55. The Perils of Drunk Walking

We know it's terribly dangerous to drive drunk. But heading home on foot isn't the solution.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:01Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 0:46Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 1:27Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 2:10Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 2:47Speaker 01

  From APM, American Public Media and WNYC,

• 2:53Speaker 01

  this is Freakonomics Radio on Marketplace. Here's the host of Marketplace, Jeremy Hopson.

• 3:02Stephen J. Dubner?

  It's Freakonomics time. Every two weeks, we explore the hidden side of everything. And today, why the first decision you make in 2012 is riskier than you think. Here's Stephen Dubner.

• 3:21Stephen J. Dubner?

  Happy New Year, everybody. Now, how are you getting home from that party? If you're in New York City, where I live, good luck getting a taxi. And if you've had some champagne and you're even thinking about driving home, well, don't.

• 3:35Speaker 02

  Drinking and driving is not only against the law, but it can also be deadly. Over the limit, under arrest.

• 3:45Speaker 03

  Friends, don't let friends drive drunk.

• 3:48Stephen J. Dubner?

  All right, so maybe you'll walk home. Smart move, right?

• 3:52Speaker 04

  That's a terrible idea. Walking drunk is one of the most dangerous activities you can engage in.

• 3:58Stephen J. Dubner?

  That's Steve Levitt. He's my Freakonomics friend and co-author. He's also an economist at the University of Chicago.

• 4:05Speaker 04

  Truly, if you're faced with exactly two choices, walking drunk or driving drunk, you absolutely should drive drunk.

• 4:14Stephen J. Dubner?

  Now, wait a minute. Levitt is not advocating that people drive drunk. We know how incredibly dangerous that is. But what about drunk walking? Is that dangerous? Consider a few numbers. In 2009, the most recent year for which we have data, about 34,000 people died in traffic accidents. Roughly half of them were drivers, 41% of whom were drunk. Now, there were about 4,000 pedestrians killed, and 35% of them were drunk. Here's Levitt again.

• 4:51Speaker 04

  For every mile walked drunk turns out to be eight times more dangerous than the mile driven drunk. So just to put it simply, if you need to walk a mile from a party to your home, you're eight times more likely to die doing that than if you jump behind the wheel and drive your car that same mile.

• 5:09Stephen J. Dubner?

  Now, there are some caveats here. A calculation like this requires some assumptions because there's no government database on drunk walking. Also, people drive drunk much farther distances than they'd walk drunk. And most important, a drunk walker can't hurt or kill someone else the way a drunk driver can. That said, the death toll from drunk walking is undeniable.

• 5:34Speaker 05

  The danger of impaired walking is not insignificant. And certainly, when it comes down to you, it's definitely significant.

• 5:43Stephen J. Dubner?

  Thomas Esposito is a trauma surgeon at Loyola University Health System in the Chicago area. He's used to seeing a New Year's Day spike in pedestrians who've been hit by cars. As a matter of fact, January 1st is the deadliest day of the year for pedestrians, and 58% of the people who died were drunk.

• 6:03Speaker 05

  I'd rather work New Year's Eve than New Year's Day because a lot of the time on New Year's Day, that's when people start to realize someone's missing. Where are they? And then they find them at the bottom of the stairs or on the side of the road injured.

• 6:17Stephen J. Dubner?

  Esposito also has personal experience with drunk walking. A few years ago, his cousin was hit by a car and killed while walking home from a New Year's party. He'd been drinking, thought it was better to leave his car and go home on foot. Esposito believes we've done a pretty good job getting out the don't drink and drive message, but that we could do a lot better with don't drink and walk. Here's Steve Levitt again.

• 6:44Speaker 04

  For 20 years, we've been told you should never, ever drive drunk. We should have been told you should never, ever walk drunk and you should never, ever drive drunk. And because nobody thought about it when we were coming up with what was moral and immoral, somehow now drunk walking just can't find its way into the immoral box.

• 7:05Stephen J. Dubner?

  So, listen, have a great New Year's celebration, but if a friend has been drinking and starts reaching for the car keys or decides to set off on foot, don't let them. Because remember, friends don't let friends walk drunk. I'm Stephen Dubner for Marketplace.

• 7:24Speaker 06

  For old times' sake and days gone by, for better days we knew, I drink a toast to memory. I drink a toast to you. Here's to you.

• 7:47Stephen J. Dubner?

  Stephen Dubner, our Freakonomics correspondent. He puts out a podcast, too. You can get that on iTunes and hear more at Freakonomics.com.

• 8:08Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 8:40Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 9:25Stephen J. Dubner?

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• 9:49Speaker 07

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