At the Money: Optimizing Personal Health in Finance

Wall Street is always looking for an edge over the competition. But what if there was a giant source of overlooked alpha? Phil Pearlman, former Chief Behavioral Officer at the Bank of the Ozarks and founder of the Pearl Institute speaks with Barry Ritholtz about how the traders are seeking better returns by optimizing for personal health. Each week, “At the Money” discusses an important topic in money management. From portfolio construction to taxes and cutting down on fees, join Barry Ritholtz to learn the best ways to put your money to work. See omnystudio.com/listener https://omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

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• 1:20Barry Ritholtz?

  Everyone on Wall Street is looking for an edge. We deploy quant models, hire analysts, run various simulations, all to gain the slightest advantage that might be worth a few basis points over a year. But what if you were overlooking a giant source of alpha? I'm Barry Ritholtz, and on today's edition of At the Money, we're going to discuss how Wall Street has been using personal health to gain a competitive advantage. To help us understand all of this and its implications for your portfolio, let's bring in Phil Pearlman. Previously, he served as executive editor at StockTwits and was chief behavioral officer at the Bank of the Ozarks.

• 2:04Barry Ritholtz?

  Today, he runs the Pearl Institute, focusing on personal health and the process of making effective change. So Phil, let's just start with a basic question. What is fitness alpha?

• 2:19Speaker 03

  Fitness Alpha is a model of performance and we can derive Alpha in markets from so many different areas. And you know, just as a very brief primer, for those who might not know, Alpha is this idea of how much we outperform. So if our benchmark is the S and P 500, we're a money manager and we make 25% in a year when the market's up 20%, that's 5% of Alpha and so forth. If we're, if we're up 15%, that's 5% of negative Alpha if the market's up 20%. And so, where do you get the Alpha from? And you know, do you get it from information? Do you get it from having a certain model? There's different sources and there's one source that is just a

• 3:04Speaker 03

  very simple source of Alpha that nobody is talking about. Nobody has ever talked about it. And it's basically the outperformance we derive from our health. The healthier we get, the better we perform across multiple areas of function.

• 3:23Barry Ritholtz?

  So give us a few examples of some of those multiple functions that create an advantage in the financial marketplace.

• 3:32Speaker 03

  Well, markets are a competitive endeavor and we know from years of research that health, the better, the more healthy we get, the better we perform across multiple areas of function, including stress tolerance, right? So the markets are stressful. 2022, anybody who's involved with markets for years, think of 2022 for one moment and you know it was a stressful time. And bear markets occur periodically. I don't know, every five or six years. And so when we have bear markets and we're able to tolerate stress more adaptively, our performance

• 4:15Speaker 03

  will improve. Not only stress tolerance, but emotional regulation and emotional control. How we're able to control our emotions, how we're able to cope with our emotions. Do they affect us behaviorally? Do we go on tilt? Or do we remain rational during volatile periods?

• 4:38Barry Ritholtz?

  This sounds like you're referring to fitness Alpha helps you make better decisions, especially in times of volatility.

• 4:47Speaker 03

  Absolutely. And there are so many different areas. For example, stamina and resilience, right? I mean, money managers have pressure even during bull markets because everybody's sort of chasing returns. And that is a stressor. So it's not just during periods of volatility in bear markets. You get it in bull markets alike. And our ability to bounce back. So just to go back to your other question. There's so many different areas, and that's why I'm harping on it. Resilience, we bounce back better, the healthier that we get. We recuperate faster. We're able to stay focused longer. Long days, we could put in long days after long days.

• 5:30Speaker 03

  Our charisma, our self-confidence, and the way we are perceived by others.

• 5:36Barry Ritholtz?

  You and I have spoken about this previously. And you have mentioned that this has quietly become a thing on Wall Street. More trading desks, more funds are internally discussing fitness alpha. Explain a little bit about what's happening on the street.

• 5:54Speaker 03

  Well, you know, there was a moment, you know, and this goes back 30 some odd years. But there was a moment when Tiger Woods won the Masters. He changed the game of golf forever. Because before Tiger Woods, none of the golfers really thought about their physical health. And all of a sudden, here comes a young golfer who's in better shape than anybody else out there. And he's crushing the ball. And he is able to manage his emotional world, his stress, and stay ice cold, even with the greatest pressure on him. And after Tiger Woods, now you go and you look at the tour.

• 6:37Speaker 03

  Almost everybody is in incredible condition. And so you're starting to really see something similar to that happen on Wall Street, especially at the highest tiers and in the hedge fund industry. I've had numerous clients who've come to me with metabolic health.

• 6:57Speaker 03

  Problems with alcohol and other substance problems. And they begin to get those under control. And then all of a sudden, they have more energy. They bounce back quicker, their resilience improves. And they're performing better and feeling like it's a more sustainable thing than being day to day and hour to hour.

• 7:20Barry Ritholtz?

  So let's talk about some of the areas of health that you focus on. You touched on drinking, you touched on metabolism, which I assume involves nutrition. What are the areas that you can derive fitness alpha from?

• 7:33Speaker 03

  Well, here's the thing about that. I'd like to keep things really, really simple. Okay. And if you go out there, there's a thousand books and there's 10,000 hours of podcasts focusing on health and wellbeing these days. And they get very, very granular. And there's a lot of debates and arguments and, you know, mitochondria and VO2 max. And there's a thousand buzzwords. I like to keep it very, very simple. And from my point of view, there are four elements of health that we can focus on. And if we can just get a little bit better, we don't have to get 1% better every day. We could just get 5% better a year.

• 8:19Speaker 03

  And if we do that year after year, and those four areas, those four elements of good health are nutrition. What we put into the only body that we are ever issued on this earth. Body movement, which is exercise, which includes cardiovascular, you know, aerobic exercise. And also anaerobic exercise or resistance training. It also includes sleep and rest and how we allow our bodies to heal over time. Whether that's sleeping or whether that's taking a day off or two if we're injured. And social and family and love. And that's the fourth one. It's a very surprising one when I

• 9:02Speaker 03

  mention that, but huge alpha in relationship and love focus.

• 9:10Barry Ritholtz?

  Sleep, nutrition, exercise, social. All right. So those are the four big areas. So within those four areas, someone listening to this, whether they're a trader or a fund manager, or driving a truck or working in a retail store, what do they need to do to generate that performance boost, to generate that fitness alpha in those four areas?

• 9:35Speaker 03

  Well, all you have to do is get a little bit better at a time. All you have to do is get incrementally better over time. You don't have to try to blow the lights out. Hey, I'm going to start exercising six times a day. I'm going to completely change my diet. I'm going to do all these things. You don't have to get super duper gung ho. And I would say that for each person, there is a gateway drug in a good way. You know, not a gateway bad drug, but a gateway good drug. There's a place to start. And it really, there's individual differences and it's dependent on the person. I'll give you a few examples. If you have somebody who really does not move their body,

• 10:18Speaker 03

  and they're gaining weight over the years, begin to move your body. And that can be as simple as just walking. Walking is an incredible thing. You get outside, you get into the fresh air. Maybe you turn notifications off on your phone. And you just begin to get the blood flowing and the body movement. For other people, hey, you might have people who love food, who are good cooks. Maybe their gateway drug is to say, hey, I'm going to really begin this by focusing on my nutrition. And you don't have to do anything fancy there. You could keep it stupid simple there too. And just start eating real foods with very few ingredients and staying away

• 11:01Speaker 03

  from ultra processed foods and staying away from Foods that have a lot of added sugar. The one other thing that I thought of when you asked me that question was this. That I find that substance abuse and alcohol abuse is very prominent in our culture. And extremely prominent among professional market participants. And we know, especially as we age, that alcohol and other substances affect our performance and affect our brains very, very significantly. And so if you could get a handle on that, that would be another fantastic gateway.

• 11:43Barry Ritholtz?

  So let's say we all start moving a little more, we start eating better, we cut the cigarettes and that glass of wine with dinner. How does that show up in our portfolios? What sort of advantages accrue to us?

• 11:58Speaker 03

  Well, it begins with executive functioning and it begins with decision making. And this is a direct relationship to the ideas coming from behavioral economics. And this idea that we are not always rational decision makers. And the better, you know, I always use, I always, whenever I hear the word rational, I, I, I substitute the word wise. Right? So we are not always wise decision makers and we know that the average human suffers from loss aversion and we know that there's anxiety related to losses especially.

• 12:39Speaker 03

  And so when we are even incrementally improving our ability to make decisions, to make wise decisions. That's really where we experience alpha, where we make better decisions that affect our portfolio, that improve our performance.

• 12:57Barry Ritholtz?

  And are there any fringe benefits to this besides just improving our portfolios?

• 13:04Speaker 03

  Well, that's actually a beautiful question because I'm actually flipping the primary use case. You know, when people talk about getting healthier, they're not talking about improving your portfolio. They're talking about extending your life and staying healthy for longer and improving your mood and improving your relationships and improving your quality of life. And so really, the fringe benefits are just incredibly central and some would argue primary. I mean, let's say, if you were not an investor or a market participant, and I was talking to you about this, I would be making the same exact case related to, hey, well, wouldn't you like, you know, we're only here

• 13:46Speaker 03

  once. Wouldn't you like to stay healthier longer and so that you can enjoy life for a longer period of time?

• 13:53Barry Ritholtz?

  So this sounds like this is not just for Wall Street traders and fund managers. Fitness Alpha, sounds like it can apply to just about everybody.

• 14:02Speaker 03

  I built this model from my own experience, Barry. I was not a healthy person and I was kind of faking it. Like I was performing well enough professionally that I was getting by and I was making some money, but I was not thriving. And I started to get myself healthy and I started to experience this. Wow, I have more energy. Wow.

• 14:26Barry Ritholtz?

  And I wanna, I wanna interrupt you because I want people to realize, back in the day, you were considerably heavier, you were a big drinker, you were not in any sort of shape other than round, round is a shape. But you were, you know, you were struggling. Tell us a little bit about that aha moment and tell us what you accomplished.

• 14:47Speaker 03

  You know, I'm like Hair Club for Men. Remember that commercial, the Hair Club for Men guy? I used the product myself, so I bought the company. You know, I mean, I got myself healthy and I was kind of, you know, I was kind of faking it. I was an executive within the financial services space and I was miserable, traveling too much, drinking too much, not moving my body

• 15:13Speaker 03

  15 years old, I was an athlete, but I had gotten so far away from who I was. You know, there's this idea in Buddhism of enlightenment. This one great author once said that enlightenment is nothing mysterious. It's really just rediscovering who you always were. And so I felt like as I started really getting healthy, getting my mind and body in shape, that I started really rediscovering who I was, getting back to me. And low and behold, I started performing better across all aspects of my life.

• 15:48Barry Ritholtz?

  So to wrap up, fitness alpha is how Wall Street finds yet another edge to enhance their performance, but it's not just for Wall Street professionals. We sleep better, we eat better, we move, we have better social relationships. Not only does that show up in our portfolios, but it also shows up in extended lifespans and healthier for longer as part of your alpha. I'm Barry Ritholtz and you're listening to Bloomberg's At the Money.

• 16:38Speaker 04

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