Humble Robotics’ CEO says the tech finally caught up to the vision for autonomous vehicles

We've said it before, and we'll say it again: the autonomous vehicle space is starting to feel like a repeat of the 2016 hype cycle. Travis Kalanick is back building a robotics company, and the talent wars and capital are heating up the same way they did the first time around. The money's flowing back, and it's the people who lived through that first wave who are building the next one. Humble Robotics founder and CEO Eyal Cohen is one of them. Cohen was at Otto when Uber came calling, later followed Anthony Levandowski to Pronto, and after two decades bouncing between deep tech bets in the Bay Area, his new company came out of stealth in April with $24 million to build a fully autonomous, cabless electric hauler for freight. On this episode of TechCrunch's Equity podcast, Cohen joins Kirsten Korosec to talk about AV déjà vu and what he's learned from 15 years of building startups across electrification, solar, and robotics. Listen to the full episode to hear more about: The bet behind Humble's cabless design and why "the simplest possible robotics platform" was the starting point How vision models are replacing months of hand-built engineering work that used to go into recognizing things like traffic cones and stop signs Why Cohen thinks culture beats out compensation when it comes to securing talent in robotics these days Subscribe to Equity on YouTube, Apple Podcasts, Overcast, Spotify and all the casts. You also can follow Equity on X and Threads, at @EquityPod. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

• 0:00Speaker 00

  This episode of Equity is brought to you by Schneider Electric. Schneider Electric, your energy technology partner.

• 0:05Speaker 01

  Hello and welcome back to Equity TechCrunch's flagship podcast about the business of startups. I'm Kirsten Korsak, Transportation Editor here at TechCrunch, and this is the episode where we bring on industry experts to help us explore a trend in the tech world and dive deep. And today, we're joined by A.L. Cohen, the founder and CEO of Humble Robotics.

• 0:35Speaker 01

  A.L., welcome.

• 0:36Speaker 02

  Thanks for having me, Kirsten.

• 0:37Speaker 01

  Yeah, I'm excited to have you back on the show. We have spoken before, but you've never been on Equity. To give the audience just a sense, Humble Robotics is this startup that came out of stealth in April with about $24 million of funding, I believe led by Eclipse. And what you're doing is developing a fully autonomous, cabless, electric hauler to transport freight. And I do want to talk about Humble, but for folks who don't really know you, I mean, you have this incredible background of working at a number of startups, starting your own in the Bay Area, all around autonomous vehicles, robotics. I feel like

• 1:19Speaker 01

  you know where all the skeletons are buried when it comes to autonomous vehicles in the early days, or maybe have some good stories to tell.

• 1:26Speaker 02

  Yeah, you know, so I've had actually like a very lucky career. I think if you think about kind of the companies I've worked at, it's been a little bit of a blessing. But just a quick background for me, you know, I've been in the Bay Area now 20 years, all of it working on kind of these new startups, deep tech, physical AI, whatever the newest way to call it is. But I've had quite a number of experiences. I think I think I'm up to seven startups, maybe eight startups in my life, all at different stages and phases. You know, I've seen industries rise, I've seen industries fall, you know, it's like it's been quite an awesome journey. Quite lucky to see it all. But yeah, we've seen a lot.

• 2:08Speaker 01

  I want to kind of talk a little bit about this. I kind of joke a lot in my newsletter and actually with friends about how we're, you know, back in 2016 all over again. And it feels very reminiscent of that time. But that time in particular, I would say between 2014 and say 2019.

• 2:26Speaker 01

  You were at Apple Special Projects, you were at Auto, which was the self-driving trucks company that was then bought by Uber ATG. Then you went to Anthony Levandowski's Autonomous Vehicle Technologies startup, Pronto. And give folks a sense, who weren't in the Bay Area at that time and weren't involved in startups, what was that time like in the industry and just being a part of startups?

• 2:50Speaker 02

  So I'll actually go back even further. Like, I'll talk about even like 10 years before that because it parallels a little bit the story. So I got here in 2007 to the Bay Area. And at the time, you know, the industry that was most exciting and interesting for an engineer was electrification, right? It was electric vehicles of all kinds. You had Tesla, at that time, being a very small company, you know, barely keeping the lights on. But the whole Bay Area was kind of awash in companies trying to do electrification, right? And they were developing motors and batteries and motor controllers and all this kind of cool tech. And that rose very quickly, right? And then today, a lot of tech, you know, is outside the Bay Area, actually, although there's still like a really healthy

• 3:33Speaker 02

  DNA for it. And so you see this kind of like, you see these companies, this sort of like hype build around a concept. And it's not just like, it's not just hype. It's actually like a lot of people just like putting all their brains towards something that's exciting and you create a little bit of a moment and a movement. And so, you know, I did the electrification thing for 10 years. And then when you get to the 2016, 14, 16 era that you're talking about, what kind of started to motivate a lot of people to come together was autonomous vehicles. And a lot of that came out of like, you know, the DARPA Grand Challenge, this big, this competition where, you know, people showed that autonomous vehicles were possible for the first time. And it created this moment, kind of frothy a little bit, like where people

• 4:15Speaker 02

  were like really excited about Thomas vehicles. A lot of companies and dollars went into it. And then it kind of rose and then kind of had like a little bit of a moment where people were like, wait, is this technology going to work? But the arc of the technology sometimes is longer than people's attention span. Right. So it's like, if you think about electrification from 2008, you know, today electric vehicles are kind of ubiquitous, but also had kind of like a rise and then a fall at a moment. And autonomous vehicles were kind of the same way. So it was a very early industry when I started in it. The technology, there wasn't any real core technology that had been developed that was like really ubiquitous yet.

• 4:56Speaker 02

  We saw these companies start and a lot of us just continued working on it for the next 10 years and myself included. And now again, in 2026, it's starting to have a moment again. But I just think of it more like the arc of the technology was just like a 10, 15 year arc. And, you know, our attention spans kind of come and go on that sometimes, but that's been the story.

• 5:16Speaker 01

  I want to talk about that attention span because there were startup founders that have persisted. I mean, some of them, their companies imploded or, you know, got acquired, you know, maybe had a good exit. But, but essentially they weren't like working on that startup anymore. But they've sort of stuck to it specifically with autonomous vehicles. So when you look back, I mean, who was having the short attention span? Was the problem more with the investor community that they were sort of chasing whatever that next new thing was? You know, we crypto had a moment, now AI labs have a moment. And that the founders have sort of been at it all along? Or, or actually was it some of the builders that, you know, had a bit of a short attention span?

• 6:00Speaker 02

  No, the, the core industry is, it's actually like a fairly small industry. And a lot of the people that have been in it since I started are still in it. Right. It just, it becomes a little bit of a grind sometimes, right? It's like you just keep working on the problem and doing the next thing. Like the cameras aren't good enough. If the camera's better, okay, the camera's got better. The autonomous technology, the, the brain of it, you know, wasn't quite up to par. Okay, let's grind on that, get it better. Right? And so I actually think the builders, the founders and, and a lot of the industry people, for the most part, have stayed in it. And they've stayed in it and stayed in it and just kept going. You know, investors, they, they Invested at the beginning, right? And then they invested sort of in like the 2016 timeframe.

• 6:42Speaker 02

  But once they have made their investment, it's really up to the founders to kind of take that investment and carry it forward. Right? So, you know, I don't, I don't think it's a problem that the investors kind of go to the next, you know, the next technology they're trying to kickstart. Because their job is to, you know, see these ideas, like a founder has an idea, their job is to kind of pair that with capital. Then it's up to the builders to really make the, make a thing of that. It's just that sometimes the expectations around technology, especially if you're thinking about something like software, right? The expectations are that that materializes in three, five, seven years, something like that. It's possible, you know, exits for, for the company. For some of this harder technology, you know, sometimes it could be 15 years, 20 years, 25 years.

• 7:26Speaker 02

  It could take a very long time to get the technology to fruition. But then when it does, it feels obvious all along, right?

• 7:33Speaker 01

  Yeah, totally. I mean, I think in terms of the hype cycle with autonomous vehicles, which was very real thing in, in 2016. I mean, you had companies like, like Cruise getting acquired for, you know, a billion dollars. But I think what was fueling that at the time was really automakers and other companies like seeing something really magical and wanting to be a part of it. And then just really throwing huge amounts of money at it. And then of course, facing with the realities of like scaling autonomous vehicle technology is, is maybe a little bit harder and longer than expected. Would you say that there are other industries that you've been a part of outside of autonomous vehicles that have sort of, that have mirrored that, that same experience?

• 8:16Speaker 01

  Where, you know, large OEMs and manufacturers sort of jump in and fuel hype and then, you know, sort of pull out and, and you're left with a little bit of that trough of disillusionment moment?

• 8:28Speaker 02

  I think it happens to almost every industry, you know? And I think, I think every, every new industry kind of goes through that cycle. Like, you know, we're, we're all, we're all human and I think we get excited about, about, especially when you have a magical experience, right? Like going into an autonomous vehicle for the first time is a magical experience, right? You're like, whoa. This vehicle is driving itself and you as a human generally know how complex that can be and everything associated with that and you're seeing it happen and you know it's not surprising that people sort of like ran towards it. I've actually happened industries that I've been part of. I think three industries I have participated in are electrification, solar, autonomous vehicles. And I think it's happened to all three, right? Basically, large investment followed by like,

• 9:11Speaker 02

  wait, can this work? Followed by a way that does work. But the moment where it does work sometimes can take five, 10 years. I think it'll happen to literally every industry, right? It's like, people get excited, people are excitable. And I think it's one thing that does happen, right? Is that, you know, some people crowd to a topic because it is exciting. And then as soon as the excitement wears off, they go to the next thing, right? That's also fairly human nature. But you're always left with this corridor of people that just stick with the problem, right? They're like, I'm captured by this and I want to drive it as far as it could possibly go and see it to the possible end.

• 9:47Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 9:47Speaker 02

  Yeah, I would say the joke, so your joke is that it's 2016 all over again. The joke at Humble has been it's 2016 all over again. But part of that is because we have a lot of the same people that we worked with 10 years ago at my company, but broadly speaking in the industry, that have just kept at it for 10 years and are now starting to see the fruits of that labor.

• 10:08Speaker 01

  Or actually in the case, you know, correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe one of your co-founders, to your point of like it being a grind, like was part of autonomous vehicles, took a bit of a break, now is back, you know, participating also in Humble. And I do want to talk about Humble Robotics because the cabless piece of it is really interesting to paint a picture and folks heads. Like this is, you know, when you're looking at like a big rig or a large truck, you know, there's a place for a person to sit. There isn't in yours. What is the idea behind Humble Robotics and why that cabless design? What's important about that?

• 10:46Speaker 02

  So when I was thinking about Humble and what I wanted to do next, right? After, after working on Thomas for eight, for 10 years, I was thinking, okay, what, if you, if you back up and you look at where technology is today? What is the simplest possible robotics platform to move freight? That was the premise of the company. It's like, what is the simplest way that you can move freight from A to B? And I was like, okay, well, the simplest way I can imagine is just a platform, right? So you say, okay, well, that's a wild concept, like just a platform that moves freight. But is it feasible with the technology that we have today? And so you start a little bit of exploration on that. You say, okay, what will this cost?

• 11:28Speaker 02

  You know, what's the state of the autonomous technology for driving it? What's the state of the hardware? You know, what are the rules and regulations around doing something like that? You just sort of like go down like this list and you find, yeah, okay, there is, this is a feasible project. This is, there's something here where freight could just be moving on platforms. Then, you know, then at the same time, I started seeing platforms like this in the US and in China. So that was kind of an interesting moment for me, too. So in China, they have, you know, they do have smaller platforms that I'm developing, but basically like the same idea, it's just a platform for moving freight. And in the US, in places like Long Beach Container Terminal, like that's within a private port area.

• 12:11Speaker 02

  There are also these platforms moving freight and they're kind of going from like crane to crane. Like, okay, so there's like some basis and foundation for this. And, you know, then you start putting a business idea behind it and say, okay, like, this is a pretty futuristic idea, like the idea that we would just have these sort of capitalist trucks. We've checked off, is it technologically feasible? There's like a business case behind it. You know, there is, we talked to investors, say, hey, like, are you willing to fund an idea like this to see where it goes? And all that kind of comes together and materializes. And that's how we got to Humble.

• 12:43Speaker 01

  The idea, though, if you had had that, let's say, towards, let's say, 10 years ago, back in the original 2016 that we like to joke about, do you think that you could have? Produced what you have produced so far, like technologically speaking? And would investors have backed you at the time?

• 13:02Speaker 02

  Well, you know, to your point about it being a frothy time, like I think investors probably would have at least looked at the idea at the time. But I don't think the technology was anywhere near close to ready at the time. You know, the 10 years ago, you know, some of the stuff that we take for granted now, like you use like a chat GPT or you use like a Claude and see kind of like what that tech is capable of. That wasn't on anybody's radar, or maybe it was on some people's radar in 2016, certainly it wasn't on mine. So we were doing very crude algorithms, I would say, at the time in comparison to the tech today. And so I don't think it would have been feasible 10 years ago because the tech wasn't ready. And it wasn't just software technology, you know, we didn't have cameras that we thought were at like a reliability grade.

• 13:46Speaker 02

  And we didn't have the ability to sense in all weather conditions. It's kind of like in those frothy times, you don't know what you don't know. So we didn't know that some of these aspects were going to be hard or missing. Like you kind of had to try, see what the results are, go back, iterate and then try again. Now, today, it's a little different story. Like we've been working on it for a while. We know the state of the technology and we know where it needs to go, the gaps, what's missing. So we have more understanding. So, so your question is like, was this feasible in 2016? I think that would have been quite early for an idea like this. Would have gotten funded in 2016, that's maybe a different question.

• 14:23Speaker 01

  Yeah. Well, to your point though, it's like you don't know what you didn't know at the time. So of course it's like, are you thinking about that? Like, what is it that hasn't been uncovered yet that would propel Humble Robotics even further? Like a new area of technological breakthrough? I mean, there's a lot of focus on certainly AI models, but do you think about that at all? Like what would propel Humble Robotics even further technologically speaking? That maybe is really on the fringe.

• 14:51Speaker 02

  Well, today we still have to do a lot of engineering around the brain.

• 14:54Speaker 00

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• 15:31Speaker 02

  Right, so there's not a brain that can drop into our platform, a vehicle that would just drive it with no additional work. I don't know if engineers would love that or hate it, but maybe it would be a blessing if we could just drop in, you know, a perfectly working OpenAI model or something, and it just drives to the destination and we'd be like, great, we're done, you know, easy. So there's still quite a bit of engineering that we have to do. What we are projecting and predicting is the rate of improvement of these models and intersecting that with where our business is going to be. So today, we have technology that can do, that can take this capless vehicle and do like relatively short routes, like we're talking under 50 mile kind of freight moves. We can do that with the tech today. We can do it in certain locations, right?

• 16:16Speaker 02

  It's like if you look at how autonomous vehicles kind of progressed, you know, they started in like sunny areas and then they kind of avoided weather, right? And then they started tackling weather and encounter all these scenarios that they haven't seen before and we work on those. It's kind of the same thing, it's kind of the same progression. Like we have some limitations on where we would take this capless vehicle today. But tomorrow, and where we see the intersection point of the business, we can take it much further. What we don't know is whether we are correct about the rate of improvement of the technology. But given how fast it's moving, we feel pretty good about that.

• 16:49Speaker 01

  One of the things that you have mentioned to me when we've previously spoken is about vision language models and

• 16:57Speaker 01

  You seem pretty bullish around that and not just for Humble Robotics sake, but I'm wondering, just for the industry, how do you see vision language models propelling the industry in a way that it didn't, you know, even five years ago?

• 17:12Speaker 02

  A lot of the work that I had done over the last 10 years in autonomous vehicles was driven off using LiDAR technology, which is like an amazing technology. It's like really cool. Like you get to see the world in 3D by firing lasers at like every possible point. It's like incredible technology, honestly. A little brittle, a little expensive, but I think it fueled and propelled a lot of the autonomous tech, right? You know, the dream, I think, would be to drive solely office, like a single camera or maybe two cameras, kind of like a human does today, right? I think that's the most cost efficient way to do autonomous vehicles.

• 17:50Speaker 01

  And also something that like Elon Musk at Tesla has been proposing and pushing for quite some time, which is the cameras will eventually be good enough to be able to do that. But there's been a question mark about, you know, are they there yet?

• 18:03Speaker 02

  Yeah, very, he's been very bullish on it for 10 years. I would say 10 years ago, the tech wasn't there, right? So to add to your other question too, right? Like the tech has really progressed a lot and you're now sitting in this place where that question is still debated, right? Cameras versus not cameras or whatever it is. But it's certainly trending in the direction where you can, where you can drive camera only and do basically everything a human can. That's the trend. And so we, you know, at Humble have become really bullish on that too. And when I started the company, we experimented with these, with these what we call pre-trained models. Basically, a vision model that has been trained on the entire internet, right? For the most part, or you know, somebody has put a lot of effort into training the model.

• 18:47Speaker 02

  And we were blown away by the results. I mean, like the, especially when you had 10 years in the industry doing it a different way, like we were doing a lot of LiDAR work to see the vision model. Quickly understand scenarios that we would have to spend like months of engineering time trying to solve and just have it really recognize, recognize traffic cones, recognize traffic lights, scenarios, an officer holding a stop sign. All those in the past used to be, you know, a lot more like a handcrafted scenarios almost that you would try to teach the the model to solve. And we just kind of got them for free. So for us, it started this idea of like, hey, like, what's maybe go all in on the vision models. We're not

• 19:30Speaker 02

  so dogmatic about the technology that, you know, we wouldn't use light or radar. Like, our vehicle today has light, our radar and camera. Like, we use all three of those sensors because you just want to be as safe as possible. So it's not really about a about an argument about which technology is better. It's just like, at the moment, we see cameras being pretty awesome. And we're really bullish on these vision models. And their rate of improvement has been tremendous.

• 19:55Speaker 01

  Yeah, but the stakes are high in autonomous vehicles. And, you know, you're going to, you know, put redundant sensors on there. And eventually, it'll get to that point. The interesting thing in sort of the startup scene is technologically speaking, things change. And also, as a startup founder, also somehow stay the same. And you were you were a founder before, and you had an exit with, I believe, Spark was acquired by John Deere. And I'm wondering, when you were leading that company compared to now, is it more competitive, harder to get talent because of what has actually changed in Silicon Valley, which

• 20:35Speaker 01

  is aside from, you know, more expensive real estate, there is a lot of folks focused on specifically physical AI, anything to do with like, defense tech, robotics, and AI, and then, of course, all these AI labs. Is it just a lot harder? Or? Or is it very similar to back when you had that company?

• 20:57Speaker 02

  I look at it a little differently. I think that there are more people gravitating toward the space, which I think is amazing. Like, the more, we want people to go into robotics. I think robotics is the future. I'm very, as you can guess, I'm very tech optimistic, right? Like, I see the value and like how our society can transform with robotics. And we want engineers to go into this. And I'd prefer engineers go into physical industries than go into, you know, more B2B software products. No shade on those. But I think, I think, you know, we, I would love for more engineers to go to robotics. And I think what's happening is that it is drawing people in, it's drawing, you know, new graduates in. You know, you graduate today and if you're excited about robotics, there is a healthy industry to go into.

• 21:41Speaker 02

  So I just think the industry is growing and that's exciting. I would say the entire time I've been in Silicon Valley, the talent wars are there and it's always competitive. And the way that we built Humble was, you know, I've worked in a lot of startups and people tend to follow each other when they have liked working together. And so we, we got the band back together from like seven different companies and put them all under one roof, which is like a really fun way to build a company.

• 22:06Speaker 01

  Oh, and I should mention the roof that you're under is actually a throwback to 2016, right? So this was Cruise's first out of the garage into a physical office space place.

• 22:19Speaker 02

  That's right. Yeah, this is clearly what you're looking at right now. This was Cruise's, I believe, first, yeah, first real, real building that they were in. And they did a lot of amazing work here. And we've had Cruise employees come in and like be very nostalgic for their time here, which is, which is really fun. But there's good DNA here, right? And we're very thankful to Cruise team because they did an amazing job, you know, making the building better.

• 22:40Speaker 01

  Yeah, but to your point, you talked about people following each other from startup to startup. And then you have a whole new batch of, of folks who seem interested or drawn in because of the rise in popularity. At the same time, you know, I've talked to people who have said that there's an interesting kind of poaching wars that are happening, not that that is new, but where they're drawing from. So robotics companies find themselves in competition with autonomous vehicle companies. So robotics companies not working on, let's say, an autonomous forklift or self-driving trucks, because there's that same skill set, which is applied AI. And I'm wondering if you're having a similar experience and if you've had to be creative of where you find your talent.

• 23:23Speaker 02

  Yeah, I mean, there's definitely a talent war and I think you're 100% right that those industries have a lot of overlap in the talent that they look for. A vision model is something that you might use on a Thomas vehicle and is something that you might use on a humanoid robot and it might be something that you use for your, you know, drone inspection program, right? It's like all that's like common talent. The way I think about it is this, you know, I will paint a vision for where Humble goes. We get excited about where our industry is going and we get a lot of interest of people who want to kind of participate in that. So it's not been too hard for us to find good talent, especially at the size that we are, but it is always, it's always difficult. And I think something that probably keeps up a lot of entrepreneurs and founders up

• 24:08Speaker 02

  is like, where am I going to get the talent that we need? And I would just encourage everybody who's excited about robotics to just get into it because it's a great time for it.

• 24:16Speaker 01

  Well, then you have more people that you can hire, you know? So that's benefiting you.

• 24:22Speaker 01

  Yeah, I'm wondering, to sort of close things out, I'm just wondering if you kind of gave a little bit of advice there, which is encouraging, you know, people to get into robotics, but for, but for the founders out there who are trying to like, do they just need to be thinking about how much money they're raising these days and how to apply that? Because certainly there's a lot of startups outside of the area and Silicon Valley, but there is quite a bit of activity in this area and a lot of opportunity for those people who are looking for it. So how should startups be thinking about how to manage these like very competitive salaries around either how they form their company or, you know, create the culture or how much they're raising?

• 25:05Speaker 02

  I think still people are drawn to companies with great cultures and that is

• 25:12Speaker 02

  You know, I'll sort of answer that in the reverse way. I actually think companies should really start with the culture they want to build and draw people on that before they try to draw them in on just competitive salaries and compensation. For a lot of the engineers, they have options. They have many options and usually they have an option that pays better than the one that they ultimately choose. They'll choose based on the company's vision that speaks to them, the culture that speaks to them. In some ways, that feels a little bit more like the 2016 mindset, which I think changed over the years, where people gravitate to the project that really captures them. And the compensation in the Bay Area pays well and well enough for some of these roles. I would encourage founders to build that amazing

• 25:53Speaker 02

  culture. You don't need, especially these days, you don't need these enormous teams. You know, I've been part of teams of thousands of engineers. That's a very hardship to maneuver, right? When you have thousands of engineers and getting that coordinated, and it rarely works, actually, to have so many people. So I would also encourage founders to think not only about culture, but about being efficient, right? You know, give people the responsibility that they want and give them the roles that they're excited about, and then they will come. That's how you win. That's how you win people over. Compensation is one part of it. And I think that's been true for a long time, but feels very relevant now.

• 26:28Speaker 01

  Yeah. Well, they have a lot of choices. And if you look at what the salary ranges are, they're, you know, up there, 300,000 or so. So you kind of have to offer something maybe a little bit different, more unique. We are about out of time, but where can our list, I know it's sped by, right?

• 26:46Speaker 02

  Yeah.

• 26:47Speaker 01

  Where can our listeners connect with you or find your work at Humble Robotics Online?

• 26:55Speaker 02

  Yeah. So you can visit our website, humblerobotics.ai. I'm always available to connect, you know, find me on LinkedIn or find me some other way. But, you know, I've been in this ecosystem a long time and I love chatting about this, obviously. So always happy to connect with excited people.

• 27:11Speaker 01

  Well, there's the open invite. You'll probably get lots of inbound now. Thank you so much, A.L., for joining us. And to our listeners, thanks for listening to another episode of Equity. You can find Equity at EquityPod on X and threads. Talk to you next time.

• 27:29Speaker 03

  Equity is hosted by TechCrunch senior reporters and produced by Teresa Locan Solo with editing by Cal. Subscribe on YouTube or wherever you get your podcasts and find out what's next at techcrunch.com/events. Thanks so much for listening and we'll talk to you next time.