Cosmic Queries – StarTalk-ology with Alie Ward

What kinds of ologies are out there? On this episode, Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice explore and answer questions about the vast world of niche sciences with science communicator and host of "Ologies," Alie Ward.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:01Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Welcome to StarTalk, your place in the universe where science and pop culture collide. StarTalk begins right now.

• 0:15Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  This is StarTalk Cosmic Queries Edition. I'm your host Neil deGrasse Tyson, your personal astrophysicist, and we can't do Cosmic Queries without Chuck Nice. Chuck, welcome back.

• 0:27Chuck Nice?

  Hey Neil, and by the way, you could.

• 0:33Chuck Nice?

  You say you can't do it without me.

• 0:35Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I'm sorry, I was lying.

• 0:36Chuck Nice?

  You're being kind to me. You're being kind and I appreciate it. You know, you're like, "We couldn't do this without Chuck Nice," but I've actually seen shows where you have.

• 0:51Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Okay. Damn, called me, I thought I could slip that one by, but apparently not. Okay. But good to have you Chuck. And we've got a special guest, a guest we've never had, and I don't know how she went under our radar for so many years. We've got Ali Ward with us. Ali, welcome to StarTalk.

• 1:12Speaker 02

  I'm here. I'm so happy to incite such excited stammering. Here I am. No one can believe I'm here, least of all me. Hi.

• 1:24Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So you've got quite the thing going on. You've taken ownership of all the ologies of the universe and have delivered them back to us in digestible bites, not only in your Twitter stream, but in podcasts and videos. So this is just, I love it. Well, let me say something here if I can, just, I don't want to sound like, you know, Father Time on the porch on the rocking chair, but you have a background that would not immediately indicate that you do exactly this, but your background is all the background you need to do exactly this, right? So there are students who study acting because they want to be an actor, right? So they go to law school, you're going to be a lawyer. Business school, you're in business.

• 2:09Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  And you do these things, and now you invented all of this stuff because that is that melange of talent now unique to you, and that can only manifest in products. That are the unique paw print of what you bring to it.

• 2:23Speaker 02

  That makes me feel a lot better about job security, I'll have to say.

• 2:30Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Tell that to your parents and say, where did we go wrong? She's not on the beach.

• 2:35Speaker 02

  But I mean, you know, I think that really one thing I've learned from ologies so much is that the people that I interview are so passionate about what they study, whether they're a ufologist studying toads, or they're someone who is a fire ecologist or whatever, they tend to really love their jobs. And so I think I've really learned from doing ologies is figure out what you love the most and then just gravitate toward that.

• 2:59Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Passionology.

• 3:00Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 3:01Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  The study of watching people get excited about their work.

• 3:03Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 3:04Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I just invented an ology. So there.

• 3:06Speaker 02

  I can actually use that. Now that you've said it, I can use it. So I didn't invent it. You did.

• 3:11Chuck Nice?

  Maybe, maybe there's an ology for my passion, butology. Is there?

• 3:15Speaker 02

  You know who I had on? I did do gluteology with Natalia Reagan, who has been on StarTalk a bunch. So she-

• 3:22Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yes, we've, yes, she's a friend of StarTalk.

• 3:24Speaker 02

  We talked all about butts. We talked all about-

• 3:26Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Because the primate butt is a whole thing with the orangutan.

• 3:29Speaker 02

  Yep. Talked about gluteology.

• 3:31Chuck Nice?

  And the mandrill, the, yeah, the, the big red butted, yeah.

• 3:35Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Gluteology, that's what it's called.

• 3:36Speaker 02

  Gluteology. Yep.

• 3:37Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So do humans have the biggest butts? Humans have the biggest butts, right?

• 3:40Speaker 02

  We do.

• 3:41Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Of all the primates.

• 3:42Speaker 02

  And I'm going to use first person plural on that. I'm going to include myself on that. We do have the biggest butts.

• 3:47Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's very kind of you.

• 3:49Speaker 02

  The juiciest of rum.

• 3:50Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Very inclusive of you.

• 3:51Speaker 02

  Yes, it is.

• 3:52Chuck Nice?

  You're, you're a bit fine primate when you back that thing up. There you go.

• 3:56Speaker 02

  And for a reason. So yeah, you can listen to, um, to her episode and learn all about it. But that's kind of, I realized I was really good at being curious and, and just nosey enough to be uncomfortable in some situations. So it turns out-

• 4:11Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I got you. You need that because that cat should be on the, the edge of your comfort zone, which is always important. Otherwise, nothing new shows up. And what did you study in school?

• 4:19Speaker 02

  I studied science. I loved science and I also loved fine art. And so I was studying illustration and science and I couldn't decide which way to go. And I thought maybe I would do both, but I ended up, um, as a double major in biology and film.

• 4:33Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Well, there it is. And you're the full manifestation of that. That's great.

• 4:36Chuck Nice?

  And, and then she, if you notice, Neil, if you notice, there's a very distinct dichotomy in her choices. One actually pays money where you can get a job and the other one doesn't. So she's like, fine art and science. Which one can I live on? Which one? What's biology and television? Hmm.

• 4:59Speaker 02

  I mean, ask a grad student, though. There are grad students listening saying, do you know how much grad students make?

• 5:04Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Wait, Ali, let me put Chuck in his place here. I gotta put Chuck in his place. Your fine art infuses the depth and elegance of everything else you do. So no, you may not be specifically making money from the fine art. Everything else you're doing is enhanced by it.

• 5:22Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, I tried to say that. I tried to tell my mother that. When I went into comedy, I tried to, I tried to do the same thing, Neil. Did not work, did not work.

• 5:30Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Did not work, okay.

• 5:33Chuck Nice?

  She's like, you need to infuse some money into this rent. How about that?

• 5:39Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's good.

• 5:40Speaker 02

  Isn't, there is anology for that. Gelatology is the study of humor. And I interviewed someone who told me he was, it's Dr. Burke down in Loma Linda. He studies the effects of laughter on, on medical patients. And he is a man who is serious about laughter. And it was one of the driest interviews I've ever done, which I thought was absolutely perfect because he's so serious.

• 6:03Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Wait, wait, so, wait, wait, wait, so, so if you say, I was laughing so hard, I was in stitches. That would have extra meaning to him.

• 6:13Speaker 02

  It probably would. It probably, I think.

• 6:15Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Because if I, or, or if I bust out my stitches, I don't want to laugh too hard. You know, if I'm in the hospital trying to recover, I don't want Chuck too near me because I might laugh too hard.

• 6:25Speaker 02

  You could just say, I was laughing so hard, I was lengthening my telomeres is a better way to say it.

• 6:30Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Oh, good.

• 6:31Chuck Nice?

  You live, you live longer when you laugh. Is that the deal?

• 6:34Speaker 02

  That's the deal.

• 6:35Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Okay. Yeah, you want to, you want to, the telomeres are good, good. Chuck, you, we have questions for, is that right?

• 6:42Chuck Nice?

  That is right.

• 6:43Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Was solicited from our fanbase.

• 6:44Chuck Nice?

  This was so much fun. I forgot we were doing a, a cosmic queries.

• 6:48Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Cosmic queries, yeah. What do you have for us?

• 6:51Chuck Nice?

  Okay, so let's just start off with Adam Crowther or Crowther? It's C O, C R O W and then thur. So Crowther, Crowther? I don't know. Anyway, he says, thank you for this opportunity to ask the question.

• 7:03Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Chuck, you never know. So, I never know. So, okay, go on.

• 7:08Chuck Nice?

  I wish I could refute that. But I can't.

• 7:12Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  You can't.

• 7:13Chuck Nice?

  Okay, here we go. He says, "Thank you for the opportunity to ask this question. I have friends and family who have been convinced that COVID vaccination is useless against the disease and it will be harmful to our health. They are motivated by the general distrust of conventional medicine and faith in alternative, so-called holistic and spiritualistic healing methods and their strong belief in the paranormal." Ooh. So, um, he says, "How do I approach this discussion?" Adam, so you're a person who studies everything.

• 7:47Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Each of the fields that you dip your toes in or, or full body in require some sensitivity to the vocabulary, the jargon, the what's interesting, what's not. And so you have to think this through and somewhere in there, you would have come up with methods, tools and tactics of communicating what needs to get out there. So what have you, what can you share with us on this topic?

• 8:11Speaker 02

  Well, you know, I was lucky enough to study biology and I used to read a lot of journals for fun when I was in college. I was a dork, so luckily I have that kind of background. But, um, you know, things like this, when it comes to communicating science, that I always try to start from is just empathy and understanding where someone's coming from. Whether it is asking a scientist to share their work or whether it's trying to get these ideas to the public. And so I think, of course, there's things that are infuriating about this, but if you are with someone who does not want to understand science or is blocked to it, always come from an empathetic standpoint of what are they scared of?

• 8:55Speaker 02

  I think typically fear is what blocks us off from a lot of learning. So what are they scared of?

• 9:02Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  This would come from side. Call O G.

• 9:05Speaker 02

  Yes, an Ology, indeed.

• 9:10Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  See what I did there? Am I good? Am I good?

• 9:12Speaker 02

  Loved it. Loved it. Haven't done that episode yet. Too brat a top.

• 9:16Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  OK.

• 9:17Speaker 02

  But yeah.

• 9:17Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  But the idea that the empathy at least doesn't have them dig their heels in more strongly. You might be able to find a place to have that conversation.

• 9:28Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 9:28Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I mean, a space, a conversational space.

• 9:30Speaker 02

  Yeah, there's no, you don't do any good if you are being condescending to someone or patronizing, or if you are annoyed at them for their beliefs. Doesn't do anyone good. You don't get, it doesn't help anyone.

• 9:42Chuck Nice?

  Well, I'm doing this whole thing wrong because I have, I have the Fred Sanford approach. Shut up, dummy. Shut up.

• 9:51Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, he did say that, didn't he?

• 9:53Speaker 02

  Does not open a lot of minds. So try to address what they're scared of and then try to perhaps talk to them about how scary the other alternative is, you know, in this, in terms of vaccination.

• 10:02Chuck Nice?

  So, so what you're saying is you're an idiot is not a good opener.

• 10:07Speaker 02

  I say, no. But it's a good closer if they don't listen to you.

• 10:12Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  We, we have to get you back on another show the week before Thanksgiving, before everyone goes home.

• 10:18Speaker 02

  Yes.

• 10:18Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So that the Thanksgiving dinner conversations can, so no one dies.

• 10:22Speaker 02

  Yep.

• 10:22Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  All right, we'll have the special.

• 10:24Speaker 02

  Yeah. I have two Ologies for you, though. We do have Vaccine Infodemiology, which premiered in January, has a lot of information, has a lot of talk about vaccine hesitancy and where those come from, from a historical, psychological place, and Agnotology, which is the study of willful ignorance, which is a real study, and I talked to a Stanford professor about that. So those episodes are there in case you want to understand why some people just don't.

• 10:48Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  OK, very good. I like, I like the overview there. Very good. We're going to take a quick break. When we come back, more Q and A with the queen of Ologies, Ali Ward on StarTalk.

• 11:08Chuck Nice?

  Hi, I'm Chris Cohen from Hallworth, New Jersey, and I support StarTalk on Patreon. Please enjoy this episode of StarTalk Radio with your and my favorite personal astrophysicist, Neil deGrasse Tyson.

• 11:27Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  We're back, StarTalk Cosmic Queries Edition. I got Chuck with me, and Chuck, we have a guest. I don't know how we missed her the past eight years that we've been doing this.

• 11:36Chuck Nice?

  I know.

• 11:37Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Ali Ward, welcome. Welcome to StarTalk.

• 11:40Speaker 02

  I'm here.

• 11:41Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  How do we find you on Twitter?

• 11:42Speaker 02

  Oh, just @AliWard, A-L-I-E-W-A-R-D, or Ologies. Just @Ologies on everything. I sat on those handles. I got them. They're mine. Ologies.

• 11:53Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Nice. So you own Ology?

• 11:55Speaker 02

  I do. I do. I couldn't believe the handles were available.

• 11:58Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I don't know if that's a good thing or a bad thing. I have to think about that.

• 12:01Speaker 02

  It's a good thing.

• 12:02Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, it is. If you turn evil, then to control the Ologies is you become a superhero nemesis.

• 12:11Speaker 02

  Yeah, no, that's my plan. Yeah, my plan is to ruin everything. You're just seeing part of my backstory now. So someone's gonna wrong me, and then I'm gonna use everything.

• 12:19Chuck Nice?

  This is her origin story right now.

• 12:21Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So Chuck, we have to be nice to her, because no telling what powers she's in.

• 12:25Chuck Nice?

  We might turn her into an evilologist.

• 12:27Speaker 02

  Yep, yeah. Lightning's gonna come out of my eyes. I'm gonna own the world. It's gonna be great.

• 12:31Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  There you go. So Chuck, we solicited questions specifically for her in this unheard Ology universe. So what do you have there?

• 12:40Chuck Nice?

  Okay, here we go. This is Chapter Lipschitz, who says, "Hey, what's up, stellar StarTalk crew? Neil and Chuck. Chester Lipschitz here with the question about ancient science. Clearly, man-made discoveries before language, even though they did not formally fall into today's definition of 'science,' do you think there would have been a limit to the advancement of civilization without language?" Ooh, interesting.

• 13:13Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I like that.

• 13:15Chuck Nice?

  Is there an

• 13:16Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So Ali, have you interviewed any linguists? Or anybody who's thought about this language in the brain?

• 13:22Speaker 02

  I haven't, I haven't. But I want to say, obviously, I guess it depends on how you define language. Because there are so many animals that use language and have different ways of communicating. So are you talking, are they talking about just written language? Are they talking about syntax? Because there's, I mean, there are different primate, there are monkeys and that have different dialects in terms of where they grow up in certain rainforests.

• 13:49Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I'm thinking every species of animal on earth has no trouble communicating with other members of its species. All right, I mean, you look at ants and bees and birds and they're just having, doing fine. And I bet cavemen, you know, the cave people, they, without a dictionary and a language and a school, I'm sure they communicated with each other when they were hungry, when they needed more food, when they're sleepy. I mean, so, so maybe let's, maybe we should tune the question a little tighter and ask, maybe basic discoveries could be communicated, but not subtle nuances of discoveries which would require a more sophisticated way of communication. What do you think of that?

• 14:33Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's my answer and I'm sticking to it.

• 14:35Speaker 02

  It's a good answer.

• 14:36Chuck Nice?

  I think we would find those nuances because the same way we found nuances for when you're deaf or when you're blind, we always seem to find a way to communicate with each other as, as, as human beings. And even if we didn't have that, we would just find a way to communicate those nuances.

• 14:55Speaker 02

  It would be interesting to look at, yeah, written language and technology. And if they follow a similar curve, if there's a certain like limiting factor. I don't know, but I will say that I want to just deconstruct the question in terms of what is language? Because I think that we have a very narrow definition of that. In terms of like, what is human written language? That's what I say. I say go back to your question. Retinker the language of your question and then we'll, we'll re-answer it.

• 15:20Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Ooh, okay.

• 15:21Speaker 02

  That's what I say.

• 15:22Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Damn, just send them back to the drawing room.

• 15:23Chuck Nice?

  Hey, Ali. Hey, Ali.

• 15:25Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 15:26Chuck Nice?

  We have to be here next week, okay?

• 15:29Speaker 02

  Chester, I think it's a good question, Chester. I do. I do. I just want to deconstruct a little bit.

• 15:36Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  How about this? How about this? Let me, let me leapfrog this and say, science as we now think of it, took great leaps and advances only after scientific journals became the common way discoveries were shared, not only within a country but across national boundaries, speaking whatever was the agreed upon language of the day. And you go back several hundred years, it was Latin. The language of the erudite and the scientific communication. That's when it really took a, took a jump. So I have to say, whether or not it's spoken language, the simple act of communicating a discovery at a distance mattered greatly.

• 16:15Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, and you're, and you know what? That's so interesting because that's where the codification comes in. Is the fact that you're able to have these, you know, um, records. So that you can go back and compare and then compare across distances.

• 16:31Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  You don't have to reinvent something.

• 16:32Chuck Nice?

  You don't have to reinvent something.

• 16:33Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Record. Not only the, the record of what's been discovered, but the record of, of, of dead ends. So you don't have to repeat the mistakes of people who came before you.

• 16:44Chuck Nice?

  Fascinating. Great job.

• 16:46Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Right.

• 16:47Speaker 02

  Good question.

• 16:47Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Keep going.

• 16:48Chuck Nice?

  That was awesome. All right, here we go. Uh, Tom says, um, C E Z. So, I don't know. Uh, he says, I think being nice is better for teaching the scientific method. What are the verified experiments showing which teaching methods are best? Ew.

• 17:13Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah. So, so Ali, what's this field? I mean, other than the field of education, is there an ology associated with that?

• 17:21Speaker 02

  I think I had, I had Bill Nye on. Headache, headache pathology. He's this guy, he's um.

• 17:30Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Who's that guy?

• 17:30Speaker 02

  He's a young.

• 17:31Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Don't, don't, just, just, just.

• 17:33Speaker 02

  He just started, just started, he's just starting out in his career. And um.

• 17:38Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's right.

• 17:39Speaker 02

  We talked about science communication and um. He essentially was talking about how you shouldn't introduce a concept with a big word first. You should talk about the concept first and then define it instead of just dropping a big word. Essentially, I think not alienating people is the biggest hurdle to get over with science communication. So I guess I would err on the side of being nice in terms of trying to be as inclusive as possible and have it be a welcoming space. Because I think one thing about science that intimidates people, especially laypeople, is they think that scientists are all in lab coats, they know everything, they don't break anything,

• 18:20Speaker 02

  they don't make any mistakes, they don't fail at anything, they are just imbued with knowledge. They don't realize that scientists.

• 18:26Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Inaccessible, inaccessible to them.

• 18:29Speaker 02

  They don't realize that scientists are just really curious people who do a lot of experiments that mess up a lot until they find an answer. So I think trying to come at it from a more humanistic, like, hop on board, learn what you can, instead of like, get out of here.

• 18:43Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I like that. I like that, rather than think of it as something up on the ivory tower hill.

• 18:47Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 18:48Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That you have no access to. Very good.

• 18:50Speaker 02

  And I also think the more varied backgrounds we have in science, the different questions people ask. I think if you have the same people in science, they're going to ask the same kind of questions of their experiments. And I think that's one thing I really love about doing all of these, is having all these different types of scientists who approach their research based on their own background. So yeah, I think hop on in, we need as many scientists as possible, so. Nice, nice is better.

• 19:14Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Okay.

• 19:15Speaker 02

  I think.

• 19:16Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, I agree, all right.

• 19:17Chuck Nice?

  All right, very cool. So uh, thanks for the uh, supercilious answer, Ally, I don't know.

• 19:26Chuck Nice?

  English humor.

• 19:28Speaker 02

  Loved it.

• 19:30Chuck Nice?

  Here we go. Stephen Somers wants to know this. He says, hey, say you've spoken on TV or a podcast to a huge audience with total confidence in your idea, only to find out later that you got something wrong. How do you set the record straight when that happens?

• 19:53Speaker 02

  That's a great question.

• 19:54Chuck Nice?

  That is a great question.

• 19:56Speaker 02

  One thing I recommend if people struggle with this is just take what you need from your house and go live in a cave for the rest of your life. Don't show your face again. Remove yourself from society. You failed. It's all over, is what I would say. Um, no, that's not. I would say.

• 20:15Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Chuck, you're right. We do have to be here next week.

• 20:19Speaker 02

  I, I think, you know, I think one thing that a lot of people don't realize is that science is evolving. There are so many things we thought about science and then we did more experiments and learned something else. And so, understanding that science and just knowledge, human knowledge, is always elastic. It's always changing. You may have been wrong. That's great. Admit it. Cop to it. Issue a correction on Twitter and Instagram and on your website and move on with your life. I think.

• 20:47Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Wait, wait, Ollie, there are two kinds of wrongs. One of them is, this is what we think is true today, but more research may undo it later. And so, I say, well, three years ago, I got, I got that wrong because that's the best we knew at the time. That's different from blunder, where you just simply say something that's just flat out wrong and someone calls, calls you out later on. So that's a more of an embarrassing kind of error. So do, should that person move to the cave forever?

• 21:14Speaker 02

  I would say, I would say, remember, every human is a human. Everyone makes mistakes and you know, they say there's a fixed mindset and a growth mindset. One is like too afraid to make make mistakes. Others, I make a mistake and I move on from it. So I think the best thing you can do is admit your wrongs, apologize for them sincerely and put out a correction.

• 21:37Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  And so, so we have to work on that mindset. That's a mindset that people fear, I think. Because you know, what is it they said that the scariest thing, even scarier than death is speaking in public?

• 21:49Speaker 02

  Yes.

• 21:50Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  For some people?

• 21:51Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 21:51Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I, I never understood that because I, I never had an issue with that.

• 21:55Speaker 02

  I mean, you think people would rather be at the front of the room at their own funeral than giving the eulogy of somebody else's.

• 22:05Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Then in the front of the room of a, of a full house, right?

• 22:09Speaker 02

  Yeah. And so, I mean, unless there is a sniper or you're going to die straight up of a heart attack at the speaking podium, you'll be fine. I always say that, um, you know, the, we're definitely so afraid of things that can't hurt us. I remember I made a flow chart once of like, can this thing kill you? If yes, run. If no, chill out. Those are the basics. I did an episode with-

• 22:31Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I love that flow chart.

• 22:32Speaker 02

  It's a great flow chart. It, I use it all the time, but I did an episode, um, two parter called Fearology with someone named Mary Pofenaw. And she's an expert in fear and the amygdala and how we react to fear. And it was life changing. She is so great and she essentially said, most of our fears and anxiety and stress is just worry that we're not good enough. And so if you think about everyone walking around worrying that they're not good enough to do their job or follow their dreams or, or start a conversation or a podcast or correct their mistakes. Then you know, that's a whole lot of stress that we have that we can-

• 23:07Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So I got one for you, Chuck.

• 23:08Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 23:09Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  What flat, what flat earthers fear most is fear itself.

• 23:16Speaker 02

  Oh.

• 23:19Chuck Nice?

  Oh, by the way, that joke made me believe the earth is flat.

• 23:27Speaker 02

  Did you just come up with that, or did you?

• 23:29Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  No, I tweeted that a couple of years ago. And, no, no, it was, I think it's been around. It's been around.

• 23:35Chuck Nice?

  The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.

• 23:39Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Is fear itself.

• 23:42Chuck Nice?

  Actually, I'm gonna tell you something. That's, that's pretty damn clever. So.

• 23:46Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, yeah, that's good.

• 23:47Chuck Nice?

  And it's the, it's fear, it's fear is what does for the wordplay. I like it. All right.

• 23:54Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  We have time, maybe one more question. What else you got, Chuck?

• 23:56Speaker 02

  Yeah, what you got?

• 23:57Chuck Nice?

  All right, let's go to Kayla Slaughter. Kayla says.

• 24:02Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  By the way, these are all Patreon members, right?

• 24:04Chuck Nice?

  Yes, that is correct. And I'm glad you brought that up, Neil, because, uh, let me just tell people that you can go to patreon.com/startalk. Support us there. If you're coming at a certain, um, support level, um, we, uh, we take your questions and we read them on the air. And that allows us to do.

• 24:21Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I mean, they bribe us to ask the questions. That's what they do.

• 24:24Chuck Nice?

  Listen, neither, neither, nobody in this organization is a law enforcement official. There is no law that says we cannot take bribes.

• 24:36Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  All right, go on. Next question.

• 24:40Chuck Nice?

  She says, I'll be starting a family soon. I want to make sure my children have a well-rounded experience in science and politics and every, all theologies, basically. Any thoughts on how I can start early?

• 24:55Speaker 02

  I wish that paper encyclopedias were still around because I feel like when I was a kid, all I wanted was an encyclopedia shelf in our house, just to take a volume and then just go sit under a tree with it. But I guess.

• 25:09Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So you're 75 years old.

• 25:11Speaker 02

  I'm one million years old. Yeah, I'm, uh.

• 25:13Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's good.

• 25:16Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Back when we had paper, books were made of paper.

• 25:19Speaker 02

  You can smell them with your nose. We did have an old, we, we finally got one from a garage sale, but it was so outdated that it was like, one day, human man will be on the moon. And I remember being like,

• 25:31Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, see, I love, I love the out of date things. They're fun.

• 25:33Speaker 02

  Yeah, I know. They're cheap. But, um, uh, I would say, I would say let them frolic. Let them frolic. Get them, get them a microscope because you start swabbing window sills and start looking at fly mouth parts. You start to realize the world is a lot bigger and smaller than we, than we think. So I'd say let them frolic.

• 25:52Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Fly mouth parts. That was very random right there. Of all the things you could have listed, fly mouth parts. I don't even, no, I retract the question. I don't want to know how you came up with that in your list.

• 26:06Speaker 02

  Have you ever looked at them? What are you doing later today? Get yourself a microscope. Find a dead fly.

• 26:11Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Fly mouth parts.

• 26:14Speaker 02

  You know, they just, they're thinking about them barfing on a sandwich and sucking it back up. The world is big and small. It's beautiful. It's great. Get him a, maybe get him a telescope and a microscope and then.

• 26:25Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So you want, this should be free range, free range children with access to the large and the small. And in those limits, there are no bounds.

• 26:38Chuck Nice?

  Nice. I like it.

• 26:40Speaker 02

  I want to make it known that I don't have kids. So.

• 26:44Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 26:45Speaker 02

  Take this with a grain of salt because I don't know how to raise children.

• 26:49Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  We, we, I heard in offline that you have a dog.

• 26:52Speaker 02

  I do. I have an eight year old daughter. She's a poodle. Yeah.

• 26:55Chuck Nice?

  And, and does, does your eight year old poodle daughter ha- have a microscope?

• 26:59Speaker 02

  She does. Yeah, she has a microscope. I bought her.

• 27:01Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  She doesn't have opposable thumbs. They're working on that.

• 27:04Speaker 02

  She's doing great. She's got infrared goggles. I got her a, uh, yeah, an electron scanning microscope. We just keep it in the garage. Um, yeah. So she's, she's got everything she needs.

• 27:15Chuck Nice?

  By the way, Kayla has a follow up for you, Ally. She says, what's it like talking to so many smart people all of the time? And by the way, I love your shows, plural, she put.

• 27:28Speaker 02

  Well, Kayla, what it's like talking to smart people all the time is incredibly, incredibly humbling. So it's, it's, there's nothing better than being reminded that you're the stupidest person in a conversation. And that's what I do for a living. It's great.

• 27:43Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So Ally, that reminds me of a quote, if you're the smartest person in the room, find another room.

• 27:48Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 27:50Chuck Nice?

  That's a good saying.

• 27:51Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's what you're saying here, Ally, right?

• 27:53Speaker 02

  That's what I'm saying.

• 27:54Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  You're reveling in the fact that every outing, you learn something.

• 28:00Speaker 02

  Mm-hmm, absolutely.

• 28:01Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  For so many people, the pain of learning something new is unbearable to them. And so they stay steeped in their ignorance, ossified from the graduation day when they left school.

• 28:13Speaker 02

  That's true, living in the past.

• 28:15Chuck Nice?

  All right, so with that, with that, is there such a thing as a stupid question?

• 28:18Speaker 02

  I really don't think so. I think if it's honest, if it's honest and vulnerable, it's not stupid. And chances are someone else in the room has it. And we're all gonna die anyway. We're all gonna be bones in dust and a fungus is gonna eat us.

• 28:30Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Is that true?

• 28:31Speaker 02

  Yes.

• 28:32Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's true.

• 28:32Speaker 02

  That's how I live my life. Cut bangs, texture crush.

• 28:36Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  But true.

• 28:37Speaker 02

  We're all gonna die. You're gonna be powder. No one's gonna remember you. I don't even remember my great grandparents' names. So why would I be like, I don't wanna ask this question about, you know, solar power or about the universe.

• 28:48Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Can I quote you on that?

• 28:50Speaker 02

  Yes.

• 28:50Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Okay, someone said, I'm afraid to do this. You're gonna die anyway.

• 28:53Speaker 02

  You're gonna die. You're gonna die. Literally a fungus.

• 28:56Chuck Nice?

  You're going to die anyway. There you go.

• 28:58Speaker 02

  Your fungus lunch, at the end of the day, ask a question and learn something. If someone laughs, they're a jerk. So it's great. Just do your life.

• 29:06Chuck Nice?

  All right, wait a minute. I gotta tell the story. I gotta tell the story real quick. Cause it's, speaking of stupid questions now, you just reminded me, you're gonna die. Okay, I have, I have evidence to refute that. Where somewhere outdoors, it's Neil and I and these people who are huge fans. They come over, they're talking to him. He's being very, very gracious, spending way too much time talking to him. And so the guy says, hey, do you have one of those apps on your phone where you can hold it up to the sky? And it will show you constellations? And then Neil goes like this, are you kidding me right now?

• 29:43Chuck Nice?

  And I was like, yeah, bro, he is the app.

• 29:52Chuck Nice?

  I'm like, are you insane? You're asking, you're asking Neil deGrasse Tyson, does he need an app on his phone to look at the night sky? I'm like, brother, he is the app. What is your problem?

• 30:03Speaker 02

  Yes.

• 30:05Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, my answer is in my day, we had to remember where the constellations were.

• 30:10Speaker 02

  I still, I think embarrassing moment for him, but still, there's a lot of stars up there. If anyone's taught us that, it's you. So he learned something about you that your brain has even more capacity than he ever imagined. And also, he learned he needs the app. You don't.

• 30:26Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, thank you.

• 30:28Chuck Nice?

  There you go. Okay.

• 30:29Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  And this bit about being fungus lunch, I'm trying to decide whether that's a happy note or a sad note.

• 30:33Speaker 02

  It is. It's amazingly liberating. It's, I did a whole episode on thanatology, death and dying, one of the happiest episodes I did. I came out of there saying, well, I'm just gonna do whatever I want to do. So yeah, your fungus lunch, ask a question, do your thing, follow your passion, you know, read the encyclopedia. It's all fun.

• 30:55Chuck Nice?

  And remember, you're delicious.

• 30:58Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  To some organism, you're delicious. Guys, we gotta take a quick break, but when we come back, more StarTalk.

• 31:11Chuck Nice?

  Hey, StarTalk fans. This next segment of our episode with Allogies host, Ali Ward, is sponsored by the all-electric Chevrolet Bolt EUV. The everyday electric vehicle for everyday people. That's you. The all-electric Chevy Bolt EUV has so many cool features, including the ability to engage in conversations hands-free with the industry's first hands-free driving assistance technology. You can find out more at chevrolet.com/electric/bolt-euv. All right, let's get back to the show.

• 31:48Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  We're back, StarTalk Cosmic Queries. And for this segment, we're going to actually devote this to a discussion about electric cars.

• 31:57Chuck Nice?

  Yes.

• 31:57Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Chuck, what do you think of that?

• 31:58Chuck Nice?

  Yes, that's awesome, because I know you don't like the word awesome, but in this case, I think it is awe inspiring.

• 32:06Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  But just to be clear, I love the word awesome, but when properly applied, like when you discover a new universe or something.

• 32:14Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 32:15Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  When people say, "It would be awesome if you could pass the salt." That is not a good use of the word awesome, okay?

• 32:20Chuck Nice?

  Okay, here is a good use of the word awesome, because electric vehicles actually do so much to help the environment. And I care about the environment, I know you do, people don't think I do. But this segment, we're doing in partnership with the Chevrolet Bolt EUV. So I'm just over the moon, because we get to talk about electric vehicles, man. And that's our future.

• 32:44Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  All right, so is EUV, is that like SUV except electric? Is that how we're going to take it?

• 32:49Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, man, yeah, exactly. Doesn't it sound better, though? Doesn't it sound better to be like EUV, you know?

• 32:55Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  EUV, ooh.

• 32:56Chuck Nice?

  Yeah. So, yeah.

• 32:58Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Let's get back to our guest here, Ali Ward from Ologies. Basically, did a land grab on all ologies in the universe.

• 33:06Chuck Nice?

  Nice.

• 33:08Speaker 02

  All of them.

• 33:08Chuck Nice?

  That's a straight power move.

• 33:10Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That's a total gangster right there.

• 33:12Chuck Nice?

  Yep, that's it.

• 33:14Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  If it's an ology.

• 33:15Speaker 02

  Once you get that handle, you're sitting on it, and it's yours. But yeah, this would be electric vehicle technology, I suppose, the segment could be.

• 33:23Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  The ology?

• 33:23Speaker 02

  Right, there you go.

• 33:24Chuck Nice?

  There's the ology.

• 33:25Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  You just cram that ology in, whether or not it belongs.

• 33:28Speaker 02

  Yep, that's what I do. Someone mentions something in casual conversation, and I tell you what ology it is. But this one is really exciting to me. I've been excited about electric vehicles since I was a kid. My dad is really into. Alternative sources of power and solar power. And so I have been watching for years and seeing how EVs come on the market. So I'm really excited about the Chevrolet EV. I think EV is a good move. I like the way it sounds.

• 33:55Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Cool. And Chuck, but is it like 100 grand like other electric vehicles? Like what's going on there?

• 34:00Chuck Nice?

  That's the great thing about it.

• 34:02Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Otherwise, it's not for everybody. You can't take that Chevy to the levee. If it's cost that much, nobody's, no good old boys are doing that. So what's

• 34:10Chuck Nice?

  Right, yeah. Well, that's why they drained the levy. That's why they drained the levy was to pay for your very expensive, which this is not. Actually, when I said it's accessible, that's what I mean. It's, you know, this is a a car that allows people to enter into this realm. And if you're a conscientious

• 34:27Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  As a first foray. Okay, very good. Very good. Yeah. So, so Ali, do you have a question?

• 34:32Speaker 02

  I do, actually. I wanted to know.

• 34:36Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Wait, wait, wait. Actually, that's not fair because you're our guest and we usually take questions from the audience, from our fan base. But, but, you know, you seem so into it, maybe we'll give you the occasion to ask the question. With the permission of our fan base, I think they'll allow it. Okay.

• 34:52Speaker 02

  So the floor is mine. I have the cosmic query conch right now and can launch a question.

• 34:57Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Do you have it?

• 34:57Speaker 02

  Okay, so I wanted to talk about whether or not electric vehicles are good for the environment. How much good do they do over a car that runs on fossil fuels? What are your thoughts on it?

• 35:11Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Oh, yeah, yeah. So I can, I mean, I don't claim to be the world's expert on that, but I can get you a lot of the way towards an answer to that question. So here, here's the problem. Transportation today, you know, cars and trucks and things that move commerce, I guess even trains, but some trains are electric. So let's just stick to the ones that have sort of engines that burn fossil fuels. The problem is, if you have a car that takes gasoline, it can only run on gasoline. Right, so if so, if you run out of gas, you gotta go to a gas station and fill it up with gasoline. So, you know, we all know how much gas costs and we know where it comes from in the world and we know if a pipeline gets shut down.

• 35:55Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  And we know if a war breaks out and if we know if an oil well is on fire. And we know if there's new regulation related to it. So, oil has become a strategic commodity simply because we need it to run our transportation grid. So now in comes an electric car. So an electric car, of course, it still uses power, alright, so, so what's up with that? Why is it good rather than sort of neutral or bad or equal, right? So, here's what happens. You got your car and it's at home and you plug it in, okay? Now, it's getting electricity from your power plant. There's a chance your power plant is using coal. There's a good chance of that, alright?

• 36:38Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So that's not really much better, alright? Coal, burning coal and burning gasoline, there's still this carbon footprint, okay? However, the power plant is not limited to just coal. If they wanted to, and many have, they can put in, if they have sunlight where you are, a solar farm or a wind farm. And if you're near water, you could be hydroelectric. All of these sources of power can be generated by your power company and show up in your wall socket. So you don't need 12 different engines in your car to use 12 different kinds of energy.

• 37:18Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  You just need a plug that gives you access to the thing that's generating the energy 12 different ways. So, if you electrify the transportation grid, you are future-proofing our path into a culture and a civilization that can wean itself off its dependence of fossil fuels. And so that's why it works, that's why it's good.

• 37:44Speaker 02

  That answer, not to mention if you go solar on your house, you essentially have a solar powered car, which is a car powered by the sun.

• 37:54Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Oh, yeah.

• 37:55Speaker 02

  There you go.

• 37:56Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Exactly.

• 37:58Speaker 02

  There's gotta be a bumper sticker for that, like solar powered.

• 38:03Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, that wouldn't work in places like Seattle where the sun never comes out or upstate New York. But yeah, it would be believable if it's in a place where the sun is prevalent. So that's why electric is good. Now, the problem is, I can have a gallon of gas over here, and I can move it over there where you need it. Okay? You can't do that with the like, you can't carry electricity with you. Oh, sorry, you can charge a battery, and then I can move the battery over there. No, the battery's in the car. Okay, so, so one of the problems with electricity as it's generated is, it

• 38:44Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  can only, you can't sort of store it outside of the battery that's in your car. So to run your lights, to run most of the things that civilization uses electricity for, it doesn't come out of a storage battery. It's generated on the fly as you need it, from the power station, and delivered by the high tension lines.

• 39:06Chuck Nice?

  I was gonna say, like, I'm glad you said that, because there's a lot of people who are, you know, electric vehicle hesitant, I will say, because they're worried about how far they can drive, like, because of what you just said. And the cool thing about the industry, but more importantly about the Chevy Bolt EUV is the, because I know this because I got to take a tour of the car with GM. The cool thing is, this car has nearly 250 mile range on a full charge.

• 39:37Speaker 02

  250, that's good.

• 39:39Chuck Nice?

  Right. And then-

• 39:39Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  That'll get you between any adjacent cities. I mean, New York City is 250 between Boston and Washington. And you're in LA, Ali? What cities with it? San Diego?

• 39:49Speaker 02

  Oh, if you need to make a getaway, that's Palm Springs, that's Joshua Tree, that's Santa Barbara, that's, yeah, up the coast.

• 39:57Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Oh, excuse me, Joshua Tree. Oh, excuse me. Okay, these are different hangouts.

• 40:02Chuck Nice?

  Excuse me, I'm about to take my Chevrolet Bolt EUV down to the Joshua Tree.

• 40:07Speaker 02

  I mean, I've got a-

• 40:08Chuck Nice?

  Perhaps you'd like to meet me there.

• 40:10Speaker 02

  Sometimes you need a little bit, you need to get in your Bolt. I love the EUV. I think if you like a hatchback with a little bit higher profile, um- I yeah, I love that. And the range is great. They call it range anxiety. People who are afraid to go EV because they think they're going to be stranded. But once you drive an electric, it's kind of like, once you become a bird watcher, you start seeing all these charging stations, just like you would see birds you didn't realize were there before. But once you drive an EV, it's like, oh, there's a charge everywhere. You can charge in parking lots at the mall. You can charge next to your grocery store. You can charge at hotels. It's just like, it's really easy.

• 40:45Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Wait, so the bird watcher analog there is if you've never looked for a bird, you would never know it was there until you knew what to look for.

• 40:52Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 40:53Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  And then they're everywhere. I got you. Okay. So that's just like a psychological effect.

• 40:56Speaker 02

  Sort of, once you know what to look for. But yeah, there's EV charging stations everywhere.

• 41:01Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, there's about forty thousand birds to look for when you're traveling.

• 41:08Speaker 02

  Is that how many EV stations are there? Really?

• 41:12Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, yeah, there's about forty thousand public charging stations. So.

• 41:15Speaker 02

  That's great.

• 41:15Chuck Nice?

  You know, you can.

• 41:16Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Okay, so Chuck, which which goes faster down the road? A Chevy Bolt or a Usain Bolt?

• 41:24Chuck Nice?

  You know, I'm gonna say that the Usain Bolt is faster out of the blocks, but the Chevy Bolt is gonna ultimately smoke them.

• 41:35Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Don't tell him that.

• 41:37Speaker 02

  You don't need as many carbs for your Chevy Bolt. You can, you don't have to run it on pasta, protein, anything. I think range, better range.

• 41:45Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Oh, I got you. There you go. Mm hmm.

• 41:46Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 41:48Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So is that, that's your only question you have?

• 41:50Speaker 02

  That was my main question about it. I think, you know, people who are considering going from a fossil fuel car to something that is electric, I think, tend to be people who are environmentally conscious. And so they really want to know how much better is this for the environment? But knowing that you can use.

• 42:07Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I agree. And those are the people who do it first. But ultimately, if you get the right price point, people just do it because it's the right price point.

• 42:13Speaker 02

  Not to mention.

• 42:13Chuck Nice?

  Oh, wait. So then, you know, speaking of what you just said, before we actually got on the show today, Ally was doing something on your computer where you were like, looking at the savings. So when you talk about price point, there are hidden savings in every electric vehicle. But I don't know, do you have, what were you doing?

• 42:35Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Well, there are fewer moving parts. Oh, can I, can I back up real quick? We're running out of time. I don't want to take up the whole thing. But, but Michael Faraday, go back a hundred and. Fifty, sixty years. When you said back, I thought you meant back in the show. No, no. Like, can I go back? Michael Faraday.

• 42:54Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So, Michael Faraday, an English scientist, physicist, he basically is responsible for figuring out how to generate electricity. Right. And he invented the concept of an electric field, by the way. Because that's not a thing you can touch, right? It's just this thing there. So, he can draw it and calculate, you can calculate with it. So, he realized that if you move a wire through a magnetic field, it induces current in that wire. And you can, it'll show up on a meter. And so, whoa, well, that's kind of, it was a little novel at the time, but what would you do with this? This is kind of a stupid toy. And then people figure, oh, my gosh, this is the birth of electrification of the world.

• 43:35Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Point is, the way we do that now is we have a tightly wound, in what's called a turbine, a tightly wound wire coil that spins in a magnetic field and an electric, um, uh, current is induced in that wire. Ever since the beginning of electricity, we've known how to spin things. That's, that's what we do best. We've been doing it for 150 years. And what is a car, if not electricity, spinning things? So, the acceleration on an electric vehicle can be excellent because of this fact. And that's why the Chevy Bolt, I didn't check the acceleration numbers, they might actually accelerate out of the box faster than a same Bolt, now that, now that I'm thinking about it. Hmm.

• 44:20Speaker 02

  Also, I was checking on price point stuff, just to see how much would I save per year driving an EV? And my parents live about 400 miles away, so I go up a couple times, obviously, like every month or two. And I would save $10,000 over five years on gas, just based on that.

• 44:41Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Oh, okay.

• 44:42Speaker 02

  Which is, um, yeah, if you're calculating how much.

• 44:44Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Not to mention how much CO2 that is.

• 44:46Speaker 02

  I know.

• 44:47Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Right.

• 44:47Speaker 02

  So, a little karmically, and then pocketbook wise. But yeah, I, I did, they have a number cruncher for you, so you don't have to, uh, you don't have to pull out your spreadsheet, they have it for you. But yeah. And yeah, the acceleration is better.

• 44:59Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I see what you did when you say karma, karmically.

• 45:02Speaker 02

  You like that?

• 45:03Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Yeah, I see what you did.

• 45:04Speaker 02

  Yeah, electric. The puns are electric.

• 45:08Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  So guys, we gotta land this plane or park this car. So Ally's been delighted to have you on the show. I can't believe we haven't had you ever on before. We gotta do this again with your permission and talk about some of the ologies that you've discovered, or I think you're inventing some of those ologies.

• 45:25Speaker 02

  Maybe bending some words.

• 45:27Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  I think you're pulling them out of I don't know where.

• 45:30Speaker 02

  I swear, I do look for them in the literature first. I promise. But yes, so many ologies to cover. I'm here whenever you need me.

• 45:39Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  And so little time. Yes. Okay. Excellent. Thanks for being on StarTalk. And you can catch your Honor Ology podcast. And it goes everywhere. I mean, every ology you can ever imagine, even the ones you haven't imagined because she made them up. They're there.

• 45:53Speaker 02

  Loosely.

• 45:55Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Chuck, always good to have you, man.

• 45:56Chuck Nice?

  Hey Neil, before we wrap up, I just want to let the viewer know that if you're ready to make the electric future part of your present and do some good for the environment, which is what it is all about, check out the Chevrolet Bolt EUV at chevrolet.com/electric. Chevrolet.com/electric. Do some good, people. Come on.

• 46:16Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  All right. This has been StarTalk. Kozma Aquarius, Neil deGrasse Tyson here. As always, keep looking up.