Neal Bradley Long Part 2

For years, a killer stalked the streets of Dayton, Ohio, firing a shotgun at unsuspecting victims before disappearing into the night. The attacks seemed random, but behind the violence was a deeply troubled man driven by racial hatred, paranoia, and disturbing beliefs. How did Neal Bradley Long, the notorious “Shotgun Slayer,” manage to terrorize a city for so long without being caught? Join Mike and Gibby as they discuss Neal Bradley Long. In part two, we dig into Long’s troubled past, his chilling confessions, and the motivations behind his crimes, including the murder of Dr. Charles Glatt. We’ll also examine the legal battles that followed and explore the possibility that Long was responsible for even more murders, including an unsolved killing that ignited the 1966 Dayton race riots. You can help support the show at patreon.com/truecrimeallthetime Visit the show's website at truecrimeallthetime.com for contact, merchandise, and donation information An Emash Digital production See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

• 0:00Speaker 00

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• 1:47Speaker 00

  Hello, everyone, and welcome to episode 548 of the True Crime All the Time Podcast. I'm Mike Ferguson, and with me as always is my partner in true crime, Mike Gibson. Gibby, how are you?

• 1:57Speaker 01

  I'm doing good, man, and you?

• 1:59Speaker 00

  Doing great.

• 1:59Speaker 01

  That's good.

• 2:01Speaker 00

  We have an episode out right now on True Crime All the Time Unsolved, where we're talking about the murder of Joanne Burdick. And it took authorities 57 years to figure out who this teenage girl was, who was found strangled to death in a hotel room in Oakland, California. And it turned out to be Joanne Burdick. But we get into all the details, the murder, the investigation, all of that. And then on next Thursday's TCAT, we're talking about 24-year-old Nathan Trappazana. He was a newlywed and expectant father. He was shot and killed while taking his morning walk near his home in Indianapolis, Indiana.

• 2:45Speaker 01

  Shocking.

• 2:46Speaker 00

  It is because of who the perpetrator turns out to be and the motive behind it and all that.

• 2:52Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 2:53Speaker 00

  Let's go ahead and give our Patreon shout outs. We had Michelle.

• 2:55Speaker 01

  Hey, Michelle.

• 2:56Speaker 00

  Lauren.

• 2:57Speaker 01

  What's going on, Lauren?

• 2:58Speaker 00

  Bob and Cindy Blitz.

• 2:59Speaker 01

  Hey, Bob and Cindy.

• 3:00Speaker 00

  Nancy Schwert jumped out to our highest level.

• 3:03Speaker 01

  Thanks, Nancy.

• 3:04Speaker 00

  Chris Tony.

• 3:04Speaker 01

  Hey, Chris.

• 3:05Speaker 00

  Pat.

• 3:06Speaker 01

  There's good old Pat.

• 3:07Speaker 00

  Sophie Von Tykman.

• 3:09Speaker 01

  Sophie.

• 3:10Speaker 00

  And if we go back into the vault, this week, we selected Patricia Sue.

• 3:19Speaker 01

  Hey, thanks, Patricia.

• 3:20Speaker 00

  Yeah, we appreciate all the Patreon support. All right, buddy. Are you ready to get into this part two and final part on Neil Bradley Long?

• 3:29Speaker 01

  I am.

• 3:30Speaker 00

  In part one, we went through a timeline of the murders, shootings committed by the Shotgun Slayer, the shooting of Dr. Charles Glatt, and how Long was arrested. In part two, we're going to do a deep dive on Long's troubled past, his motive and explanations for the killings and the legal proceedings that followed. Neil Bradley Long was born on September 19, 1927, in Campton, Kentucky. Although Long was born in Kentucky, he spent most of his adult life in Dayton, according to his daughter. The Journal Herald, Dayton

• 4:09Speaker 00

  newspaper, reported that between 1944 and 1966, Long moved back and forth between Kentucky and Dayton and legally changed his name from Karma Long to Neil Bradley Long. And, you know, a lot of people in Dayton either came from Kentucky or their, their parents or grandparents did.

• 4:34Speaker 01

  Absolutely. And my dad and his parents moved from Kentucky up to this area. So.

• 4:41Speaker 00

  Same with mine.

• 4:42Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 4:42Speaker 00

  Same with mine. Now, GM brought a lot of people up this way.

• 4:46Speaker 01

  They did.

• 4:47Speaker 00

  Frigidaire, there was, you know, some manufacturing plants that brought people up here.

• 4:52Speaker 01

  Part of it was also the coal mines kind of dried up down there and some of the areas. So they needed to find some work.

• 4:57Speaker 00

  Long was married to Grace K. Long, who went by the nickname Nanny. They had seven kids who ranged in age from 12 to 28 by 1975. Seven kids from 12 to 28. That is a heck of a family.

• 5:15Speaker 01

  That really is.

• 5:16Speaker 00

  It's a lot of mouths to feed.

• 5:18Speaker 01

  That's more than a basketball team. That's like a football team.

• 5:21Speaker 00

  It is like either an offense or defense.

• 5:23Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 5:24Speaker 00

  His children, Marion, Lucille, and Colleen, were all in their 20s and married. His younger children, Juanita, Stanley, Joseph, and Mark, lived at home with their mother. At the time of his arrest, Long had been separated from Grace for about eight years, but they maintained an amicable relationship and Long saw his kids regularly. Grace Long did an in-depth interview with the Dayton Daily News in September 1975, where she detailed her marriage and Long's struggles with his mental health over the years. She said that Long had been receiving messages from God for about 15 years.

• 6:06Speaker 01

  Okay.

• 6:08Speaker 00

  Now, my thought is messages from God can go one of two ways. Either a person is very religious and, you know, believes that they're hearing from God or something like that. It doesn't have to be negative.

• 6:25Speaker 01

  No.

• 6:25Speaker 00

  Unfortunately, normally in true crime stories, when someone is hearing messages from God, it tends to stray into negative territory.

• 6:38Speaker 01

  Yeah, it's not a message like, hey, go buy that guy a burger and fries and give it to him.

• 6:45Speaker 00

  Or help your neighbor or something like that. Long worked at a lumber company for 14 years, but he was out of a job when the company shut down in the 1950s. Neil and Grace lost a four-year-old daughter to rheumatic fever in 1958. After their daughter's death, Neil began drinking heavily and would have periods when he would seem to be in another world. This is all according to Grace. In 1966, he disappeared for a week. Grace went to his workplace and begged him to come home, but he told her that God told him to leave home and to leave her. The next day, October 31, 1966, he went to the Dayton

• 7:30Speaker 00

  Police and confessed to stabbing and possibly killing a man back in 1944. Detective Harold Krishner recounted the story to a Journal Herald reporter. Long claimed that he and a friend were attacked by two African-American men on Washington Street on a Saturday night in the summer of 1944. He would have been around 17 years old at this point. He said he stabbed a man in self-defense and fled the scene, leaving him bleeding on the ground. Long said in his interview, "My friend ran off, and I got a pocket knife out and cut

• 8:11Speaker 00

  this man across the face. I think I cut him pretty bad, but then I ran away and I never found out how bad I cut him."

• 8:20Speaker 01

  So he didn't know if he killed him or not?

• 8:22Speaker 00

  Yeah, he didn't know, but the man was bleeding. Now, he said it was self-defense. But Long explained why he decided to come forward so many years later. He said, "I stopped drinking, and then I got religion, and I felt like God wanted me to confess about this. I was always afraid I killed a man. If I killed a man, I wanted to take my punishment." So he was temporarily detained, but later released because authorities couldn't find a record of such an incident occurring at the time and location Long described.

• 8:58Speaker 01

  Well, maybe that was good enough for him to be able to get it off his chest.

• 9:01Speaker 00

  Maybe. Maybe it never happened.

• 9:04Speaker 01

  Or maybe it never happened. Exactly.

• 9:05Speaker 00

  Or maybe it did happen, and let's face it, records probably weren't great in the 1940s, or maybe didn't survive, you know, to the 1970s.

• 9:17Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 9:18Speaker 00

  But it's strange. Right for someone to just walk into the police station roughly 30 years later and say, hey, 30 years ago, I think I killed a man.

• 9:30Speaker 01

  Now, I wonder if the police get a lot of people coming in saying, I did this, I did that.

• 9:36Speaker 00

  Yeah, well, we know people confess the things they never actually did. Now, Long told his wife that God instructed him to confess to the murder. Grace told the Dayton Daily News, you see, he was screaming for help. He knew he was sick and wanted to be locked up. He was afraid of what he might do. So that was, you know, her reasoning for it. The next day, Long packed up his clothes and drove his car into a bridge at high speeds in an attempt to end his life.

• 10:07Speaker 01

  The only thing that's weird about that is why pack up your clothes?

• 10:11Speaker 00

  I thought that was strange as well. He spent two months in the hospital and was then transferred to a psychiatric. Following his release, he was admitted to the Dayton Mental Health Center for three months in 1967, but he never went back for follow up treatment. In 1968, police took Long to the Dayton Mental Health Center for emergency admission. He later voluntarily signed commitment papers and stayed three months.

• 10:41Speaker 01

  So clearly he had a problem.

• 10:43Speaker 00

  Well, I think he must have recognized that he was having some issues. I mean, you don't voluntarily commit yourself, right? And stay for three months if you don't think anything is, uh, is wrong.

• 10:58Speaker 01

  Right.

• 10:59Speaker 00

  Chief of Professional Services, Dr. Roberto Morinell, said Long was classified as psychotic. Now, he wouldn't say much about his condition, except that Long suffered from an emotional disorder of major proportions, which was classified as a serious mental condition.

• 11:20Speaker 01

  Okay, so it sounds pretty serious.

• 11:22Speaker 00

  Yeah, an emotional disorder of major proportions. Long was supposed to keep regular appointments. Once he became outpatient, but he stopped showing up.

• 11:34Speaker 01

  I'm not really surprised by that, though. I think you're fine. That happens a lot.

• 11:38Speaker 00

  Yeah, I think so too, but this one's a little different because, you know, he voluntarily decided to stay for those three months. Okay, now they took him back. He's supposed to keep these appointments. He doesn't show up, but because of Neil's mental health problems and his drinking, Grace decided to file for divorce. She filed in both 1968 and 1969, but changed her mind both times. She explained, I love Neil, didn't want a divorce, but there were just these problems that we couldn't work out.

• 12:16Speaker 01

  So it sounds like she really made an effort.

• 12:19Speaker 00

  Yeah, I don't think she wanted the marriage to be over, but you know, possibly she also just couldn't live with him anymore. Their divorce was ultimately finalized in November, 1971. Long lost his job due to drinking, according to his foreman. He lived in rooming houses and apartments around Dayton. He moved into his last apartment on South Main Street before his arrest in the summer of 1975. He got a job as a service station attendant.

• 12:51Speaker 01

  And you remember those guys?

• 12:53Speaker 00

  I don't really.

• 12:54Speaker 01

  No?

• 12:55Speaker 00

  Um, no, I just don't remember them. I've seen them in television shows and movies, but I mean, obviously by the time I was driving, there were none.

• 13:05Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 13:06Speaker 00

  You were pumping your own gas.

• 13:08Speaker 01

  Yeah, I remember them.

• 13:09Speaker 00

  Well, you are quite a bit older than I am.

• 13:12Speaker 01

  They check underneath the hood and wash your windows and yeah, you didn't have to get out. They just hand them the money or your, uh, gas station credit card.

• 13:24Speaker 00

  The good old gas card.

• 13:26Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 13:27Speaker 00

  Although they were divorced, Long remained close with Grace and the kids. He drove her to work and picked her up every day and she continued doing his laundry and cooking for him.

• 13:39Speaker 01

  Sounds like, uh, not really divorced.

• 13:43Speaker 00

  It's, it's a strange divorce for most people, right? That would not be the, uh, situation. The Dayton Daily News asked Grace about the suspicion that Long was the shotgun slayer. She said, I honestly don't feel that Neil had anything to do with the hit and run killings. It appears to me that police want to close the books on them and are going to try to pin them on him. If he did something like that, he'd admit it. And is that unusual for a family member or a loved one to have a really tough time believing that, you know, this person in their life who they've known for a long time is this killer?

• 14:27Speaker 01

  Yeah, I think it'd be really difficult to decide with something like that. I think you would say, no, no, that's not him. I mean, it'd just be like me telling you, I, you know, went on some crime spree. You'd be like, not me telling you, but someone saying, hey, that Gibby guy went on a crime spree. You'd be like, no, he didn't.

• 14:46Speaker 00

  You think that's what I'd say?

• 14:48Speaker 01

  You're pausing really long time there.

• 14:51Speaker 00

  I don't know. I'd have to think about it a little bit. She did say about his feelings on the Dayton School Board's busing program. My husband did not go for busing and neither do I, but he didn't hate black people like so many people are saying. He just loved his children very much and didn't want to see them pushed around, which is a strange statement to make. He doesn't hate black people, but for some reason he's adamantly sure that if black people are bussed into the same school as his, as his son, they're going to push him around.

• 15:30Speaker 01

  Yeah, kind of contradicts his whole.

• 15:32Speaker 00

  You're making a real assumption there.

• 15:35Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 15:36Speaker 00

  In 1973, the Dayton School Board implemented a limited program where students from segregated schools were bussed to science centers a few times per quarter. Before the shooting, Long told his 12 year old son, Mark, you won't be bussed anymore, son. Mark had just been returned to Orville Wright Middle School from Eastmont School, where he had been bussed to attend science classes. Long picked him up around 2:00 PM, less than an hour before the shooting. Mark is quoted as telling the paper, as dad drove the four blocks toward our home. He got pretty mad. He asked me how the busing went. I told him I didn't like it.

• 16:20Speaker 00

  He dropped me off and I crawled out of the car and he told me, you won't be bussed anymore, son. Grace explained that if Long did commit the shooting of Dr. Charles Glatt, he did it out of love for his children because he didn't want them bussed, didn't want them pushed around.

• 16:41Speaker 01

  But isn't that sounds strange?

• 16:43Speaker 00

  Oh, it sounds more than strange. I mean, I think she's operating right at this point in time when she's talking to the papers under this strange delusion.

• 16:54Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 16:55Speaker 00

  That, okay, if he did it, which I don't think he did, right? Cause she said that he did it because he didn't want his children to be pushed around. You don't get to kill people.

• 17:08Speaker 01

  No.

• 17:09Speaker 00

  For that.

• 17:10Speaker 01

  Especially somebody that hasn't done anything to you.

• 17:14Speaker 00

  Right, you're, you're doing it for the thought that they might push your children around.

• 17:19Speaker 01

  Right.

• 17:20Speaker 00

  I, it's so weird. According to the Dayton Daily News, Dr. Charles Glatt had nothing to do with this desegregation plan under which students were bussed to science centers. That was implemented before he was appointed to create a desegregation plan for Dayton School. Long's older son, 19 year old Stanley, was in the yard when Long dropped Mark off. Stanley recalled, dad just kind of sat there staring straight ahead. It seemed like a long time, maybe two to three minutes. It was like he was in a trance. I called out his name and he didn't seem to hear me. Long mumbled something about busing and left.

• 18:04Speaker 01

  That would be strange to see your dad like that.

• 18:07Speaker 00

  And knowing what we know he's about to do, it does seem as though he was kind of hyper focused.

• 18:15Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 18:15Speaker 00

  On it, like he's not even hearing his kids or, or anything like that. Stanley told the paper, the next thing I knew, I heard on the radio that this segregation guy had been shot. They said the man being held for it had on a filling station uniform. I was worried. I had this feeling it was him. Once I found out for sure, it took me two days to really accept the fact that my dad was in custody. And that would be hard for a kid.

• 18:44Speaker 01

  Absolutely, it would be.

• 18:46Speaker 00

  To think that, you know, your dad's being held for killing multiple people. Grace said she planned to stand behind you, but added, we don't think he should ever be in the streets again. He needs medical and psychiatric help. He is sick.

• 19:02Speaker 01

  Well, that's the truth there. I believe that based on everything that we know. He needed help and probably should have not been out on the streets at that time.

• 19:13Speaker 00

  Long's daughter, 24 year old, Juanita, told the Dayton Daily News, my daddy has been under a doctor's care for several years. She said he had been seeing a psychiatrist recently, but didn't specify why.

• 19:28Speaker 01

  Yeah, but was he? Taking any medication that was prescribed to him. Cause a lot of times people that see a psychiatrist won't follow through on the medication that they should be taking on a daily basis.

• 19:43Speaker 02

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• 20:53Speaker 00

  According to an affidavit for a search warrant, Long admitted to shooting 25 to 30 African-American people in West Dayton and Lower Dayton View over a period of four years. And he also admitted to shooting Dr. Charles Glatt. He claimed he shot people from his Ford Fairlane using a double barrel shotgun, resulting in several deaths.

• 21:19Speaker 01

  Wow.

• 21:20Speaker 00

  That is a lot of people.

• 21:23Speaker 01

  Yeah. 25 to 30 people.

• 21:26Speaker 00

  They didn't all die, but it seems like that was his intention. Again, we talked about it in the first episode, right? If you're shooting a shotgun from a car, depending on how far these people are away, they could be hurt, but not killed, depending on the dispersion of the pellet. He also explained that as he approached Dr. Glass's office, he thought to himself, God, if I find him, I'll kill him. He said he used a 12 gauge shotgun in two fatal shootings on July 15th. Police determined that the type of gun and ammunition described by Long were used in

• 22:08Speaker 00

  the fatal shootings of Larry Romine and Eugene Hore that night. Police also test fired a shotgun found in Long's apartment and found that marks on a shell casing matched those of a shell casing recovered at the scene of one of the July 15 shootings. So, I mean, this goes from what? A confession to evidence that is backing it up.

• 22:36Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 22:37Speaker 00

  Long said that when he first began committing the shootings, he was using a different 12 gauge shotgun. Detectives were continuing to search for an 18 inch barrel, 12 gauge pump shotgun reportedly stolen from Long back in April. In his apartment, police found a semi-automatic 12 gauge shotgun, a 22 caliber pistol and two number two 12 gauge shotgun shells. Additional shells were found in his 1968 blue Ford Fairlane, which some witnesses said matched the description of the hit and run slayer's car.

• 23:18Speaker 00

  So, I mean, you'd have to say, Gibbs, that, you know, things aren't looking good for Long as far as staying out of trouble.

• 23:29Speaker 01

  Right.

• 23:29Speaker 00

  Right? They have quite a bit of evidence against him and he's actually admitting to the things that, that he had done.

• 23:37Speaker 01

  I think the police are probably sitting there going, man, we might have a serial killer. We definitely got a serial shooter here.

• 23:43Speaker 00

  Yeah, no doubt about it. During his questioning, Long's first words to detectives were, as quoted by the Dayton Daily News, I know why you're here. You are here about these colored people getting shot on the west side. And, and obviously that's not language that I would normally use, but it is his quote.

• 24:06Speaker 01

  Sure.

• 24:07Speaker 00

  So I think it's, you have to keep it in because there's no doubt in my mind, Gibbs, that this case does come down to race.

• 24:15Speaker 01

  Oh, for sure.

• 24:16Speaker 00

  It's a very racially motivated person as far as the reasons why he was committing his crimes. Within hours of the killing, Long confessed to drinking beer, smoking marijuana, loading up his gun and going hunting for African-American men.

• 24:38Speaker 01

  Hunting.

• 24:39Speaker 00

  Hunting. He explained that his rage was fueled by one of his sons being bused to a predominantly black school and that black students allegedly teased his children. He said, there was so much trouble between the blacks and the whites. At the time, they made threats against the white people. They didn't want them in West Dayton, and that's why I first started. Authorities initially doubted Long's testimony, but over the following weeks, survivors and witnesses identified Long as the shotgun slayer.

• 25:15Speaker 01

  It's probably one of those things you just don't want to believe, right? I, he can't be telling us the truth. He didn't go out hunting African-American people, men, and shooting them.

• 25:26Speaker 00

  And the number, right? 25 to 30 people he claimed to have shot. In the same Dayton Daily News article that detailed the affidavit, reporters also included a brief interview with Grace, who had just a short visit with Long. She said, he's given up all hope. He was obviously upset. He told me he doesn't want any help from the family or from anyone. He said he will let them pin anything on him they want. Okay, I get that. It's also a strange statement. You've already confessed to quite a few things. I don't know what else they're going to pin on you.

• 26:06Speaker 00

  On September 24th, Dayton Police Chief Grover O'Connor said, there was no longer any reason to fear the hit and run shotgun attacks. Investigators were absolutely convinced that Long was the shooter. However, spokesmen for the West Dayton Residential Sniper Patrol said they believed more than one person was responsible.

• 26:29Speaker 01

  Maybe there was two people. Maybe there was a, a copycat shooter that saw what he was doing and did it too.

• 26:37Speaker 00

  Or maybe it was just hard for people to believe that one person could be responsible for that amount of carnage.

• 26:45Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 26:45Speaker 00

  That day, Long was indicted by a federal grand jury for the murder of Dr. Glass. On September 25th, Chief O'Connor said Long was not a suspect on their radar, but he eventually would have become a suspect in the shotgun slings. Detectives assigned to the case had checked 9,000 Fords and had 3,000 to go and Long owned a Ford Fairlane.

• 27:12Speaker 01

  Oh, 3,000 more to go. I don't know how long that would have taken, but it sounds like maybe a few more people could have been shot.

• 27:20Speaker 00

  Oh, absolutely. And it just tells you the difference in like investigative techniques, right? You could check 12,000 records pretty quickly today with the use of computers and, and maybe narrow it down a little easier. At this time, Montgomery County prosecutors were presenting three cases of aggravated murder and three cases of felonious assault to the county grand jury. A U.S. District Judge ordered that Long undergo a psychiatric evaluation for three months to determine his competency to stand trial.

• 27:59Speaker 00

  On September 26th, 1975, Neil Long was indicted by the Montgomery County Grand Jury in connection with seven hit and run shootings in Dayton. After comparing Long's testimony with dates, locations and times of year, he was charged with several attacks and six murders.

• 28:21Speaker 01

  Now they have a serial killer.

• 28:23Speaker 00

  Prosecutor Lee Falk said Long was also a suspect in 14 other shooting incidents since 1972. So the seven state charges included Edward Tillman for murder, James Watts shooting to kill Larry Romine and Robert Hore, two counts of aggravated murder. Glenda Gay and Leonard Goff attempted aggravated murder. Eddie Friesen, assault with a dangerous weapon. Both Glenda and Leonard testified before the grand jury. On November 3rd, 1975, Long was found mentally competent to stand trial and returned to Dayton

• 29:05Speaker 00

  after undergoing evaluation at a federal prison. On December 9th, Long was indicted on a state charge of felonious assault for the 1973 attack of George Ingram in West Dayton. Long drove through the Cumler and Norwood area and shot at a crowd of people gathered for a birthday party, injuring George Ingram's right hand. In March, 1976, a federal grand jury re-indicted Long for the murder of Dr. Charles Glatt, but he would not be eligible for the death penalty as the U.S. Supreme Court had ruled it unconstitutional. But this new indictment added a charge of violating the U.S. Civil Rights Act.

• 29:50Speaker 01

  This charge is probably going to add some additional time to whatever he is given.

• 29:54Speaker 00

  Yeah, I would think so. The other thing though is, you know, it's interesting, when the Supreme Court ruled the death penalty unconstitutional, we know a lot of very infamous killers had their death sentences commuted. This one's interesting because he hadn't yet been convicted, right? But it was between the time he committed the murders.

• 30:23Speaker 00

  And the time he was convicted.

• 30:25Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 30:26Speaker 00

  So at a certain point, there was no way they could go after the death penalty because it was just no longer an option. On June 17th, 1976, Long pleaded not guilty to murder and interfering with the desegregation of Dayton schools after a US District Judge found him mentally competent to stand trial. In November, 1979, Long underwent independent psychiatric examinations requested by the defense. The judge noted the ruling had no bearing on his mental state at the time of the shooting. And that's an interesting kind of ruling by the judge, right?

• 31:09Speaker 00

  It's basically saying, okay, no matter what these experts come back with, it's not going to have a bearing on his mental state at the time of the shooting. It might be, you know, this is what's going on with him right now.

• 31:24Speaker 01

  Right. But that's not what was going on with him at the time of the shooting is what he's saying.

• 31:29Speaker 00

  Well, maybe the argument is how could you really know? Because you didn't evaluate him at that time. I don't know what the judge was thinking. I mean, that's my best guess. In July, 1976, Long's attorneys notified prosecutors, they intended to add an insanity plea to his not guilty plea for the federal charges. His trial for the murder of Charles Glatte began on November 8th, 1976. Papers reported that Glatte's widow, Jo Hanina, attended court that day. She said that Neil Bradley Long was just another dad who has kids worried about him too.

• 32:11Speaker 00

  She also brought her two children, ages nine and eight, and told the Dayton Daily News, the children have a lot of questions. They've asked several times, what has happened to the man accused of killing their father? They realized he had children, just as their father did, and that he's just another dad. And that's not what you hear from the, the families of a lot of victims.

• 32:37Speaker 01

  No, you don't.

• 32:39Speaker 00

  Mrs. Glatte also said she wasn't bitter towards Long because if he did the things I've already did, he couldn't be sane and responsible for his actions. And I always, I always think that's kind of a strange conclusion to come to. And we've heard that in the past. How could this person do the things they did? They must have been insane because only an insane person could do these things.

• 33:09Speaker 01

  Right, yeah.

• 33:10Speaker 00

  But that's not necessarily true.

• 33:11Speaker 01

  It's not, but maybe allows her to feel better.

• 33:16Speaker 00

  Yeah, maybe. I also think, you know, people in the past have had that kind of misconception. Before testimony began on November 9th, 1976, Long changed his plea to guilty, saying, I believe I am guilty and I plead guilty. Long broke down in tears twice during an hour long questioning by the judge. He said he was sitting outside his ex-wife's home after driving his child home from school. He was upset. He was angry because of the busing of school kids and integration. His family had also been, quote, bitching about busing. He had a fifth of brandy with him and he took two drinks from it.

• 34:01Speaker 00

  He also had a revolver under the seat of his vehicle, which he put there that morning. After he drank the brandy, in Long's words, he said, then I guess I got kind of angry, kind of mad. And I decided I'd go down and try to find Dr. Glatte. He had heard of Glatte before and associated him with the busing of children. He went to the school board office and was told Glatte was at the federal building. He had the gun with him and decided on his way down to the board office. He was going to kill Glatte. He tried twice to get into Glatte's office. It was locked, so he asked the guard to let him in. He admitted that when he walked into the federal building, he was trying to kill Glatte

• 34:47Speaker 00

  and trying to do him harm. He said that when he first went out, he didn't intend to kill him. Maybe just go into his office and jump on him about busing. But the closer he got, the more determined he was to kill him.

• 35:03Speaker 01

  Well, definitely all premeditation.

• 35:06Speaker 00

  Yeah, and I do think it kind of leans away towards the insanity angle, right? I get it, his defense wanted to put that up. But at the end of the day, I mean, he made the decision to, to plead guilty because he said he was guilty. Long also told the judge, he drove miles and miles trying to find a residence where his kids would be away from integration, adding, I'm not saying my attitude was right, but that was the way it was.

• 35:35Speaker 01

  So basically saying, I don't want to say I was racist.

• 35:39Speaker 00

  But I was.

• 35:39Speaker 01

  But I was.

• 35:41Speaker 00

  He wasn't sure what he thought he would accomplish by killing Glatte. He said, I guess I did it just because he was the one doing the planning. I guess I had no intention of stopping. And we kind of talked about that in the first episode, right? How was killing Dr. Glatte going to completely stop busing, desegregation, all of it?

• 36:06Speaker 01

  Yeah, it wasn't.

• 36:07Speaker 00

  Somebody else was going to step in. Long told the judge, he thought about changing his plea during jury selection. The day before, he considered it overnight and informed his attorneys, he wanted to make a plea. Assistant US Attorney Robert Steinberg gave a summary of facts to the judge. He said Long's former wife tried to get in touch with Glatte several times after his appointment because she had questions about busing. The Longs were upset because two of their children were bused to science programs. They were upset further when Glatte did not return calls. And it's one thing to be upset, right? It's one thing to make a call, to want to talk to somebody.

• 36:52Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 36:53Speaker 00

  That's not criminal.

• 36:55Speaker 01

  No.

• 36:55Speaker 00

  Mrs. Glatte told the Daily News, she was shocked and not pleased by the guilty plea. She said, I hate to think of my family and his family going through the rest of their lives, not knowing if he was competent. I think somebody should have to prove it. I would have liked seeing the system work. And again, it's an interesting take that you don't hear from a lot of families of victims. I think she had a, an inkling, or maybe even more than an inkling, that he possibly was not competent, right? His mental health was not such that she felt that, you know, he should have stood trial.

• 37:40Speaker 00

  I don't think there's any doubt she was worried about. Later that day, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney James Brogan said Montgomery County definitely intends to prosecute Long for the seven shootings in the early seventies. In late November, the Dayton police and Montgomery County prosecutors investigators were still searching for a gun they believed was used by Long in the Dayton shootings. Police Lieutenant William Riley said that gun was now owned by someone who was probably unaware of its former owner.

• 38:14Speaker 01

  Probably.

• 38:15Speaker 00

  Well, he's, Long said it had been stolen, right? Maybe it had, maybe he got rid of it. If it had been stolen, okay, probably not out of the question that maybe it was sold to somebody who has no idea of its history. On December 20th, 1976, Montgomery County Prosecutor Lee Falk said three additional murder charges would be filed against Long if investigators found the missing shotgun believed to have been stolen from his home in the fall of 1975. Investigator Ralph Buttle said Dayton police had shell casings from a 12 gauge shotgun that were found at the scenes of three other homicides.

• 38:59Speaker 00

  If those were matched to the gun, it was further proof to bring charge.

• 39:04Speaker 01

  They're moving forward on all this.

• 39:06Speaker 00

  They are, the problem is without the gun, they're kind of stuck, right? They need that shotgun to be able to test it.

• 39:13Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 39:14Speaker 00

  Against the casings that they already had. Now investigators knew that after Long's gun was stolen, it was sold to a man who in turn sold it to the owner of a bar in Morang. The bar owner then sold the gun to another man who worked at the GM Frigidaire plant.

• 39:33Speaker 01

  Okay, well, that could have been thousands of people.

• 39:37Speaker 00

  There was a lot of people that worked at that plant. Both of my grandfathers worked there. Prosecutors wanted this man to come forward and reassured him he would not be charged with a crime. On December 27th, 1976, Long received two consecutive life terms in federal prison. In his report to the Bureau of Prisons, US District Judge Robert DiMasia recommended that Long never be paroled.

• 40:08Speaker 01

  Okay, it's a pretty serious recommendation.

• 40:12Speaker 00

  It is, but is it warranted? I mean, the guy got two consecutive life sentences. They admitted they would have gone after the death penalty had it not been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

• 40:29Speaker 00

  Is this a man who should ever walk the streets again?

• 40:34Speaker 01

  No, he should not.

• 40:35Speaker 00

  I don't believe so either, and I'll tell you why. If you have that type of thinking and you act on it with violence, what's going to change that way of thinking for you? Is prison going to change it? My thought is it's probably only going to make it worse.

• 40:53Speaker 01

  That's what I was thinking.

• 40:54Speaker 00

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• 41:40Speaker 00

  Call 888-789-7777 or visit ccpg.org. Please play responsibly. 21+, physically present in Connecticut, Michigan, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia only. Void in Canada. Eligibility restrictions apply. Non-withdrawable spins issued at 50 spins per day for 20 days. Valid for select games only and expire each day after 24 hours. Spins values vary. See terms at casino.draftkings.com/promos. Ends November 22, 2026 at 11:59 PM Eastern Time. Next, Long was turned over to Montgomery County for his upcoming trial for the Dayton shootings.

• 42:22Speaker 00

  On January 12, 1977, he pleaded not guilty and not guilty by reason of insanity to the seven charges in Montgomery County. And I don't know what you have to lose at this point. You've already received two consecutive life terms. I don't know what you have to gain either, to be honest with you.

• 42:42Speaker 01

  Well, that's true.

• 42:43Speaker 00

  Because now something could happen to those sentences, right? They could be wiped out. You could be retried. So based on that, I guess you do want to fight everything you can. In May 1977, a hearing was held because Long's lawyers wanted to move his trial from Dayton and suppress the statement he gave to federal and state investigators following his arrest. The defense argued his statement was improperly taken because Long indicated he wished to speak to an attorney. Officer Dave Galloway, who arrested Long, said he was calm and volunteered the information that he shot Glat to stop busing.

• 43:28Speaker 00

  He asked if Long had a lawyer. And when Long said no, he asked if he wanted to consult. Long replied, it might not be a bad idea. And, and this is an interesting kind of situation. I've seen it in interrogation videos before, right? A lot of times people say, I don't want to answer any questions. I want a lawyer.

• 43:52Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 43:52Speaker 00

  So at that point, investigators are required to stop asking them questions.

• 43:58Speaker 01

  Right.

• 43:59Speaker 00

  The problem is it, it doesn't always stop the suspect from continuing to talk.

• 44:06Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 44:07Speaker 00

  And obviously anything they say at that point is fair game.

• 44:12Speaker 01

  I mean, they're choosing to continue instead of just locking it up.

• 44:17Speaker 00

  And they're not being asked questions. They, they may just be volunteering information. Psychiatrist Dr. Jerome Logan, requested by the defense, testified that Long was acutely psychotic at the time of the murder. He examined Long twice in 1976 and reviewed his records. He noted that Long hallucinated commands from God for the last decade, and his medical evidence showed continuing and acute evidence of psychosis. He said Long was a residential type schizophrenic who heard commands from God to harm himself and others. Long's inability to control himself indicated his actions were not voluntary.

• 45:01Speaker 00

  This testimony was part of the defense's effort to exclude Long's confession. Logan also testified that Long's psychosis prevented him from making a truly voluntary statement. And this is a big deal, right?

• 45:17Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 45:17Speaker 00

  Whether or not this confession is allowed at trial, it's either a blow to the defense or a big win for the defense.

• 45:27Speaker 01

  I mean, because when you think about what he said in the statement, he sounded sane.

• 45:33Speaker 00

  Lucid.

• 45:34Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 45:34Speaker 00

  Yeah. But also what he said was damning.

• 45:38Speaker 01

  It was.

• 45:39Speaker 00

  Or would be to a jury, right? At another hearing in June, Dr. Milton Parker testified that Long was not psychotic at the time of the 1975 shooting. He was unable to control his impulses, but he did know what he was doing.

• 45:56Speaker 01

  That kind of aligns with his statement.

• 45:59Speaker 00

  It does. Is it shocking though? That you have one expert who testifies one way and then another expert who testifies the other way?

• 46:10Speaker 01

  Yeah, I'm not surprised.

• 46:11Speaker 00

  No, happens almost every trial, right? Where experts are involved. Montgomery County Assistant Prosecutor James Brogan said on June 14, 1977, that a plea bargaining decision in the case would depend on psychiatric testimony from defense and prosecution witnesses. On June 22, it was reported that Long was expected to plead guilty in Montgomery County Court in exchange for a promise to drop the death penalty. The deal was offered the week prior by Assistant Prosecutor James Brogan. County Prosecutor Lee Falk, who was adamant in his refusal to make a plea deal,

• 46:53Speaker 00

  said testimony from psychiatrists and psychologists the week before the hearing caused him to reconsider. A judge ruled much of the evidence against Long would be admissible in court, including his statements after his arrest. Brogan said the prosecution's case could be complicated by District Court of Appeals ruling involving insanity cases. And they may have to prove Long was sane at the time of the shooting. Long's attorney, James Gilvery, said the hearing was a turning point in whether the prosecutor's office would plea bargain the case. And what I'm hearing, Gibbs, is that they're not feeling as confident, right?

• 47:38Speaker 00

  The prosecution.

• 47:39Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 47:39Speaker 00

  They're reconsidering some of this testimony, maybe about his mental state. So what are the options? Okay, you go to trial, you roll the dice. If a jury finds that he was not sane at the time of the murders, well, he's still got the two, the consecutive life sentences, but he's not going to get more.

• 48:03Speaker 01

  Right.

• 48:04Speaker 00

  If you take the plea deal, you're kind of wrapping everything up without taking the chance. And that's the decision that, you know, a lot of prosecutors have to make.

• 48:15Speaker 01

  Yeah, at least you can stack some years on to his current sentence.

• 48:20Speaker 00

  Which is two consecutive life sentences.

• 48:22Speaker 01

  Yes. So, I mean, you gotta feel pretty good.

• 48:25Speaker 00

  Yeah, I mean, is it that important in the grand scheme of things? As far as his sins? I would say no. Is it important to the families of the victims? I would say yes.

• 48:36Speaker 01

  Yes.

• 48:37Speaker 00

  Right? You want someone to be held accountable.

• 48:40Speaker 01

  Sure.

• 48:41Speaker 00

  Yeah. For what happened to your loved ones. That day, Long admitted to killing three men in West Dayton and Daytonview in the early 1970s. Larry Romine, Edward Tillman, and Robert Horton. He also pleaded guilty to five lesser charges. He received three consecutive life terms for the murder charges and 22 to 85 years for the lesser charges to run consecutively. So the governor or parole board would never be tempted to release him. So that's what? Five consecutive life sentences altogether?

• 49:24Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 49:24Speaker 00

  And then for good measure, another 22 to 85 years on top of that, that's also running consecutive.

• 49:34Speaker 01

  Basically saying, eh, you're not going anywhere.

• 49:37Speaker 00

  No, you are going to die in prison.

• 49:40Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 49:41Speaker 00

  Retha Taylor, the sister of Larry Romine, told the Dayton Daily News, I'm satisfied. I feel justice has been done. Mary Tillman, the mother of Edward, said, I think when someone does such a thing, takes another person's life, then that person should have their life taken too.

• 50:01Speaker 01

  I don't think she's alone in that thought process.

• 50:03Speaker 00

  No, some people feel like that. Assistant Prosecutor James Brogan said after the hearing, it's a strange thing, but it's unlikely the sniper shootings would have ever been solved if it hadn't been for the Glat death.

• 50:19Speaker 01

  That's a very strong possibility.

• 50:22Speaker 00

  On July 1, 1977, the judge released Long's confession tape, which revealed at least two men were still alive today because Long's shotgun was empty. This 15-minute tape statement was recorded after his arrest. Long described one shooting incident in depth, saying, "One night, I come upon this fellow in a phone booth, and I was probably 75 yards from him, and I pointed the gun out the window at him, and he come out of that phone booth, and I didn't think a man could go that fast or roll that fast. He rolled all that distance, come around the front of the car,

• 51:06Speaker 00

  held on to the side door and said, why, man? Why? I never said anything. My gun was unloaded." And I'll be honest with you. I thought that was kind of a strange story. I feel like if I was in a phone booth, which... Good luck finding one of those nowadays.

• 51:24Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 51:25Speaker 00

  But, you know, if I was in a phone booth back in the day and I some saw someone pointing a shotgun at me out of their car window. Yeah, I, my first reaction would probably be to run, to roll, but it sounds like this guy rolled towards the danger.

• 51:41Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 51:42Speaker 00

  And got next to the car and started talking to this man.

• 51:46Speaker 01

  Thinking if I can close that gap, he can't hit me with that gun, I can talk some sense into him.

• 51:51Speaker 00

  Maybe, but it's also scary, right? To think that if not for his gun being unloaded, he could have had two other victims.

• 52:02Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 52:03Speaker 00

  He described another incident that occurred while he was driving on Broadway Street and passed a black man walking down the street. He said, "I pointed my gun out the window at him. The same thing happened that time. I'd fired it and hadn't reloaded it." See? So I pointed it at him and he just kept walking and I pulled the trigger and nothing happened.

• 52:27Speaker 01

  I'm guessing the individual didn't see the gun pointed at him.

• 52:30Speaker 00

  And may never even have known.

• 52:32Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 52:33Speaker 00

  That he came very, very close to dying that night. Long said he turned around and drove back because he was determined to shoot the man. He said, "I said, I'll get him this time and I pointed the gun out the window and pulled the trigger and nothing happened again." And he was just walking on down the street and he looked at me, you know, just like to hell with you, which I'm not sure would be my first thought if I saw someone pointing a shotgun at me. A detective asked him, "Why did you start that to begin with?" And Long replied, "Well, there was so much trouble between the blacks and the whites and the blacks looked like they were doing everything they could at that time.

• 53:18Speaker 00

  They made threats against the white people. They didn't want them in West Dayton. It wasn't safe. It wasn't safe to go to work across West Dayton and that's why I first started." He started with a Marlin shotgun. He sawed off himself and later bought a 12 gauge shotgun he used a few times. He claimed the first time he remembered shooting someone was on Riverview Avenue. He said, "I was driving east and there was a, a black man walking down the street on the right-hand side of the street with his coat across his shoulder. And when I pointed the gun out the passenger side at him, he started to run and fell. When he jumped back up, I shot him and he fell again.

• 54:02Speaker 00

  He went on from there and shot three or four people that night." According to him, he said about the last time he committed any random shootings, "There was three that night, but the last one was on Cincinnati Street and I was going south on Cincinnati and he was out in the yard and I pointed the gun out the window and fired quick and missed him and he started running and I fired the second time. He started between the houses and I fired the second time and he fell." He explained that he committed the shootings in the summer because it was warm enough to roll the windows down.

• 54:40Speaker 01

  Okay.

• 54:41Speaker 00

  So he's factoring in the weather.

• 54:43Speaker 01

  Yes. It's so weird to hear all these street names because I know where all these streets are.

• 54:48Speaker 00

  Yeah, that's what other people experience, right? When they hear a case that is in, you know, the, the town where they live. Long said, "There was no reason why he shot 25 to 30 black people over a four-year period. He would have killed more, but he feared publicity about the sniper shootings would lead to his arrest." And, but that's a, that's a wild thing to say. There was no reason. There was a reason.

• 55:16Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 55:18Speaker 00

  The shootings were racially motivated.

• 55:20Speaker 01

  Absolutely.

• 55:21Speaker 00

  So to me, it's a lie to say there was no reason. The last night he went out, he said he probably had been drinking enough to get drunk. He always picked men to shoot at. In one instance, when he shot a woman, he was aiming at her male companion.

• 55:38Speaker 01

  Just a bad shot.

• 55:39Speaker 00

  Just a bad shot. And let's face it, a shotgun is not the most accurate at distance. In July, 1977, Long began serving his two life sentences at the U.S. Medical Center for Federal Prisoners in Springfield, Missouri. He was placed in a maximum security unit. In the mid 1990s, he was transferred to the Federal Medical Center in Rochester, Minnesota, where he died in 1998. And we mentioned it in part one, Gibbs, but the September 1st, 1966 shooting of Lester Mitchell, which sparked the Dayton race riot, remains unsolved.

• 56:21Speaker 00

  In 2016, the Dayton Daily News published an article where a former Dayton officer claimed Long to have been the person who killed Lester Mitchell. Retired Detective Dan Baker believes there is evidence that Neil Long killed Mitchell. Baker came to this realization after retiring from the department and writing a book with his wife titled Blood in the Streets: Racism, Riots, and Murders in the Heartland of America, published in 2014. As he began to research the Mitchell killing, he began to think there was a link. Baker said it hadn't occurred to anyone that Long was responsible because most people

• 57:04Speaker 00

  thought Mitchell's killer had already been identified. Apparently several months after the murder, Dayton's police chief told the media that a jailhouse snitch had identified Mitchell's killer as another man who died in a shootout. Baker found little evidence that police put much effort into confirming the theory and the police file listed the crime as unsolved. But Baker realized the description of the killer, the time, place, and MO were the same. Long also walked into the Dayton PD on Halloween, 1966 and claimed he stabbed and possibly killed a black man two decades earlier.

• 57:45Speaker 00

  Long later told a federal court psychologist that he shot at 100 black people and killed possibly 20.

• 57:53Speaker 01

  That's a lot of shooting.

• 57:55Speaker 00

  And it's a lot of killing. Baker also noted that officials missed several opportunities to stop Long. Two months after the Mitchell shooting at roughly the same time of morning, Long crashed his car into the Rosedale Drive Bridge into West Dayton over Wolf Creek. It was raining and the responding officer didn't search the car. Long told doctors he heard voices from God and was committed to a state mental hospital. The FBI also kept a file on Long after he sent a letter criticizing J. Edgar Hoover. They tracked his mail and his interest in communism. You know what you don't want to do?

• 58:35Speaker 01

  What?

• 58:35Speaker 00

  Or didn't want to do back in the day is send a letter criticizing J. Edgar Hoover.

• 58:40Speaker 01

  No, that would not have been taken well.

• 58:42Speaker 00

  You are going to be tracked at some level. As of 2026, it doesn't appear that Long has been officially linked to the murder of Lester Mitchell. Neil Bradley Long, known as the Shotgun Slayer, remains one of the most notorious racially motivated killers in Dayton's history. I think it's entirely possible, Gibbs, that he has more victims than he admitted to killing and their identities may never be known or connected to him. I mean, we just talked about it, right? He told a, a psychologist that he had shot 100 people.

• 59:27Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 59:28Speaker 00

  And, and possibly killed 20. So is it hard to believe that he has more victims than, than what's known? And I would say no.

• 59:36Speaker 01

  Yeah. I definitely feel like murder count could be a lot higher.

• 59:41Speaker 00

  Yeah, that possibility definitely exists. But that's it for our two-parter on Neil Bradley Long, the Shotgun Slayer. We got a voicemail. You want to check that out?

• 59:51Speaker 01

  Let's hear it.

• 59:52Speaker 03

  Hey, Mike and Gibby, this is Drew from Birmingham, Alabama. Just wanted to let you guys know that I have not quit listening to you guys since June of this year. I started at y'all's latest episode and I've worked my way back all the way to episode 123. Just wanted to say how much I appreciate you guys getting me through my work day. I mean, I'm listening to y'all 10 hours a day, five days a week and y'all just make it so much easier on me. But I just wanted to tell y'all, thank you for everything you do. Thank you for the stories, the cases, how well y'all implement, you know, the victim's stories and their families and y'all give a very detailed story. But anyways, y'all keep your own time ticking.

• 1:00:31Speaker 00

  All right. Appreciate the voicemail very much, the kudos. Gibbs, by my math, that's 50 hours a week.

• 1:00:38Speaker 01

  That's a lot, man.

• 1:00:39Speaker 00

  That's a lot.

• 1:00:40Speaker 01

  And you were just complaining last week. You're like, you know, I don't think Drew's listening anymore. And I said, "I think he is, you know, don't just judge him like that, you know? And, uh, here he is. He's actually listening."

• 1:00:52Speaker 00

  Yeah, that's the exact conversation we had.

• 1:00:55Speaker 01

  That's a lot, that's a lot of listening though.

• 1:00:57Speaker 00

  It is, it is a lot of listening and we appreciate, we appreciate you listening for sure and we appreciate the voice.

• 1:01:02Speaker 01

  We do, man.

• 1:01:03Speaker 00

  All right, buddy. That is it for another episode of True Crime All the Time. So for Mike.

• 1:01:08Speaker 01

  And Gibby.

• 1:01:08Speaker 00

  Stay safe and keep your own time ticking.