100 Objects #1: The Century Safe

A locked iron safe, sealed for 100 years. What objects did Americans choose to remember?

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:00Roman Mars?

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• 0:45Roman Mars?

  the first school drop-off, the first sweater-weather day, and the first chilly evening around the fire pit. For over 100 years, LL Bean has been part of these traditions: crunching leaves in Maine-made Bean Boots, cheering from the sidelines in Scotch-plaid flannel, and walking the dog in a rugged field coat. So grab the layers and people you love and get outside. Visit llbean.com to shop the fall collection. LL Bean: Be an Outsider. 99% Invisible is presented by Acura. Curating and designing the perfect experience takes meticulous craft, an obsession with detail, and a love for innovation. Just like museum designers, Acura carefully considers every detail

• 1:30Roman Mars?

  to curate the most engaging, exhilarating, and rewarding experience for drivers. That craft isn't always something you can see, but it's something you'll feel: that flutter in your heart, the engine roars. Every Acura is designed with deliberate intention around how people actually use the vehicles. And that is precision-crafted performance. It's 1976. The average annual salary in the US is just over $9,000. There is no internet to entertain us, but Jaws is back in theaters, and afternoon delight is burning up the charts. Nixon has resigned in disgrace, so now Ford is president. The Vietnam War has finally come to a close.

• 2:15Roman Mars?

  And now, an ambivalent country is about to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. All of Washington is trying to get hyped. There's going to be fireworks, a huge celebration on the Mall. And in the US Capitol Building, in the marbled, beautiful Statuary Hall, there's a big, iron safe.

• 2:41Speaker 01

  Like, picture, like, a Western where they're robbing a train, and there's a safe on one of the cars of the railroad train. And it's this big, iron, monstrous thing, but it's sort of portable. That kind of a safe, like a 19th-century safe.

• 2:57Roman Mars?

  This is historian Jill Lepore.

• 2:59Speaker 01

  The safe, which is known as the Century Safe, sometimes called the Centennial Safe, was specially built on the occasion 100 years before, not of the bicentennial, but of the centennial, the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

• 3:14Roman Mars?

  The Century Safe was created in 1876 to mark the country's 100th birthday. The idea was to make a time capsule to fill the safe with objects, things hand-selected to represent the moment they came from. Those meaningful objects were hidden away inside the safe, and the doors were sealed. And written on the doors were instructions to the future.

• 3:39Speaker 01

  It is inscribed upon it the promise that it will be opened by the President of the United States in the crazy futuristic year of 1976.

• 3:49Speaker 02

  Good morning to all of you. Happy birthday to the USA. We are very pleased to have you assembled here this morning on a very historic occasion.

• 3:59Speaker 01

  And President Ford has been coerced by his aides to carve out a few minutes in his schedule to traipse from the White House over to the Capitol Building into Statuary Hall, where a fleet of photographers is assembled, awaiting this century-long wait finally coming to an end with the opening of an iron and glass door.

• 4:32Roman Mars?

  When the safe was first sealed, there was a record of what had been put inside. But by 1976, after its 100-year journey through time, most people had no idea. And so now, they were gathered around with one shared question: what was in there?

• 4:52Roman Mars?

  What objects did those Americans from the past think would really say, "This is who we are. These are the things that represent us and our values." I mean, what a daunting task, what a fraught exercise. What objects could anyone possibly pick to tell the story of the country, of our country? What fool would even attempt such a thing?

• 5:18Roman Mars?

  From 99% Invisible and BBC Studios, this is A History of the United States in 100 Objects. I'm Roman Mars.

• 5:38Roman Mars?

  Okay, so let's go back 100 years before 1976, when the safe was first being filled, which, to my understanding, was at the World's Fair of 1876. So could you talk about that World's Fair?

• 5:50Speaker 01

  Yeah, so a World's Fair, we don't really have them anymore. It's a little bit even hard to describe, but it's a little bit like a circus plus Epcot Center, plus Disney World, plus the UN.

• 6:04Roman Mars?

  It had arts and science exhibits from across the globe. 30,000 exhibits in more than 200 buildings. You could climb a ladder onto the right arm, the torch arm of the future Statue of Liberty. Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated what turned out to be his prototype of the telephone. Heinz ketchup was introduced to the public. It is hard to conceive of those as contemporary inventions, but with innovation accelerating to light speed, there they were, side by side.

• 6:35Speaker 01

  The big hit of the Centennial Exposition was Machinery Hall, where there was this giant power engine. There are also typewriters and sewing machines, just a lot of gadgetry that was fun to see.

• 6:49Roman Mars?

  President Grant personally pulled the lever of that engine that brought all the other exhibits in the hall to life. The technology had advanced so far that for most attendees, it must have seemed like magic. The fair was, in many ways, the centerpiece of the nation's first big birthday. So could you give a sense of what the general mood of 1876 is? Are people really feeling like celebrating the United States? Like, what is going on?

• 7:19Speaker 01

  It is a big, commercial hullabaloo to get people to celebrate the United States in 1876. Recall, we're only 11 years from the end of the Civil War, in which three quarters of a million Americans died. We are at the turning point in which Reconstruction, the plan for a fully multiracial democracy in the United States for the first time, is just about to be abandoned. And there is a great spirit of reform in the United States still, especially under the banner of the Women's Suffrage Movement. So there's a lot of political tumult in these years.

• 8:01Speaker 01

  But there is a tremendous amount that Americans who have an appetite for celebration are very keen to celebrate. It may be surprisingly less about American freedom and liberty and democracy, and more about American economic and industrial might and geographic expansion.

• 8:19Roman Mars?

  One in five Americans came to the 1876 World's Fair to see all of that innovation for themselves. In fact, progress had accelerated so much. Life was changing so fast that, for the first time, Americans were becoming fascinated with the future.

• 8:35Speaker 01

  You would say now, okay, for all of human time, having humans always been interested in the future. And I would say, no. That is, like, people, like, we just live in, like, what is the future of work? What is the future of automation? What is the future of AI? What is the future of democracy? Like, all of our political debates are about the future. It is like a kind of like Davos to Aspen pipeline of like, we must talk about the future at all time. Nobody thought about the future until the 20th century. But there is kind of the beginning of a notion of... Historical time that is novel in the 19th century. And people can picture rockets and going to the moon. And they're not called robots until the 1920s. But you can kind of, there's a lot about mechanical men. So people begin for the first time really thinking like,

• 9:21Speaker 01

  if machines keep getting better and faster and bigger and stronger, what will the future look like?

• 9:27Roman Mars?

  And it's in this moment of celebrating the past and thinking about the future that one woman, Anna Deam, a magazine publisher, dreams up the Century Safe.

• 9:37Speaker 01

  She was a Civil War widow. And, you know, was a canny businesswoman. And here was a stunt to get some attention for and sell subscriptions to the magazine and the newspaper. So she commissioned the building of this elaborate safe, which is kind of cool. It has like engraving all over it. And then it promises on it that it's going to be opened by the President of the United States in 1976 on July 4th, which is just cool. It would be, would have been like looking at a rocket ship.

• 10:11Roman Mars?

  So she gets space at the World's Fair to set this thing up. And then people interact with it. Like, how do they, what is on display?

• 10:20Speaker 01

  Well, the thing itself. But then you could, you could look at what was already in there. And you could pay money to have yourself put in. You could pay to have, to sign your autograph in an autograph book of just anybody. And these chumps did that. It was a clever ruse. Give me a kid. You got a nickel? So she made a little pretty penny.

• 10:54Roman Mars?

  So like, if, if the idea of time capsules is quite new and the idea of like, thinking about the past is kind of, is actually a new concept, thinking about the future is kind of a new concept. How does she convince people to care about this enough to get floor space on the World's Fair?

• 11:10Speaker 01

  I think she was a great show businesswoman. And it did speak to the moment in the sense of, it was a clever idea, right? Here we are 100 years from this Declaration of Independence.

• 11:23Speaker 01

  Why don't we think about where the country will be 100 years from now?

• 11:28Roman Mars?

  After the fair, having done everything she could to drum up excitement, Anna sealed her safe full of objects and entrusted it to Congress.

• 11:36Speaker 01

  And it goes down, you know, into the Raiders of the Lost Ark storage facility.

• 11:42Roman Mars?

  So like it really, over the course of this 100 years, despite the ornate bigness of the safe itself, it really does get kind of forgotten.

• 11:52Speaker 01

  Yeah, it's meant to be forgotten for a century. Like, what are you gonna do? Check on it?

• 11:55Roman Mars?

  Yeah, I guess that's true.

• 11:58Speaker 01

  What is, what's, what is, what's the point of seeing what it's looked like since 1929?

• 12:04Roman Mars?

  So the safe sat in the nation's capital as the country changed around it.

• 12:10Roman Mars?

  It sat there as debates about segregation grew from Reconstruction, as the Washington Monument went up and eventually Lincoln's, as men in uniform filled the streets on the way to World War I, then World War II. It sat not bothering anyone through the Great Depression and wounded knee in the Titanic and the creation of television and the Korean War and the March on Washington and the Stonewall riots and men walking on the moon. Time went on and on and the country changed and changed. And suddenly,

• 12:43Roman Mars?

  it was the 1970s.

• 12:45Speaker 01

  Yeah, so a newspaper article appears, I think in 1971. There's a lot of newspaper coverage of the bicentennial. And there's a story about, hey, aren't we supposed to be opening up this centennial safe? Because some clever reporter got the idea to go back and see what happened at the centennial. And then they go to the Smithsonian this morning and say, yeah, I think we still have that, but we don't know how to open it.

• 13:07Roman Mars?

  The New York Times runs an article, quote, "Smithsonian Can't Find Keys to Centennial Safe." That's right, in the intervening decades, they had lost the key. And then a man in Florida sees the article and realizes he has it.

• 13:22Speaker 01

  Because Anna Deane didn't have any children, so what happened to the key? And she didn't somehow, for some reason, she didn't give it to the Smithsonian. She gave it to her, like, great niece Edith or something. And, and this guy in Florida was Edith's, I don't know.

• 13:35Roman Mars?

  I have great aunt Emma. Is that, does that sound right?

• 13:38Speaker 01

  Emma, Edith, Gertrude, we could just make up a name that belonged to the Edwardian era Roman and we would be covered.

• 13:45Roman Mars?

  It was the guy's great aunt Emma who had gratefully passed on the key. So the safe could now be opened.

• 13:52Speaker 01

  And so then there's a whole rigmarole of like, are they gonna get it out? Are they gonna bring it to the Capitol? Then they managed to find it in storage. They bring it to the Capitol in January of 1976. They they have gotten the key from that guy, but maybe it's rusted. They have to hire a locksmith to jimmy the thing.

• 14:12Roman Mars?

  OK, so we have at least some of the parts here all coming together in 1976. And again, I kind of was hoping if you could sort of characterize, you know, the national mood at this moment as opposed to 1876. I mean, this is the bicentennial. Again, it's really tumultuous time. Watergate has happened, like a real change in the sense of what people feel about their government. What is the temperature around the country? And how is the bicentennial unfolding?

• 14:38Speaker 01

  Yeah, so we're barely out of the Vietnam War. Pentagon Papers, Watergate, Nixon's resigned in 74. Ford very controversially pardons him. And for Ford, really throwing himself into the hoopla of the bicentennial is about healing the country from those divisions and those wounds. And he comes to really believe that that is his main task as president. It was also controversial because, you know, the country's vision of itself was not a unitary vision anymore than it was at any other point in American history. But, you know, there Jesse Jackson called for a boycott of the bicentennial.

• 15:21Speaker 01

  Gil Scott-Heron wrote this great piece called Bicentennial Blues. There was a lot of kind of like Frederick Douglass vibe, resistance to the bicentennial. There were a lot of protests by Native nations, really effective protests. There were also a lot of powwows, like a lot of public celebrations of Native culture and Native politics. So it kind of had it all, the bicentennial.

• 15:49Speaker 03

  High honor and deep personal pleasure that I introduce the President of the United States.

• 15:55Roman Mars?

  And so like in an effort to grab on to something that we can all rally behind, let's get to this opening ceremony where Ford is in his three-piece suit.

• 16:03Speaker 03

  Obviously, I'm deeply honored to have the opportunity to open this historic centennial safe.

• 16:11Roman Mars?

  Ford stands in front of a packed room, cameras flashing, reading his speech from index cards.

• 16:17Speaker 03

  It contains many items of interest to us today as we celebrate the completion of our second century.

• 16:23Speaker 01

  And I think it's actually quite a special, like I think it's a nice speech, right? It's, I don't know, I guess if you don't like Ford, you're not, I mean, I kind of like Ford. He just, he just kind of runs with the metaphor, right?

• 16:36Speaker 03

  As we look inside this safe, let us look inside ourselves.

• 16:42Speaker 01

  What does this safe contain? It contains our hopes and aspirations as a people. And nothing is more precious than that.

• 16:51Speaker 03

  America's wealth is not in material objects, but in our great heritage, our freedoms, and our belief in ourselves.

• 17:00Speaker 01

  Let us look into our hearts.

• 17:01Speaker 03

  Let us look into our hearts.

• 17:03Speaker 01

  And into our hopes.

• 17:07Speaker 03

  Thank you very much.

• 17:11Speaker 01

  And now let's open the doors.

• 17:22Roman Mars?

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• 17:56Roman Mars?

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• 19:38Roman Mars?

  So we're finally at this moment where the safe is going to be opened and we're going to find out what's inside. So Ford finishes his nice little speech and can you tell us what happens as they start pulling out some of the items?

• 19:51Speaker 01

  Yeah, so he pulls things out one by one and sort of looks at them.

• 19:55Speaker 03

  Here is a.

• 19:57Speaker 01

  And tries to like identify it.

• 19:59Speaker 03

  That's a Tiffany inkstand, I understand.

• 20:04Speaker 01

  Like, OK, this is an inkstand.

• 20:06Speaker 03

  It looks a little different than the ones we have, Kyle.

• 20:09Speaker 01

  There's a room of photographers and reporters who are awaiting, you know, message in a bottle, confessions of Jefferson Davis, an unpublished memoir that explains the abandonment of Reconstruction, like all the things that I want to see.

• 20:26Speaker 03

  This is a photograph of an early statesman. I don't see his name.

• 20:32Speaker 01

  But, I mean, really, it's a dud.

• 20:34Speaker 03

  Lindy, I have a picture of a chairperson. I don't have any indication of her name, but she looks mighty pretty.

• 20:45Speaker 01

  Like, it's just, they're just nothing, it's just like nothing after nothing. And so he pulls out more things and people just start laughing.

• 20:52Speaker 03

  I guess the other picture was Mr. M.F. Cooper, electoral commissioner.

• 21:02Speaker 03

  They always seem to get their picture in their dumpster.

• 21:06Speaker 01

  You have very high expectations for like, what could you have want to have seen from 1876? And nothing in there is anything that you would ever have wanted anybody to keep on any occasion.

• 21:20Roman Mars?

  In the end, the safe turned out to have a lot of photographs. Abraham Lincoln was there, Ulysses S. Grant, there was one of all the members of the 44th Congress, the one seated in 1876, and one of Anna Deam herself.

• 21:34Speaker 01

  And then there's the temperance pamphlet. There is this inkstand that supposedly was Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's.

• 21:41Roman Mars?

  There was a book with the names of the 80,000 people working for the government in 1876. There was a picture of Anna Deam's family physician. He must have been a fantastic doctor. And a book of autographs from legislators, clergymen, poets, scientists, and anyone who paid to sign it.

• 22:00Speaker 01

  Like, forgotten nobodies they might have well have been called. Like, everyone's just like, oh, okay. Yeah. What are we doing tomorrow?

• 22:10Speaker 02

  I hate to make this announcement, but the bells have rung in the House for a vote to all the House members.

• 22:15Speaker 01

  It's just like it's a non-event.

• 22:26Roman Mars?

  So why do you think these objects were so disappointing?

• 22:37Speaker 01

  I think they don't cross the valley of time with their significance intact. So what was significant to the people who put them in there was the novelty of photography,

• 22:56Speaker 01

  the possibility of preservation.

• 23:01Speaker 01

  I mean, it is kind of new to be keeping something preserved.

• 23:05Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 23:05Speaker 01

  Right? And this would have been a very well-preserved set of materials because they're sealed in a glass box. That would have seemed significant to them, the very fact of being able to seal it.

• 23:16Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 23:16Speaker 01

  You know, embalming was really new in the Civil War because, you know, your son or your brother, your father died far from home and people could pay to have the body embalmed so that it could be sent by railroad to go home and you could still, it would still be something you could view before burial.

• 23:36Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 23:37Speaker 01

  And that form of preservation, preserving the human body long enough for a railroad journey to get home and be seen by loved ones, was a hugely significant thing, like photography, where you could still see someone who had died.

• 23:52Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 23:53Speaker 01

  And the

• 23:56Speaker 01

  century safe is like, has that sense of embalming a moment in time, but it's more fascinated with the very act of preservation than it is with. Carefully thinking about what's worth preserving.

• 24:12Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 24:13Speaker 01

  It's almost like a monument to the possibility that we could preserve something where like as a like what to put in there was an afterthought.

• 24:23Roman Mars?

  Yeah. So what would have been interesting? What could she put in there that you as a historian and you particularly as like an archive nut as the type of historian who likes old dusty things to pull out? Like, what would you have liked to have seen?

• 24:38Speaker 01

  Oh, something totally sneaky. First of all, nothing published, nothing that is not handwritten or hand drawn. Like the something that is one of a kind that exists nowhere else, that can be found nowhere else, that would be a revelation upon its discovery. So, um,

• 25:02Speaker 01

  Love Letters of Ulysses S. Grant. I don't know, you know, like, um, I don't really care about Ulysses S. Grant. But the diary of a Chinese railroad worker who was learning English or something. Like, I don't like something that we don't have.

• 25:18Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 25:19Speaker 01

  And that we were not, that was not going to survive otherwise.

• 25:23Roman Mars?

  I very much take Jill's point here. I can't imagine how disappointing everything in the safe must have felt after 100 years of buildup. But I will say, even those objects that seem like they are absolutely worthless when you spend a little bit of time with them, they do take you somewhere.

• 25:42Roman Mars?

  Like the temperance pamphlet. Of course, a handwritten original item would be more profound. But this mass printed pamphlet represents one of the biggest social movements at the time, one that would ultimately amend the constitution, not once, but twice.

• 26:00Roman Mars?

  This fight over alcohol that is so far in the past for us was front of mind for them.

• 26:08Roman Mars?

  Or that photograph of the 44th Congress. It features eight black members, more than ever before. But it was also the last time we would have so many black representatives for almost 100 years. Were they thinking at this moment in 1876 that this progress would continue? Or could they feel the failure of Reconstruction on the horizon?

• 26:35Roman Mars?

  Even that thoroughly unremarkable inkwell that Ford pulled from the safe, it belonged to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, the celebrated poet and author of Paul Revere's Ride. He's the reason every American knows the redcoats are coming. The version of the Revolutionary War most people carry around in their heads came from his pen. But when the safe was filled, he was still deep in mourning from the death of his wife. She was at home with him when her dress caught fire, and when Longfellow tried to smother the flames, he suffered severe burns to his face. From then on, he wore a long beard to hide his scars. He was never the same.

• 27:16Roman Mars?

  One writer said his poems about mourning effectively turned him into the nation's grief counselor. And the only reason I know all this is because that inkwell was in the Sentry safe. So I understand the disappointment of Joe Lepore and President Ford and the entire population of the United States in 1976, but I do think that in all these objects, in any American object, you can find America.

• 27:57Roman Mars?

  The reason why I want to talk to you about this Sentry safe is because we're embarking on this series called A History of the U.S. in 100 Objects. And so we're kind of picking things out, you know, to represent the United States. And I was just wondering, like, should we even be trying to do this? Like, do you have some advice?

• 28:19Speaker 01

  I don't know. Why not? I say, I'm glad you're doing it. You will have fun. I think that it is important to recognize...

• 28:33Speaker 01

  That much like the present, the past is largely a chronicle of misery. I mean, people suffer.

• 28:39Roman Mars?

  Yeah.

• 28:39Speaker 01

  And the people who suffer the most leave the least evidence behind. And so, any history that begins with what survives has a real challenge to arriving at any proper perspective on the human condition. I think that is the asymmetry of the historical record, right? The people who were wealthiest and most literate and had the greatest resources not only left, not only made a lot of records, they managed to have their records preserved. And everyone else disappears and just vanishes. Their remains are gone. And I think it puts a special obligation on anyone who's trying to write history

• 29:25Speaker 01

  or tell a story about the past to be attentive, to not give up in the face of the asymmetry and to try to repair the historical record by finding other kinds of evidence, the evidence that does survive, that makes sure that we understand the lives both of the powerful and the powerless. But I wouldn't fall into the notion that it is

• 29:50Speaker 01

  that you're assembling an exquisite and representative archive.

• 29:57Roman Mars?

  We are not making an official archive. It probably won't be exquisite. But we are going to tell our story, the story of the United States through objects, 100 objects, to be exact. We are going to try to look beyond the official record, outside of the things we've already thought to preserve and put behind museum glass.

• 30:19Roman Mars?

  Instead, we're going to talk to historians and writers and storytellers and just normal people about discarded objects and small, personal keepsakes and all kinds of things that are so common, we don't think about how important they really are.

• 30:34Roman Mars?

  We're going to see what stories those kinds of objects have to tell us about where we've been as a country, the good and the bad, the promises and the failures.

• 30:49Roman Mars?

  Jill Lepore, thank you so much for talking with me. I really had a great time.

• 30:52Speaker 01

  Nah, I had a great time too. I can't wait to see what you guys put in your safe.

• 30:58Roman Mars?

  Whatever we put in our safe, it won't be a time capsule for the future. This is a collection for right now, an ongoing weekly exhibit of the past to help us understand this moment. And we need you. I want you to look in your attics and think back through your family histories and tell us what objects you think tell a bigger story of America. Email us at one hundred objects at nine nine P I dot org. It's going to take all of us forgotten nobodies to do this right. Join us as we make history.

• 31:33Roman Mars?

  There was a version of this show back in 2010 from the BBC that was focused on the world, a history of the world in a hundred objects. The stories all came from objects housed in the British Museum, and I loved it. It was a landmark show. So I'm proud to be working with BBC Studios on this new and reimagined version, picking up the mantle and telling stories about the USA. We'll be bringing you new episodes every Friday, right here in the 99% of visible fee. Our next episode will air next Friday, but if you want to hear that episode and all future episodes one week early, subscribe to Sirius XM Podcast Plus.

• 32:12Roman Mars?

  My guest Jill Lepore is a historian, professor of American history at Harvard University, and professor of law at Harvard Law School. She's also a staff writer at The New Yorker and a brand new recipient of the Pulitzer Prize. I love every single one of her books, but the Jubilee edition of her amazing book, These Truths: A History of the United States, was just released. It's so good, guys. You gotta read it.

• 32:41Roman Mars?

  A History of the United States in 100 Objects is a production of 99% Invisible and BBC Studios. It's hosted and curated by me, Roman Mars. Our series producers are Priscilla Alabie, Brenna Dahlendorf, and Ellie Lightfoot. Our associate producer is Isaac Fisher. This series was edited by Annie Brown and Courtney Harrell. Mixing by Charlie Brandon King. Fact checking by Amy Bracken. Our theme song is by Swan Real. From 99% Invisible, our executive producer is Cathy Too. From BBC Studios, our executive producers are Annie Brown and Courtney Harrell. Our production coordinator is Shan Pelé, and the production manager is Mabel Finnegan Wright. Artwork by Stefan Lawrence. 99% Invisible

• 33:26Roman Mars?

  is part of the SiriusXM Podcast family headquartered in beautiful Uptown, Oakland, California. And BBC Studios is headquartered in beautiful White City, West London. If you want to get in touch or have an object for us to consider, email us at [email protected]. Thank you to the Julian P. Cantor Collection at the Carl Albert Center Archives and the Gerald Ford Presidential Library for use of the audio of the opening of The Century Safe.

• 34:12Speaker 04

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• 34:35Speaker 04

  So the next time you have to choose, choose Hidden Brain on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, YouTube, or HiddenBrain.org.

• 34:42Speaker 05

  I like things my way, my coffee, my schedule, and my treatment. So I talked to my doctor about self-injecting with the Vivgard HiTrulo prefilled syringe, which contains efgartigimod alpha and hyaluronidase QVFC. It's injected under your skin subcutaneously. It means I can inject in my space, on my time. It's my treatment, my way. Visit VivgardMyWay.com. That's V Y V G A R T MyWay.com. And talk to your doctor about Vivgard HiTrulo. Brought to you by Argenx.

• 35:13Speaker 06

  Ameriprise Financial has been providing personal financial advice since 1894. Through changing times, clients have counted on us to know they're protected and that their wealth is preserved. For over six generations, our advice has been helping people do more than achieve their goals. We've been helping them achieve their goals with confidence. Ameriprise Financial, advice worth talking about. Visit Ameriprise.com/Advice for information and disclosures. Securities offered by Ameriprise Financial Services, LLC. Member FINRA and SIPC.