How We Grow Up: Inside the Adolescent Brain with Matt Richtel

Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Matt Richtel joins Dr. Becky to explore the adolescent brain, teen mental health, and the science of how we grow up.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:00Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  After my first baby was born, I treated my own recovery like a complete afterthought. If the baby needed something, I showed up immediately. If I needed something, well, it would wait. But research shows that when parents have the support they need, they're better able to care for their children. Taking care of yourself isn't separate from parenting. It's a huge part of parenting. That's why I love Frida's mission to prepare women for the realities of pregnancy, postpartum, recovery, and feeding. Frida creates solutions for the moments that often catch moms off guard. The Postpartum Essentials Kit and Breastfeeding Survival Kit help women feel more prepared for those early weeks of motherhood. Be motherhood prepared and shop Frida at Amazon, Target, and Walmart today.

• 0:43Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  All right. Today, I'm speaking with Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and a dad of teenagers, Matt Riktell. Matt spent nearly two years reporting a powerful nine-part series in The New York Times on the post-pandemic adolescent mental health crisis. And the project evolved into a brand-new book. His book is How We Grow Up: Understanding Adolescence, and it's out today, July 8. Matt and I had one of the most amazing conversations I've had with anyone in my life. It was truly one of those moments where I thought, oh, my goodness, how are we already at time? I could talk to you forever. You want to hear this conversation whether you have an adolescent or not. I promise you, it's going to make you

• 1:25Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  think new things. It's going to make you do something different in your home today. And I promise you, it will not leave you feeling, oh, it's too late, because it's actually all about what we do after the moments like me, we mess up. I'm Dr. Becky, and this is Good Inside. We'll be back right after this.

• 1:49Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Here's a question parents ask me all the time. How can I help my kid take ownership of their routine? I love this question because owning a routine is such a good way for kids to build independence and confidence. It's why I'm excited to tell you about Yodo, the screen-free audio player for kids. In the mornings, your kid can wake up with Yodo's alarm clock. When your kid gets home from school, Yodo has focus tracks, audiobooks, music, and learning content. One of my kids really likes to write and record their own stories with the "Make Your Own" cards. Then at night, your kid can build a wind-down routine with Yodo's toothbrush timer, white noise, and nightlight. With the right sound, stories, and a bit of structure, thanks to Yodot, mornings feel more manageable. Homework time feels calmer and winding down before bed becomes something kids can run themselves,

• 2:34Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  making the whole school year feel a little easier for everyone. Use the code DRBECKY15 for 15% off your order at yodoplay.com. New customers only, ends October 31st. Terms apply. Offer valid on select products only. I don't know about you, but by the time September rolls around, I am ready for cozy season. That's when I start thinking about Thanksgiving plans and travel that allows me to spend quality time with my family. I'm thinking board games, changing leaves, maybe even a living room with a fireplace where we can read our books together. Maybe you're the kind of family that loves an adventure and wants a cabin in the mountains somewhere. Or maybe you're dreading the end of summer and need to look forward to staying at a home on the beach with a view of the ocean.

• 3:17Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Or maybe you love to cook, so you want to stay in a home with your dream kitchen. Wherever your travel plans take you, it's the perfect time to get a little reset together as a family before the holiday season and craziness begins. But here's something you may not have considered. If you're planning to go away this year, leaving your own space empty, you can list it on Airbnb while you're away to give another family some quality time in a home away from home. You get to make use of your space and you can earn some extra income to put toward your family's future travel plans. Your home might be worth more than you think. Find out how much at airbnb.com/host.

• 3:58Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Hi, Matt.

• 3:59Speaker 01

  Hi, Becky. How are you?

• 4:00Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  I am, I'm good. I'm so excited to talk. Matt, I want to jump in just talking about your new book, How We Grow Up. I, I loved it. It's so important. And, and maybe we could just start telling me a little bit about either your research process or your why? Like, what was going on that led you to write the book? That drove this?

• 4:21Speaker 01

  Yeah. First of all, thank you for asking. And I will repeat, it's really great to be here. I've been listening to your show of late and I really appreciate the fact that...

• 4:36Speaker 01

  You're trying to make practical what can also often be esoteric and glib, and I will make the same effort. And it's in that spirit, in a way, that got me working on this. I had done, spent two years doing a series on the adolescent mental health crisis, if you want to call it that. And I realized in the course of reporting that, that there was a fundamental question left unanswered. And that is, what is the nature of adolescence itself? And Becky, that, interestingly, that question, there's a much fresher answer than there has been in about 125 years.

• 5:16Speaker 01

  And it is absolutely material in explaining what's happening now to teens and adolescents, two different things, and what we do about it. That's what led me into this. Also, Becky, I have two adolescents. And I was like, hey, maybe I could learn something. But, but what I learned, Becky, fundamentally, that I would love to just ground this in, unless you steer me otherwise, is what adolescence is. And I, I come up with a framework synthesizing a whole bunch of research that I think reframes what we think of as adolescence.

• 6:00Speaker 01

  And this is what I would offer you. Adolescence is a process with a definitive purpose, to integrate the known and the unknown. What is known is what our parents and prior generations tell us. And what is unknown is two things. One, what actually works in the world? Not what we've been told as adolescents, but what actually works. And secondarily, what new ground might we carve out as a generation in an effort to survive as individuals and as a new generation?

• 6:47Speaker 01

  So what we've thought for decades, Becky, centuries, is that this was a period of almost primitive, boorish, atavistic behavior. In point of fact, it is an inflection point of information processing, the likes of which you will never go through again.

• 7:07Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  So just, I love that big picture idea. So adolescence, it has a purpose, right? There's this goal, there's something that has to be figured out. And this integration of what's known and unknown, what has been given to you, and all of the things you could explore and discover, like, your body, your brain is trying to synthesize, make sense of, balance, way, figure out that equation.

• 7:38Speaker 01

  I want you to imagine that you've been given a user manual by your parents, except that survival is too delicate and fragile to merely take the word of the manual. You must explore and probe by definition, are you, to survive? May I just pop into a bit of biology for a second?

• 8:04Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  I love, do more than pop in, just wade, wade in some biology.

• 8:09Speaker 01

  I will go ramshod, I will drown myself in biology.

• 8:12Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And I will lift you out to continue the conversation. So you go first.

• 8:16Speaker 01

  In order to facilitate this evolution, if you will, biology, in order to facilitate this period of experimentation and probing, it sets off some hormones that prompt people to become hyper-aware of their environment. Adolescence, at puberty, which we tend to think of as this gateway to reproduction, in point of fact, is this very fundamental neurological event, in which a big bang of understanding suddenly the world around you, and you become hyper attuned, through your

• 8:59Speaker 01

  hormones, to people and things outside your home.

• 9:06Speaker 01

  I'll just give you one. What's fascinating today, Becky, that distinguishes this moment from all prior research in science is that for the first time, we can look under the hood of the adolescent brain. And for centuries, the idea was that we've watched their behavior and tried to reverse engineer what was going on. But now, by way of example, we can see the changes inside the brain that make people very alert at adolescence to their surroundings. And I'll just give you one bit of science that might hone in. There's a study out of Stanford called Puedish Walt,

• 9:49Speaker 01

  which sounds like a nonsense word, and it is. A Stanford researcher puts young children and adolescents in an MRI machine and watches their brains. And watches the brains as the young people hear nonsense words spoken by three different people, their mothers and two complete strangers. And as puberty onsets and the hormones set in, the young person's brain lights up when the stranger talks. At younger ages, it's when the parent talks. The reward systems of the brain have become hyper attuned to the environment outside the home.

• 10:33Speaker 01

  Why would this be? Because for 10, 11, 12 years, you've been taken care of in your home, and now you have to survive outside of it. You better well understand what's going on.

• 10:47Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Okay, so there's so many. First of all, I'm taking copious notes. I'm taking copious notes. And I know, but I appreciate it. I'm learning so much. These are my favorite conversations. And then my, so many things are pinging in my brain. But the first thing that's loud is that I want to run by you. Because when I talk to parents about teens, right? And kind of what's going on and what they need. And everyone's like, what do I do about this? What do I do about this? And I love all the practical stuff I do. But to me, practical stuff without a fundamental understanding of what's really happening. Our framework is useless. It doesn't even come to us in the moment because we have no grounding to plant our strategic flags into. So one of the things I tell parents, and I'm wondering if this lines up with the biology, is like essentially for the first number of years of your kid's life, they live in your house. And obviously, they leave your

• 11:32Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  house, but proverbially, they live in your house. They're so happy to be there. They're building up comfort. They're building up safety independence. We all build up our capacity to be independent by how comfortable we are being relatively dependent and having that base. And then the door opens. And one of the things I think happens is, right, kids in adolescence are supposed to be explorers. They are supposed to travel around the world because you can't really learn about the customs of other countries if you're not there. But one of the things that happens in this period when kids are understandably, and therefore also what you're saying, biologically exploring, is as parents, we take it very personally. And we

• 12:18Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  we then have our own defense mechanisms. We pull away. And this is this, whatever I say, this, it makes me very sad. Okay, like, instead of our kids being explorers, they become nomads. And the biggest difference between an explorer and a nomad is whether you have a home base.

• 12:39Speaker 01

  Becky, are you a genius?

• 12:45Speaker 01

  That is, that, can I borrow the, is there time to get the metaphor into the paperback? Look, you've said a mouthful. Can I break it down even further?

• 12:57Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Please.

• 12:58Speaker 01

  I just want to really ground what you've said about a framework. Our framework has been fundamentally wrong. We have, we have looked at young people as causing conflict, as a form of rebellion, as a form of angst, as a form of anger. This is not accurate. And the reason it goes so squarely to your point is, parents cannot take this personally.

• 13:24Speaker 01

  It is where the problems arise in that relationship. There are two reasons parents take this personally. The first is we are all ourselves insecure. And it's almost like our kids are a version of social media saying, I hate you. And it's hard not to take that personally. But there's another reason, which is really vital. Adolescence is the proverbial handoff moment in life's relay race. We are handing off some control and power to the next generation. And that is freaking scary. It even reminds us of our own mortality.

• 14:07Speaker 01

  So not only are we feeling personally slighted, we are sensing a power shift. I cannot say strongly enough, Becky, that we cannot take this personally. And I do get into this in the book. I have a bit of a glib phrase, which is love, lead and let go. But the let go part is essential. You cannot conflate yourself with your children.

• 14:32Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Well, and I guess in this like visual, because I find the visual helpful. My kid's in my house, then they need to be an explorer, but they do need this home base to return to. And again, the time your adolescents want to return to your home base, let me just be clear, is only the inconvenient moments. You're like, I have been inviting my kid into my fricking house all day and I am exhausted. And they come into my room at 11:30 and they wake me up. And they're kind of like, I'm home. And you're like, I'm sleeping, you know? And so, and it's true, they do, they come, they're explorers and they're kind of like always on the night shift. And they, they want to come home and you want to come home. But if we don't take it personally, it doesn't mean we have to stay up with them for an hour when we have a big meeting the next day. But your reaction is, is very different, right?

• 15:13Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And so I think though, and this, this goes so far in terms of not just adolescence, but how we prepare ourselves and our kids for this period is when our kids are in our house, right, which they, they are, right, but like that, that time, those early years, to the degree we are getting our self-worth as a parent from our kids being a mirrored version of us, or from the way they tell us all the secrets of their friends, or from the way we plan all their playdates and make sure they're in the right classes. If we are getting our self-worth. Not from things unrelated to our kids, or even not from the way we are preparing our kids to be successful adults,

• 15:55Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  but from the way they kind of attach to us so intensely, adolescence is going to feel very injurious.

• 16:03Speaker 01

  The challenges that get presented when we, when our self-esteem is taken from our kids, and what it winds up doing later on is it not only confuses us with them, but it makes it hard to set boundaries. And the reason I emphasize bound, I'd like to come back, I mentioned, I alluded to Las Vegas, and I'd like to mention that, earlier I mentioned that the adolescent brain becomes hyper attuned to the environment around it. I think of it as like a kid just stepped into Las Vegas, and there's bells and whistles and temptations.

• 16:46Speaker 01

  And as a parent, you're saying to them, "I already told you, this place is entirely fake. Here's the good restaurants. Here's the places you should go. Here's the places you shouldn't go." But they cannot take your word for it in that moment. So, once you understand that framework, let's just start with the most basic thing. You don't take it personally when they walk into the casino or the back alley, because they're not doing it to tell you to go screw yourself, or they're not listening to you. They're doing it because they fundamentally need to understand the environment on their own terms. So that's one thing I'd say. But the other thing I'd say, and this goes to boundaries,

• 17:31Speaker 01

  if they're in this environment, there are some places and spaces that we don't want them to explore, but they will survive. And there are some places and spaces that may kill them. And we are, this is where we're duty bound to set clear boundaries, even if it means they scream, "I hate you, you don't understand me." Because they can only survive if they get past the worst stuff. What do I mean? There are areas around addiction, around drinking and driving, around certain criminal behavior that you may not bounce back from.

• 18:15Speaker 01

  You could say to yourself as a parent, "Well, I lumped those all together with missing a day of school or, you know, staying out past curfew." But they are not the same things. And as a parent, I would really urge you to set the boundaries around the important stuff and not care if your kid gets upset, because that's your job.

• 18:43Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Here's a question parents ask me all the time. How can I help my kid take ownership of their routine? I love this question because owning a routine is such a good way for kids to build independence and confidence. It's why I'm excited to tell you about Yodo, the screen-free audio player for kids. In the mornings, your kid can wake up with Yodo's alarm clock. When your kid gets home from school, Yodo has focus tracks, audiobooks, music, and learning content. One of my kids really likes to write and record their own stories with the "make your own" cards. Then at night, your kid can build a wind-down routine with Yodo's toothbrush timer, white noise, and nightlight. With the right sounds, stories, and a bit of structure, thanks to Yodo, mornings feel more manageable. Homework time feels calmer, and winding down before bed becomes something kids can run themselves,

• 19:28Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  making the whole school year feel a little easier for everyone. Use the code DRBECKY15 for 15% off your order at Yodoplay.com. New customers only, ends October 31st. Terms apply, offer valid on select products only. I don't know about you, but by the time September rolls around, I'm ready for cozy season. That's when I start thinking about Thanksgiving plans and travel that allows me to spend quality time with my family. I'm thinking board games, changing leaves, maybe even a living room with a fireplace where we can read our books together. Maybe you're the kind of family that loves an adventure and wants a cabin in the mountains somewhere, or maybe you're dreading the end of summer and need to look forward to staying at a home on the beach with a view of the ocean. Or maybe you love to

• 20:11Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  cook, so you want to stay in a home with your dream kitchen. Wherever your travel plans take you, it's the perfect time to get a little reset together as a family before the holiday season and craziness begins. But here's something you may not have considered. If you're planning to go away this year, leaving your own space empty, you can list it on Airbnb while you're away to give another family some quality time in a home away from home. You get to make use of your space and you can earn some extra income to put toward your family's future travel plans. Your home might be worth more than you think. Find out how much at Airbnb.com/host.

• 20:51Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  So a couple of things about that. Boundaries are my, my love language, right? And I think, again, like, and I know we haven't even gotten into it yet. I'm sure we will at some point. Everyone's like, well, how do I make sure my kid, I don't want my kid to get a phone until this age and all this stuff. And I always say, you know, look, boundaries are a muscle. The idea that you're going to set your very first boundary and tolerate your kid being upset with you when they ask a phone, that's a joke. That's like asking a basketball player to miss a free throw, to make a free throw when game seven is on the line, when they've never made one in practice. Like, that's not happening. So boundaries are a part of your relationship with your kid. In my mind, they need to be built into the fabric, which is, I probably have a different version. It's my job is to set boundaries and care about your feelings. By the way, the caring about your feelings

• 21:36Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  does not mean those feelings dictate your decisions. That's the duality we've lost, is the ability when our kids are young to start that with, TV time is over, it is your bedtime, you're not having a sleepover, no, you can't have ice cream for breakfast, and, oh, I know, you wish you could. It would be so yummy. No, sweetie, I am blocking you from going to the freezer because that's just not an option. Like, it's warm, it's firm. And so you're building that into the fabric of your relationship so that by the time you do say, this is actually a limit, even as you're getting older, your kid's body is kind of like, I am accustomed to this. Like, this is not the first time my parent has done this.

• 22:12Speaker 01

  And Becky, can I reinforce, can I reinforce why that's so in the child's interest?

• 22:18Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yep.

• 22:18Speaker 01

  The world is challenging and difficult. If you actually want to help your kids survive, you don't mimic an environment where they're entitled to everything.

• 22:30Speaker 01

  No one calls you and says, Becky, hey, how would you like to have one of the top podcasts in the world? All you have to do is show up and smile. It doesn't work like that. You gotta work your tail off. Hey, Matt, how would you like a job at the New York Times? That doesn't happen. So when we say, don't go to the freezer, these are the rules. When you break the rules, this is what happens. It's much more consistent with the world around them.

• 22:55Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  But I'm gonna, I'm gonna just jump in here because I think it really matters because my version is different. And I actually, I'll say this to you because I think boundaries are very misunderstood. And I think people think they're setting a boundary when they say to their kid, don't go to the freezer, or it's not iPad time. I would say those are requests. A boundary is what you tell your kid you will do, and it would require your kid to do nothing. Anytime you're requiring your kid to do something for you to be successful, not only you not setting a boundary, you're literally giving your power away to your two-year-old or to your 14-year-old. So a boundary would be saying, I'm not letting you go to the freezer, and you're gonna be there. And if you're saying, but my three-year-old is gonna go there when I'm not there, I'm like, yeah, because they're three. So they would do that. So you have to, you have to figure this out, right? Like, I'm not gonna let you even see your iPad if it's not your iPad time. How many of us are successful

• 23:40Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  at not taking our phone when it's visible, right?

• 23:43Speaker 01

  I like how you just set a boundary with me.

• 23:48Speaker 01

  I think you might have.

• 23:50Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  I think I might have, but this is actually a good back and forth because it's so interesting. We're a good pair. You have a lot of research and, and biology and the way that's, you know, I'm aware of and not the thing I look into. But a story comes to mind that, to me, really, really shows why kids need boundaries. Okay. And I, and I think it's right in line. So, right, I'm in private practice. I'm seeing this, like, 16-year-old who's the snarkiest, the snarkiest human being I've ever met. And I, and I love it. I love a good challenge, you know, because under snarkiness is always pain that's just waiting to be seen. And she came to me after she was cutting for years. She was cutting her wrists, right? She was cutting, um, you know, and she was really struggling. And I remember the very first session, I was like, okay, how long have you been cutting? She was, two years. I'm

• 24:32Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  like, that two years? Like, such attitude. And I was like, oh, well, you told me this is the first time you've seen a therapist. She's like, it is. My parents made me come, you know, or something like that. And I go, well, Have your parents known about the cutting? And she's like, they have. And I was like, well, why? Why have you not seen a therapist in two years? And Matt, this is, I'll never forget. She goes, wow, my parents tried two years ago. And they, and they said, you know, we're have to see a therapist. We're worried about you. And I said, oh, so you're saying, earmuffs, anyone here? You're saying I'm fucked up. You're saying I'm fucked up and I'm the only one who has to go to therapy. You know what I'm gonna do? I'm gonna go and I'm gonna lie. And I'm just gonna make up stories and waste all of your money. You can't make me. Okay. Whenever I tell the story, my heart races. Okay.

• 25:14Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And then I somehow, in my good therapeutic moment, just knew to shut the F up. Becky, do not say anything. I just, and her entire body language changed. She looked to the ground like a five year old. And when she looked up at me, literally what she said was, can you believe they let me make that decision?

• 25:39Speaker 01

  Can I, can I reinforce? You mentioned our partnership where you actually do the things and I read the books. Can I reinforce what you've just said with some research?

• 25:51Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Please.

• 25:53Speaker 01

  So there's a lot of talk today about a mental health crisis and we can quibble over the questions. There's no doubt kids get, young people get overwhelmed. I mentioned this Las Vegas environment that they're in. What is so vital about what you said, based on the research I've looked at, is that there are times, many of them, when what we need to help an adolescent do is move past a period of information overload or emotional overload. And what, what you, you're telling that story for one purpose, but I hear something else in it also.

• 26:33Speaker 01

  I hear that you let that young person burst that emotional bubble. And, and what, what the research shows about therapy, DBT, CBT, and there's some other things I'll mention in a moment, is that helping young people get through an intense emotional moment before you try to engage them in the substance.

• 26:57Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yes.

• 26:58Speaker 01

  Will let them in effect reboot their brains.

• 27:02Speaker 01

  So I can, the listener can't see, but I can see you and it looks like you're agreeing.

• 27:09Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yes, I mean, I just, it really, you know, I think the most underutilized parenting strategy in the world is, and these are with capitals, doing nothing. Doing nothing on the outside, where everyone would say, "You're just gonna let your teen talk to you like that? You're gonna do nothing?" And what I would actually say to them if I was in a snarky mood is, "It looks like I'm doing nothing. It's because I'm doing everything on the inside and managing my emotions." When I vomit my frustration and say, "You can't talk to me, that looks like I'm doing something." I am literally a child on the inside doing nothing. But letting your kid finish it out, just holding it, letting them finish it out so they don't have to keep seeking more ways to finish it out, trusting, having time, being

• 27:50Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  there, and then having a moment. And something usually shifts even before you have to do something.

• 27:57Speaker 01

  When, when they are ready, because when they're inflamed that way, "Everyone in eighth grade hates me. You make that food every night. I despise you. I want to go to the circus." Or, you know, to be extreme, "I don't know if I want to be alive." A lot of those are happening in such a heightened emotional state, such an inflamed state, that trying to either reason or be angry only intensifies that state. And I might add one more bit of biology here that, that is important. The age of puberty in, in the year 1900 started at 14 for girls, and now it's down to 12. We could talk about why

• 28:40Speaker 01

  that is, but just setting the why aside for a second, boys are roughly along the same lines. It's hard to tell with boys because they don't have a menstruation, which is a, the, you know, a demarcation point. But why is that important? It's important because those hormones, those adolescent hormones, the sensitivity is starting earlier.

• 29:00Speaker 01

  It's starting earlier at a time, there's a lot of fast information moving in the world. Remember, we talk about integrating the old and the new. The new is coming furiously quickly. So that can lead to these kind of heavy emotional experiences earlier and more often, but they don't mean your kids any crazier, if you will, or that everyone in eighth grade hates them. It's just moving into Las Vegas even earlier than your ID says.

• 29:30Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And I know, I know, right? That puberty is happening earlier, but your prefrontal cortex is not developing earlier, right?

• 29:40Speaker 01

  Hundred percent, right. It's what causes the scientists in this field to speak of a neurological mismatch between what you're taking in and what you're able to process. Hence, these big emotional outbursts. But then we come in and say, don't talk to me that way. And the emotions go through the roof even more.

• 29:59Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And I think the don't talk to me that way is a version. And again, we're not, we all say that. And I always like to say, anyone listening, you know, I always say, good inside, we're experts in imperfect parenting. That's what we're expert in. Everyone says, I say, don't talk to me that way. I can't talk to you right now. Whatever it is, we all say that and then we repair. That's the best it gets in a lot of moments. But when you repair and go back, I wish I didn't say that. I want to hear the end of your story. Something important was happening. This is what brings me back to like, you are not leaving your kid as a nomad. Because if they are a nomad navigating this time, truly without a base to come home to, that is when they get anchorless. That is an anchorless experience. And when you come back, by the way, you're not going to get it right the first time because unless you're a parent who's listening to this and says, you know what?

• 30:42Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Whenever I said to my parent, I hate you, you're the worst, I hate you, they were so calm and grounded, like, which probably everyone listening is like, yeah, that's like totally not what happened in my childhood. Then of course, it's not going to come naturally. Like what comes naturally in parenting is how you were parented. So often, the best it gets is returning. And when you return to your teen, I'm sorry, reacted that way, there was something important, let's figure it out. You are kind of saying, I am still that base. You can still explore, but like you are not alone.

• 31:11Speaker 01

  If I play this out, Becky, over the years, the reason I named this book, How We Grow Up, is I don't think the things we're talking about are expressly limited to adolescence. I think this is what I see happening broadly in society is that we're at a time where there is a ton of information and things are changing quickly. Each of us come across moments where we become overwhelmed and emotive and we're learning to cope with a very challenging environment. The things you're describing here, Becky, are like the lifeblood of being able to do it later. And the phrase I've come up with for this is, I'd rather have a teen life crisis than

• 31:56Speaker 01

  a midlife crisis. Get the coping mechanisms down now and then you can have those other 30 years to be happy rather than buying a Porsche and a mistress or mister when you're in your 50s.

• 32:10Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yeah, and look, the version of that, that I think, you know, in my language, I would say, is like when my kids, right, there's 18 years about that they'll be in my house, right? And then, I mean, hopefully then they're out, but like, let's say we have those 18 years. And in a way, though, like, our kids are out of our house way longer than they're in our house, and the stakes only get higher. Every year, the stakes get higher. Like, my kid freaks out and I don't know, even like, let's say they cheat on a test, they plagiarize a paper at age 13. I promise you, the version of that that manifests at 30 is way more intense, okay? So whatever the issue is, my kid hits. My kid says, I hate you.

• 32:54Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Like, I really invite parents, and I think you need this phrase to be able to hold it, I really do give myself a sense of sick joy when I have moments like this with my kids. I really do, okay? Because the sick joy is like, if I'm driven by impact and not instant gratification, which is hard in this day and age, but if I am driven by impact, what my kid is saying is, you have the opportunity to help me wire some circuitry for how to be resilient through this moment, because it's true, I'm freaking out at age 13 that I wasn't invited to this person's sweet 16, okay? And I say to myself, who cares? It's a sweet 16. Sweet 16 situation will change, but that is the exact same thing. As not finding a roommate in college,

• 33:39Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  not being invited to the mom's coffee after drop off. It's the feeling of being left out and feeling less than and not knowing how to cope with it. Our feelings never change. And so when they come out in these huge ways, if you have a voice in your head that says, wait, I'm not doing something wrong. This happens to be inconvenient and hard, and it happens to be a moment where I could have massive impact. You do have like this almost kind of sick joy to help you reframe that moment.

• 34:12Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Here's a question parents ask me all the time. How can I help my kid take ownership of their routine? I love this question because owning a routine is such a good way for kids to build independence and confidence. It's why I'm excited to tell you about Yodo, the screen-free audio player for kids. In the mornings, your kid can wake up with Yodo's alarm clock. When your kid gets home from school, Yodo has focus tracks, audiobooks, music, and learning content. One of my kids really likes to write and record their own stories with the make your own cards. Then at night, your kid can build a wind down routine with Yodo's toothbrush timer, white noise, and night light. With the right sounds, stories, and a bit of structure, thanks to Yodo, mornings feel more manageable. Homework time feels calmer, and winding down before bed becomes something kids can run themselves,

• 34:57Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  making the whole school year feel a little easier for everyone. Use the code DRBECKY15 for 15% off your order at Yodoplay.com. New customers only, ends October 31st. Terms apply. Offer valid on select products only. I don't know about you, but by the time September rolls around, I am ready for cozy season. That's when I start thinking about Thanksgiving plans and travel that allows me to spend quality time with my family. I'm thinking board games, changing leaves, maybe even a living room with a fireplace where we can read our books together. Maybe you're the kind of family that loves an adventure and wants a cabin in the mountains somewhere, or maybe you're dreading the end of summer and need to look forward to staying at a home on the beach with a view of the ocean. Or maybe you love to

• 35:40Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  cook, so you want to stay in a home with your dream kitchen. Wherever your travel plans take you, it's the perfect time to get a little reset together as a family before the holiday season and craziness begins. But here's something you may not have considered. If you're planning to go away this year, leaving your own space empty, you can list it on Airbnb while you're away to give another family some quality time in a home away from home. You get to make use of your space and you can earn some extra income to put toward your family's future travel plans. Your home might be worth more than you think. Find out how much at Airbnb.com/host.

• 36:20Speaker 01

  Can I ask you, Becky, when did you, when did it dawn on you in your own life that these are versions of the same thing? Was it through training or did you personally experience a kind of epiphany or revelation about the nature of emotion?

• 36:38Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Really good question. Um, I mean, I think maybe part of it and one of the privileges I've really become acutely aware of from my childhood that I never knew was a privilege is I did have a mom. I almost feel like ashamed to admit it, right? We all have shame. I had a mom who like me and my friends would sit around our kitchen table with my mom a lot. And she was so nonjudgmental because she is just like this deeply curious person. And we would talk about things. And like, I remember in these moments, like, oh, like, and she'd help me probably connect the dots. Like, this is like, my perfectionism and how it came out, trying to be the best

• 37:21Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  in my teen years, that's the same as when I, you know, had a hard time, you know, not making the soccer team in third grade. Like, they're all versions of the same thing. And I think it's a training to realize that the themes in our life have nothing to do with on the surface and everything to do with the feeling. And there's actually not that many feelings we have. They're all like, you know, they're, they're very similar.

• 37:44Speaker 01

  Becky, may I interrupt and seize on a word you said that I've circled two words for myself in my notes about things I'd urge parents broadly to encourage in their kids?

• 37:58Speaker 01

  And one of them is curiosity. And the reason I mention curiosity in the nature of your mom, in the, in the story with your mom, or more broadly is, to the extent we approach things as curious, they become less threatening on their face. And our emotions don't explode to the point where we're then anxious or uncomfortable. And I think one of the challenges that parents face and our culture faces is that we are very tempted to know the answer, to want to know the answers to everything, or feel like we have to. You can see this running through the media environment, the political environment.

• 38:41Speaker 01

  But in point of fact, is during this period, when your brain is open and plastic through adolescence, you are going to lay down certain habits. To the extent as a parent, you can teach curiosity, you will make someone adaptable, flexible, able, and less and more emotionally resilient. The other word I just want to say I circled here, or should I leave that aside and we'll talk about curiosity for a second?

• 39:11Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Well, to me, let's start with curiosity. To me, curiosity and judgment are opposites. They're inherently oppositional, right? And our brain, when we see behavior, whether it's I hate you, whether it's hitting in a kid, whether it's a kid lying to your face, even though they say, I didn't take money. And you're like, I literally have a camera in my bedroom and I see you taking the money from me to go to that concert, whatever it is. Curiosity is really hard because our brain likes to see something that's behavior, which is visible. And it short circuits and it tells us we know everything about the person. And then instead of having a gap between who someone is and what someone did, we actually have no gap. And so we respond to the person like they just are that behavior. And curiosity is the thing that breaks it down.

• 39:54Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Because what you said is curiosity, and I think this is what resilience is, it's our ability to not fully know. Oh, well, I wonder what was going on. I wonder, and people often say to me, oh, so it's okay, they stole the money. How did we get from curiosity to approval? Those are completely different things.

• 40:13Speaker 01

  And I would, I would, I love that, the way you framed that. And I, it made me think of this phrase, judgment is a sprint, curiosity is a marathon.

• 40:20Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Oh, love that.

• 40:21Speaker 01

  If you want, if you want to get in.

• 40:26Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Love it. Matt, you're on fire.

• 40:29Speaker 01

  If you, it's a tandem, it's a duo.

• 40:32Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  It's good. Yeah.

• 40:34Speaker 01

  I want to do, I want us to do like jazz hands and dance. If you want to get in shape, if you really want to be fit, you need the marathon mentality. And people, there's a way in which judgment versus curiosity is fundamentally a resource question.

• 40:56Speaker 01

  It's an easier resource to just come up with a judgment. But the problem is you will then spend your life spending those resources with no positive return.

• 41:08Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yep.

• 41:08Speaker 01

  When you do the marathon, when you invest the resource in trying to understand what's going on, you get a major feedback later on.

• 41:18Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And just for everyone listening, and I think this is like really poignant. A lot of the reasons we jump to conclusions and judge our kids in their worst moments is a resource thing, but a lot of it is because if we're honest with ourselves, in our worst moments, when we were kids, we were met with instant judgment. Like, so your body wired something bad on the surface, next to, I know everything I need to know about this person. Bad thing equals bad person. And then, of course, we have fear and we're treating the other person like the enemy. And so I think there's a moment right now, just for everyone even listening to pause, because there can be so much judgment. I do that with my kid. Oh, no, messing up my kid. Just pause for a sec. Compassion is not dangerous.

• 42:00Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And just say to yourself, like, I bet there's a lot of moments when I could have used a lot more curiosity instead of judgment. Like, that would have been something that felt so good to me. And if I even do that one moment out of 100 for my kid and repair the times I didn't, like, I'm literally doing something probably no one's ever done in my lineage. Like, literally, I am starting a new pattern. Wait, tell me about the other word. I know we're gonna be announcing. What's the other word you circled? Let's jump into that and then we'll pause for now.

• 42:31Speaker 01

  The other, the other word I want to say is coping mechanisms are calm. And I, I, I think if there's, if there's two things we could get our adolescents, our, our young people through adolescence with, it's curiosity and then a sense that the thing to, to apply that curiosity along with compassion to the way they process their emotions. And though, though, sometimes I think of this generation, but I could argue this of prior generations. I, I think of adolescence a little bit as generation rumination. It's easy to channel a, an intense emotion into a very specific thing. Everyone in eighth grade hates me. Um, everything would be all right if just X or Y.

• 43:16Speaker 01

  But in point of fact, what those represent, just like you mentioned earlier, how things in your life were part of the same or a piece of the same thing. In a lot of ways, those ruminations, that intensity is an outgrowth of a really overwhelming emotional period. And to the extent that we can teach our young people how to work through those emotional periods without having the conversation with themselves, does everyone in eighth grade help hate me? So earlier, we talked about this idea that you wouldn't have the conversation, does everyone in eighth grade hate me, until they were over the emotional hump.

• 43:57Speaker 01

  Similarly, could we teach young people to get over the emotional hump and then have the conversation with themselves? Oh, wait, I'm not in a heightened emotional state. I don't actually believe everyone in eighth grade hates me. Can I give you a crazy personal example from yesterday?

• 44:18Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Sure.

• 44:19Speaker 01

  I was coming on this podcast this morning and I am aware that that makes me a little bit nervous and anxious. I've thought about this stuff forever, but nonetheless, I know myself well enough that there's some performance here and some challenge here. And I got mad at our electrician yesterday.

• 44:37Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yep.

• 44:38Speaker 01

  And I was walking with my wife afterwards and I was like, I'm not actually mad at Ben remotely. I love Ben. I know that tomorrow morning, I'm gonna get up and get on with Becky, and I really wanna honor this work I've done and her show, and not make a fool of myself. And so last night, I got into bed, and my wife came into bed, and I'd already understood this mechanism was at work. And she's like, hey, can we do this on Sunday? And I found myself getting mad, and I said, I love you, Meredith. I cannot process that information right now. This is something I've just gotta go through and cope with. And after, like roughly around noon Eastern tomorrow,

• 45:24Speaker 01

  we can talk about whatever you want. And she was like, I feel you.

• 45:27Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yeah. And, and look, I think that example, first of all, thank you for sharing that. And again, I think sometimes the best it gets is realizing after. That is like, wait, I think I took that out on my electrician. That's probably a me thing. And again, it's just being curious. I wonder what was going on for me.

• 45:44Speaker 01

  To be clear, I did not actually get mad at the electrician. I felt some frustration. I really do. Ben, I'm sorry.

• 45:51Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  We all love Ben. Ben seems, Ben seems wonderful.

• 45:54Speaker 01

  Good dude.

• 45:54Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Need his name and number. Um, but, but I think that that's exact, that's exactly right. And just the thing I think we underestimate when we talk about coping, and we're gonna, I know this could be its own, this is, in some ways, its own episode. I feel like actually this is the Good Inside platform. So it's, it's not even safe, it's an episode. There is no better coping strategy. You can teach your kid than your ability to tolerate the things they can't tolerate. Kids learn emotion regulation. You can teach your kid breathing skills. And if we can't be with our kids in their hard times, it won't land. They learn that through, we are relational beings. Now, that can feel like a lot of pressure. I think about that as what an amazing opportunity.

• 46:36Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Wait, I also struggle when there's uncertainty. I can build my own coping skills. That can help me as an adult while it helps my kid. And knowing I'm never gonna be perfect, and I always have repair in my back pocket. Like, that's a lot of bang for your buck, in my mind.

• 46:52Speaker 01

  I would also put it another way. I tend to think of adolescence as startups. And we are people who have been through, we've gone public.

• 47:02Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Yeah.

• 47:03Speaker 01

  And the thing is that those startups will upend us in some way. And so we are. We are, they are, we are trying to tell them what we know while feeling a little threatened by them. They're, they're very clumsy startups, but they're vital to the, our collective survival.

• 47:25Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And if we allow it, I think, right, like we all probably unconsciously think parenting is going to heal us. And parenting triggers us. Our kids tell us everything we still need to work on in ourselves. And so, yes, when you're like, I don't know if I know what I'm doing, your kids will reveal the stuff that you need to work on for me too, you know? And if we see that as an opportunity, and again, if we think about even that as a marathon, okay, I don't have to know all the things yet. You know, there's a little fake it till you make it, but I think actually we're talking about parents having resources, having education, and feeling like they don't have to be perfect all the time. And I think that like adolescence, if there's a group of kids who see through fakeness, it's adolescence.

• 48:06Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  And so they know, you know, and so I guess my message to parents is look, like it is okay that parts of parenting, lots of stages feel hard. I would say it feels hard because it is hard. And you can take this opportunity as your own marathon, not in a way that you have to sprint it, but like little by little. What if every week you learn one thing that makes you feel a little sturdier, helps you feel more connected to your kid, helps you feel like you're building their confidence without losing yourself, one thing a week. Right? We all know that graph, you get 1% better a day, 365 days later, that 1% is compounding. And I think that's, you know, that's what I believe is really possible for every single parent. On that hopeful note, this has been an amazing conversation.

• 48:50Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Not only do I have the name of an electrician I'm going to contact, which has been very useful. Um, I've learned a lot. I've taken a lot of notes and without a doubt, I'm going to be contacting you for some follow-up conversations. So this was awesome.

• 49:03Speaker 01

  Just a huge thanks for having me on and I, I feel like, um, I, I also, I also learned some stuff that I will integrate into my talks, will not take credit for, and then we'll quote you explicitly in the paperback.

• 49:22Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Oh, well, right back at you. So, thank you. This was so valuable and I will really say until we talk again.

• 49:29Speaker 01

  Thank you. Really appreciate it.

• 49:31Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  I have to say that I absolutely loved this conversation. And I'm going to make an assumption, I don't know if it's right, that you did too.

• 49:41Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  This kind of visual metaphor of whether our older kids feel like a nomad or an explorer, to me, it really does hit my heart and almost brings me to tears thinking about that difference. I really feel like I'm not doing my job if I don't let you know about how to take that metaphor and turn it into the day-to-day interactions. Like, well, what does that mean about setting curfew? What does that mean when my kid wants social media and I don't know what to do? What about when my kid is on a text chain that I find out about that they weren't even supposed to be on and really awful things were happening? No matter what you're thinking, I promise you, we can help you through it.

• 50:24Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  So many people don't know, in our app, we have so much for teens. That whole nomad versus explorer idea, that's our framework and we bring it to life with every very real moment that I promise you, I am not afraid to name and talk about. And so if you're interested and you're ready for that next step to go a little deeper into the practical day-to-day stuff, I hope you check out goodinside.com and jump in. I'm so excited for the relief and hope you're about to feel.

• 51:01Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  You know that feeling when your brain is at full capacity, right? I mean, you have a reminder from the dentist in your email, a birthday party invitation on the fridge, and your kid just texted you about a soccer game they forgot to mention until that moment, and you just cannot remember one more thing.

• 51:17Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  That's where Skylight Calendar comes in. It's an all-in-one digital smart calendar that syncs with Google, Apple, and Outlook to help your whole family see the days and weeks ahead. And I really love the Tasks feature, which is designed to help your kid build routines around things like homework and chores. And when your kid can do those things independently, it's a huge win for everyone in the family. Skylight Calendar is so much more than just a calendar. It's something you can add to your routine to help your family work together. And right now, Skylight is offering our listeners $30 off their 15-inch calendars by going to myskylight.com/becky.

• 51:57Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  That's M-Y-S-K-Y-L-I-G-H-T.com/Becky for $30 off your 15-inch calendar. Myskylight.com/becky. You know, parents carry a lot. In fact, data show that most parents spend every waking hour caring for someone else. So if you feel exhausted and stretched thin, you're not alone, and that makes sense. And look, I also know from experience what a relief it is to find caregiving support. Finding a babysitter you trust and your kids will have fun with, that makes it so much easier to go back to work, or travel, or yeah, even go on one date with your partner.

• 52:39Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  Care.com makes it easier to find trusted, background-checked caregivers with search and hiring tools you won't find on social media. Whether you need full-time help, or just part-time help with morning drop-off, or after-school care, Care.com can help you find nannies, sitters, and daycares. And you can find the expertise that matters to you. Think homework help, CPR training, or experience with multiple kids. And if you're considering daycare, you can search, compare, and request tours, and could even get a discount on daycare tuition as a Care.com member. If you need more support, Care.com can help. For a limited time, you can use the code BECKY35 to save 35% on a Care.com membership.

• 53:23Dr. Becky Kennedy?

  When it's not you, it's Care.com.