to do to them. So what the credible fear interview will have, will have detailed for these people would have been their participation in Gina阿米尼 protests. I saw that in several of the testimonies.

• 3:02:58Speaker 04

  I've also spoken to dozens of Iranian migrants who participated in those protests, were arrested, released and realized that they were going to be arrested again and fled, or fled before they were arrested. Or their participation in the Christian faith. You see that in a lot of the testimonies in this case. If the Iranian government have them writing down, they are Christians, they were distributing bibles, they were evangelizing, like, it is absolutely not safe for these people to go back. Some of these meetings actually appear to have occurred right here in San Diego, the O'Toole Mesa Detention Center facility. People were brought to the Iranian government official and the official then sat down with them and tried to persuade them to return to Iran. And the official had a list of names of people who they were going to meet and they read it out.

• 3:03:42Speaker 04

  So even some people who weren't there, their names were read out. So it looks like the officials either selected these people or were told by ICE who these people were. One of the people named the individual was Mr. Mehrobadi and he threatened that they would be sent to, quote, "Africa." So this is the United States doing either its chain refoulement or it's sending people to third countries deportation, right? We also see a lot about the current state of the asylum system in these declarations. One person attests that she has been and will be tortured in Iran. The judge responds to her that everyone gets tortured in Iran. In their interview with the, quote unquote, "consul," one person said, "They were told by the consul, even in the US, if you are political,

• 3:04:27Speaker 04

  the same things can happen to you," which is very clearly a threat, right? The regime agent also knew when her husband was being deported and to where. So he had that information before he met with this woman. In another case, someone testified that an ICE agent said, "I will force you, this is my job." And this was with reference to signing self-deportation papers. They cuffed the woman and then, quote, "He literally forced my fingerprint by forcing my finger to a stamp and then on a paper, no matter how much I tried to take back my finger," which is pretty wild. It's not the first time, I should add, that we've heard allegations of them doing exactly this. So many of the people in this document are women who have stories exactly like

• 3:05:12Speaker 04

  the Iranian women I met in the Darien Gap. Many of them also say they took that route. They went from Iran to either Venezuela or Brazil and then traveled north from there. They also give details of their detention conditions, which are predictably appalling, right? With one writing, quote, "Water here smells very bad and we are always itchy. We all have red dots on our skin that have also gone away on my body after I started antibiotics." And then skipping a bit, "The dental care here is unbelievably dangerous. Any happening with teeth and they only extract. The doctors here have already extracted three of my teeth and have told me they will extract another three more when my antibiotics are over. I have always taken care of my teeth."

• 3:05:55Speaker 04

  They also talk about the, I'll just quote from one of their, one of their statements here. "This disclosure," and then I'm adding this, "of asylum information to the Iranian government," returning to the quote here, "has materially increased the likelihood that I will be detained, interrogated or tortured or killed if I ever return to Iran." Another said, "When I saw him," talking about the Iranian consul, "I was disgusted with the US government by forcing us to meet with agents of the regime, which I told my pod manager." Many of these people have been in detention for more than a year, right? It seems like most of these people entered in 2025. "A member of staff at the Iranian Interest Section also called the Iranian American Legal Defense Fund

• 3:06:39Speaker 04

  and informed them that United States State Department had approached the Interest Section to ask for help getting rid of Iranian detainees." That's, that's a quote that last getting rid of. "The Iranian officials said they met monthly with ICE to select individuals for deportation and that ICE provided their asylum applications to the Iranians at these meetings." They said they met with someone of Indian descent with Georgetown degree, who is described as the General Director of the Middle East Section. The meeting stopped when the war with Iran began, but apparently they still delivered documents, or at least they were delivering documents in March. This call from the Iranian Interest Section to the IALDF is wild.

• 3:07:24Speaker 04

  It involves this Iranian official recounting, for instance, that on the first deportation flight in September of last year, two people cut their wrists with razors, presumably attempting to end their lives rather than go back to Iran. It also details how in many cases the United States can't get their, the people's travel documents together, because they fly via a third country to Iran, right? There's no direct flights between the US and Iran. And so these flights end up not being as full as the United States, no doubt, hopes. He also says that the clothing and state of the detainees was so poor that the Iranian government official purchased some clothing from Costco with his own money.

• 3:08:05Speaker 04

  He also said that at no point did the United States ask Iran to guarantee their well-being in Iran. The official kind of posits himself as like intervening on behalf of the Iranian people to make sure that they're, they're treated correctly, right? Which is how generally one would expect the consulate administration of a state to intervene on behalf of their citizens. This, though, is different because these people are fleeing the very government that he represents, right? I will keep covering this. I will also link to the Court Listener page where you can read these testimonies. They're all handwritten. They can be a little harder to read sometimes, but there's some really shocking and upsetting stuff in there.

• 3:08:45Speaker 02

  Forgive me if you've talked about this already. Maybe this will help for, for some listeners too. Like, how does this relate to the asylum laws that the United States has? Like, have they been denied asylum in so-called immigration courts? And this is the process for removal? And how is that actually like decided? Because like, these people seem to have, like, in these testimonies you're reading, very credible fears to the point where they're attempting like harming themselves to avoid going back to this state.

• 3:09:11Speaker 04

  Yeah. So it seems like most of these people entered after Trump came in with his day one, effectively like southern border crossing asylum ban, right? And so they are having to fight their cases. From detention, which is what they are doing. In some cases, they are already appealing because the government has found that they don't have a credible fear or that they're otherwise not eligible for asylum. The reason the I A L D F knows about these people is that that is what it is doing as a nonprofit group is helping them fight, fight their cases.

• 3:09:41Speaker 02

  Sure.

• 3:09:41Speaker 04

  It shows a pretty fucking bleak situation. Like, people do still get asylum. I hear about it occasionally. You know, I hear from, from friends in, in the community who do court accompaniments that they occasionally have a success still. But with the way that the Trump administration is purging the ranks of immigration, quote unquote, judges, that's getting less and less likely. So like, these people are in that system. Many of them are either in ever spiraling delays, right? Because we have fewer and fewer of these judges because they're getting purged. More judges are coming on board now. Or they are already appealing, going through the CAT process, Convention Against Torture process, right? These are the sort of asylum claims that are like in the bullseye

• 3:10:24Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 3:10:24Speaker 04

  of what an asylum claim is, right?

• 3:10:26Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 3:10:26Speaker 04

  All of these people in there, I didn't want to read them out because I don't think that's any reason to traumatize people. Nearly all of them detail torture. Most of the women detail sexual abuse. They talk about the horrific things they went through on the way here to like, this is like front and center of what you would think a like textbook asylum case would be normally. And there are exemptions for some Christian minorities, religious minorities from Iran who largely Christian people, right? Some of these visa bans, but these people didn't come that way, right? They didn't come by applying for a visa. They came across the southern border. Like, it's very possible that one of the people in this case is somebody I met in the Darien Gap. That the timing would line up. It's been really fucking upsetting for me reading these things.

• 3:11:08Speaker 02

  Thank you for that context. Earlier in this episode, we talked about attacks on the First Amendment as a part of the Trump admin's crackdown on the left. But before we close, I want to go over a novel case of state repression against an Atlanta-based activist. This is a first of its kind case focusing on an extreme privacy feature of Graphene O S, an open source operating system for Android phones. This feature is known as a duress password, a special code that when inputted into a phone's locked password screen, triggers a wipe of certain data on the phone. Last November, a federal grand jury indicted an Atlanta activist for allegedly wiping the data on his phone

• 3:11:52Speaker 02

  after being detained at the airport upon re-entering the country in January of 2025. U S attorneys say this was in violation of Title 18 U S C, Section 2232 A. That is the destruction or removal of property to prevent seizure. The short, single paragraph indictment reads that the defendant, quote, "did knowingly destroy, damage, waste, dispose of, and otherwise take any action to delete the digital contents of a Google Pixel cellular phone for the purpose of preventing and impairing the government's lawful authority to take said property into its custody and control before and during the search for and seizure of property

• 3:12:34Speaker 02

  by Customs and Border Patrol Tactical Terrorism Response Team Supervisory Officer J C." That's the name of the officer. Last week, this case had its first hearing, which was focused on a motion filed by the defense to suppress evidence and statements for violations of the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendments. According to the motion, the FBI-Atlanta Joint Terrorism Task Force coordinated with C P B to question and search U S citizen Samuel Tunic as he was returning to the United States from the Dominican Republic because of his associations with the Defend the Atlanta Forest Movement, or Stop Cop City, which we have covered on this show.

• 3:13:18Speaker 02

  Basically, after arriving at the airport, C P B put Tunic in secondary inspection, where their Tactical Terrorism Response Team, quote, "proceeded to question Mr. Tunic, search Mr. Tunic's body and all his belongings, and insisted that he provide the password for his phone." Despite Mr. Tunic's request to speak with his lawyer and not engage in any further questioning, the officers insisted they could question Mr. Tunic and search his phone to determine whether he had child porn. Evidently, this was a pretext for a phishing expedition into Mr. Tunic's connections with the Defend the Atlanta Forest Movement, unquote.

• 3:13:59Speaker 02

  Journalist Timothy Pratt reported in The Guardian that during last week's hearing, it was revealed that unbeknownst to Samuel Tunic, federal authorities had put him on a terrorism watch list and that a Homeland Security agent circulated an email three hours before Tunic arrived back in Atlanta, containing his name and photo, and indicated that he was being investigated for, quote unquote, "suspected terrorism activities." I think it is important to mention that Samuel Tunic, to this point, has not been charged with terrorism and does not face any charges directly related to protest activity for Defend the Atlanta Forest or Stop Cop City. According to the defense's motion, Tunic early and repeatedly during questioning

• 3:14:44Speaker 02

  said that he would not speak without his lawyer, but the officers ignored these requests and never mirandized Tunic. The motion states that the officers told him, quote, "Because you're refusing to talk, which is your right, we have the authority to go through your phone to see what we're looking for." After officers demanded his phone password a second time, Tunic asked again why he wasn't allowed to call his lawyer, and the officers responded, quote, "When it comes to immigration and customs, right? It's a whole different ballgame, and we have search authority. We don't need a warrant," unquote.

• 3:15:19Speaker 04

  I'm not a lawyer. This is not legal advice. If this is something you are concerned about, then you should seek out legal counsel. And I'm just going to give you my best understanding of it. This is a civil situation. Well, it's also a criminal situation for him now. But like, when you're entering the border, these, these are civil proceedings. And so that's why you're generally not mirandized. Depending on where you enter the United States and what circuit you are in, they can inspect your telephone. My general understanding of it is, should you refuse to unlock that telephone, you can expect to leave without your telephone. The general way that they do this is for them to put the phone on airplane mode

• 3:16:02Speaker 04

  and then search it because they are searching the device that is entering the United States, not the remote cloud stuff that is not on the device, right? Because they are inspecting a thing that is crossing the border, right? And that is within their purview in most circuits in the United States right now as federal immigration officers. And then the other thing I would add, at some point, I think we're going to see a Supreme Court case about it, and this might be the one, right?

• 3:16:32Speaker 02

  That's very possible, yeah.

• 3:16:33Speaker 04

  Albeit, there'll be other elements to this case, right? Like, as you said, like, who destroyed the data that was on the phone is something that's very much not legally clear to me, right? Did Graphene destroy the data? Did the B P agents, when they entered that passcode, destroy the data, right? Or did the person destroy the data?

• 3:16:50Speaker 02

  Yeah, this, this case is a whole bunch of legal gray areas. This is the first time we've seen a case about a duress password. The exact way this interrogation went introduces a lot of questions on when exactly this regular, you know, Border Patrol questioning turned into an actual interrogation based on allegations of a crime

• 3:17:08Speaker 04

  Right.

• 3:17:09Speaker 02

  with this mention of child sexual abuse material.

• 3:17:12Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 3:17:12Speaker 02

  And all those things could possibly trigger different legal statutes in various court cases. Now, the motion says that officers explained to Tunic that he would have to give over access to his phone, quote, "whether it was done with his cooperation or not." Eventually, Mr. Tunic provided a password to his cellphone and e-reader. According to the government, when the C P B officers entered the password on his cellphone, quote, "The screen went blank, flashed several times, and the phone appeared to restart," unquote. After this, another officer entered the room to conduct a pat-down, which Tunic did not consent to, but they did anyway. Then a DHS agent arrived with three other individuals to conduct another interview,

• 3:17:57Speaker 02

  which Tunic did not consent to and pointed to his attorney's card. To quote from the motion again, quote, "The agent explained that he was seizing Mr. Tunic's electronic devices and that they would be returned to Mr. Tunic after 30 days." Notably, the DHS agent explained that Mr. Tunic was, quote, "not under arrest, but once these gentlemen are done with you, pursuant to your entry into the country, you're free to leave," unquote. So this motion to suppress evidence argued that the border questioning became, quote unquote, "custodial in nature" when Mr. Tunic was not able to leave, was never informed of his rights, and was denied access to his lawyer. And so any, quote, "evidence obtained from his phone or lack thereof

• 3:18:41Speaker 02

  should be suppressed as fruits of unlawfully obtained evidence." The specific statute that he's being charged with, 18 U S C 2232, refers to, quote, "the government's lawful authority to take such property." So this motion is arguing that the exact way this property was taken was not lawful.

• 3:18:59Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 3:19:00Speaker 02

  To quote from the motion again, which I think will expound on this, quote, "C P B officers introduced themselves to Mr. Tunic and explained that they were looking for people who are pedophiles." Officers justified their questioning and demands to search Mr. Tunic's phone by stating that they had to confirm whether he possessed child porn. The government's reports do not indicate any suspicion whatsoever that Mr. Tunic was in possession of child porn, but rather that their purpose in detaining Mr. Tunic and seizing his belongings was to investigate his ties with the Defend the Atlanta Forest. Movement. Tunic's unmarandized statement, the alleged wiping or encryption of the contents of his phone by providing agents with a specific password is testimonial in nature.

• 3:19:43Speaker 02

  Mr. Tunic had not been charged with committing a crime in connection with the Defend the Atlanta Forest Movement, but law enforcement seemingly took advantage of the relaxed constitutional protections at the border to try to dig up evidence, unquote. And the the motion states that circuit courts have contradictory rulings if this sort of search is permitted. If you can search someone's phone at the border not to actually intercept digital contraband, but to fish for evidence in an unrelated criminal investigation.

• 3:20:15Speaker 04

  Yep.

• 3:20:16Speaker 02

  Now, something that may come up if this goes to trial is technically using graphene stress password. It does not delete all of the data on the phone, but rather the phone loses the ability to access its encrypted data. Graphene OS wrote on X, the everything app, quote, "Our duress PIN slash password leaves all the encrypted data on the device intact. It only wipes keys in the hardware key stores, the secure element and encryption metadata. It's near instant and then it powers off the device to wipe RAM," unquote. So basically it wipes what the phone needs to decrypt its contents and read the data. Though graphene followed up on Twitter, quote,

• 3:20:59Speaker 02

  "We doubt that's legally different from wiping data," unquote. So this technicality may or may not actually matter to the court, but this might not be a sort of get out of jail loophole that I see some people online presenting it as. Graphene OS further explained that the duress password wipe should be legal, not because of this quote unquote tech loophole, but because the defendant, quote, "wasn't being investigated for any actual crime, wasn't under arrest, wasn't read his rights before being interrogated, wasn't under oath, et cetera," adding that it's, quote, "near impossible that they get anything of value if the phone was in before first unlock with a strong passphrase, plus second factor fingerprint unlock setup," unquote.

• 3:21:43Speaker 02

  Whether or not this dress password was used, it is very unlikely that federal authorities would have been able to break into a phone running the graphene operating system.

• 3:21:53Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 3:21:54Speaker 02

  That means that the device has been fully turned off and has not been unlocked since being turned back on. Similarly, it is very hard to break into an iPhone running iOS's lockdown mode with a complex alphanumeric password before first unlock. The combination of all those things can make it really hard to break in.

• 3:22:15Speaker 04

  We saw that, right, Reese, with a reporter from Get Who, one of the broadsheets, whose phone was using lockdown mode that they've said they couldn't open, right?

• 3:22:23Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 3:22:24Speaker 04

  I guess I will just say that like if people want to know more about border searches and telephones, I would suggest going to Electronic Frontier Foundation's page, EFF.org. They have a great deal of information and you can find a lot there. It's currently the Southern District of New York, which is the one that requires a warrant. But there are various other degrees that we don't have the time nor is this the place for us to go over. So, uh, yeah, EFF are always a good source for this shit.

• 3:22:54Speaker 02

  Yeah, but like James said, this is a case that could become Supreme Court precedent over time. This is, this is invoking a bunch of

• 3:23:01Speaker 04

  Yeah.

• 3:23:01Speaker 02

  legal gray areas. The motion here to express evidence probably won't be decided on until at least October. So this is going to go on for quite a while. This is another new frontier in digital privacy and how that relates to the law, which the Supreme Court has taken up a lot of cases on recently. So this, this could become a very influential case going forward. So I wanted to go over some of these details now and we will certainly be covering this in the future as this, as this case progresses.

• 3:23:30Speaker 04

  Yeah. The outlook hasn't been great so far, I would say with this, like the, uh, the US versus Belmonte Cardoso was the most recent case. That was, I think, this week or last week. Again, not the place to go into this, but I will include a link in the source notes if you want to read about some of the case law.

• 3:23:50Speaker 02

  I think that does it for us today.

• 3:23:55Speaker 04

  Sick.

• 3:23:56Speaker 02

  At It Could Happen Here.

• 3:23:57Speaker 04

  Good. Yep. If you would like to email us, it's [email protected].

• 3:24:04Speaker 02

  I'll include the legal fundraiser for Sam Tunic's case below. We reported the news.

• 3:24:11Robert Evans?

  The news reported. We reported the news.

• 3:24:20Robert Evans?

  Hey, we'll be back Monday with more episodes every week from now until the heat death of the universe. It Could Happen Here is a production of Cool Zone Media. For more podcasts from Cool Zone Media, visit our website, coolzonemedia.com, or check us out on the iHeart

• 3:24:35Speaker 03

  Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts. You can now find sources for It Could Happen Here listed directly in episode descriptions. Thanks for listening.

• 3:24:47Speaker 03

  I'm Melissa Jelton, host of the What Happened to Her podcast. We're kicking off the season with the Sandra Birchmore story, a case the police wrote off as a suicide in a snowstorm. Her family never bought it and the man they suspected wore a badge.

• 3:25:02Speaker 04

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• 3:25:08Speaker 03

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• 3:25:26Speaker 01

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