Scientists Have Reached a Key Milestone in How to Reverse Aging

Prepare to dive into the groundbreaking realm of reversing aging! In this electrifying mashup episode, I'm joined by visionary scientists David Sinclair and Sergey Young, as we unravel the secrets behind scientific advancements that promise to turn back our biological clocks. This isn't just science fiction—it's the dawn of a new era in longevity research. We'll explore cutting-edge discoveries like the Horvath clock, a revolutionary method that predicts biological aging more accurately than ever before. Here's what you'll discover: - The Importance of Biological Markers: David Sinclair sheds light on how we might not just slow down aging but potentially reverse it, using interventions that modify our biological markers. - Understanding Biological Aging: Learn the mechanisms that signal our biological age and the pioneering techniques to manipulate these markers. - The Power of Caloric Restriction: Sergey Young breaks down why reducing caloric intake isn't just about losing weight—it's about gaining years of healthy life. - Future of Longevity: We'll discuss the potential of emerging technologies and lifestyle changes that could extend our healthy lifespan by decades. This episode is a must-listen for anyone fascinated by the potential to enhance their healthspan and challenge the traditional boundaries of aging. Join us as we decode the science that could redefine old age, offering a future where living healthily into our 100s might just be the norm. Tune in to transform your understanding of aging and learn how to embrace the promising future of longevity! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:00Ed Mylett?

  I hear so many small business owners say the exact same thing. They just never have enough time in the day. Well, I measure time differently. I've compressed, condensed, heck, I've bent time. My first day is 6:00 AM to noon. My second day starts at noon and goes till 6:00 PM. And my third day, 6:00 PM to midnight. I now get 21 days a week. Stack that up over a month, over a year, over five years. And my life's completely different than it would have been otherwise. And if you want to win as an entrepreneur, you have to compress your time too. And you definitely can't afford to waste it. Waiting weeks on a big bank for capital? Your best bet's to work with my friends at Cardiff. They know how to compress time for entrepreneurs. They get your business approved in minutes and funded the very same day. They're America's favorite small business lender and for good reason.

• 0:45Ed Mylett?

  Over 20 years in business, over 12 billion deployed to small business across America. Stop letting bank delays slow down your momentum. Head to cardiff.co/ed. That's cardiff.co/ed. Cardiff.co. Real growth, fast funding. Cardiff, borrow better. So, hey, guys, listen, we're all trying to get more productive. And the question is, how do you find a way to get an edge? I'm a big believer that if you're getting mentoring or you're in an environment that causes growth, a growth-based environment, that you're much more likely to grow and you're going to grow faster. And that's why I love Growth Day. Growth Day is an app that my friend Brendan Burchard has created that I'm a big fan of. Write this down, growthday.com/ed. So if you want to be more productive, by the way, he's asked me, I post videos in there every single Monday that gets your day off to the right start.

• 1:30Ed Mylett?

  He's got about $5,000, $10,000 worth of courses that are in there that come with the app. Also, some of the top influencers in the world are all posting content and they're on a regular basis, like having the Avengers of personal development and business in one app. And I'm honored that he asked me to be a part of it as well and contribute on a weekly basis, and I do. So go over there and get signed up. You're going to get a free, tuition-free voucher to go to an event with Brendan and myself and a bunch of other influencers as well. So you get a free event out of it also. So go to growthday.com/ed. That's growthday.com/ed. The third-generation Range Rover Sport is the most desirable, advanced, and dynamically capable yet. Range Rover Sport redefines sporting luxury. With an instinctive drive and engaging on-road dynamics and effortless composure,

• 2:14Ed Mylett?

  advanced cabin technology such as active noise cancellation and cabin air purification offer new levels of comfort and refinement. A purposeful cockpit-like driving position sets the tone for a focused interior that promotes exhilarating driver engagement. The award-winning Pivi Pro Infotainment is at the heart of the experience and provides intuitive control of all vehicle systems. Range Rover Sport. Design your Range Rover Sport at LandRoverUSA.com.

• 2:46Ed Mylett?

  This is the Ed Mylett Show.

• 2:51Ed Mylett?

  Hey, everyone. Welcome to my weekend special. I hope you enjoy the show. Be sure to follow the Ed Mylett Show on Apple and Spotify. Links are in the show notes. You'll never miss an episode that way. The man to my right, I chased down today because today's show is for me, everybody, and you guys get to listen in because we're going to talk about anti-aging. We're going to talk about living longer. We're going to talk about living better. And the man to my right is the foremost expert, I think, on the spinning earth today in this area and an unbelievable bestselling author, international bestselling author of this book, Lifespan, everybody, that I want you to get, Why We Age and Why We Don't Have To. And that's what we're going to talk about today is you not having to age and how we can help you with that. So Dr. Sinclair, David, thank you for being here.

• 3:33Speaker 01

  Call me David. Thanks, Ed, for having me here.

• 3:35Ed Mylett?

  Going forward, it will be David. I want to talk first off about aging and how we measure it because, you know, I'm not sure, you know, if we're going to not age or we're going to reverse our age, there has to be a calibration method. And I'm wondering, when you do that, is that, is that telomeres? Because I know you talk about the Horvath clock also in your book. How do you measure aging?

• 3:56Speaker 01

  Well, we used to just look at people and that person looks kind of old, that person doesn't.

• 4:01Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 4:02Speaker 01

  Then we had telomeres, which was all the rage in the 1990s. Actually, telomeres aren't the whole rage anymore. There's a new way of measuring aging. And it's this Horvath clock you mentioned.

• 4:11Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 4:12Speaker 01

  So the Horvath clock has revolutionized our ability to design ways to slow down and in my lab, accelerate aging. We can measure it. I could take your blood today, maybe I should, take some back to my lab, and I could measure your actual biological age. So forget about candles, they're irrelevant. I could measure this Horvath clock. And I could tell you not just how old you are biologically, but how long you're gonna live and when you're gonna die.

• 4:38Ed Mylett?

  When you're gonna die?

• 4:39Speaker 01

  Yeah, very accurately. It's scary, but this clock actually tells us, I think, about what the process of aging is. Why do we age in the first place?

• 4:47Ed Mylett?

  So it's not, telomeres is sort of old school now? Is that what you're saying?

• 4:51Speaker 01

  Well, you know, I try not to just be black and white about this, but telomeres is certainly not the whole story of aging anymore.

• 4:58Ed Mylett?

  So, in general, then we're gonna get very specific. Why do we age? How do we age?

• 5:04Speaker 01

  Well, so this is what's in my book, which is, I've kept bottled up an idea about aging and we studied it for 10 years and kept it secret. And it all just flowed out onto the page in the book. And we have all this research to back it up. What I'm proposing is that there are lots of different causes of aging. Telomere loss is another, is a main one. There's stem cell loss, senescent cells, so zombie cells that accumulate, all these things. We actually, as a field, I'm a scientist, first and foremost, we declared victory over aging about 10 years ago. We said, there are eight causes of aging. Let's put them in a pie chart. We're done. We know what causes aging. And I'm there thinking, that's great, but what causes those things?

• 5:45Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 5:45Speaker 01

  Is there a unified theory of aging?

• 5:47Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 5:47Speaker 01

  And that's what I've got in the book. It's called the information theory of aging. And it can explain, I think, why all of those things happen. So instead of building nine dams or eight dams on eight tributaries, we may be able to go all the way up and stop the main driver of what causes us to get old.

• 6:03Ed Mylett?

  So I wanna go through a couple of things. By the way, the book, by the way, now has an audio version that's been updated as well. And I really recommend you all, if you have the book, is go get a look at the new audio book and listen to that because there's a whole new thing in the book there that he's added as well. But I wanna go through some of the basic things you've covered because some of these things I do and I'm wondering if they're still effective. And I'm wondering if I shouldn't be doing them anymore, but one of the things I was prescribed, I have had a touch of atherosclerosis in my life. And one of the things my cardiologist was concerned about was inflammation in my body. And so I was prescribed Metformin.

• 6:39Ed Mylett?

  In an effort to reduce inflammation in my body. And I'm wondering all of your thoughts on metformin because it's at the kind of the, it's part of the book. And it's also part of a lot of the conversation about anti-aging, glucose regulation and those kind of things.

• 6:54Speaker 01

  Yeah, so the thing with metformin that everyone needs to know and will know if they get the book is that there are three main ways to slow down aging, three genetic pathways. I work on one pathway called the sirtuins, which we can talk about later, but there are crocs of defending against aging. There are two others. One responds to how much protein you eat. And the third one responds how much energy, chemical energy is in your body. That's metformin.

• 7:20Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 7:20Speaker 01

  So metformin will trick your body into thinking there's not enough energy and it'll respond and actually make your body, we think, fight against aging.

• 7:29Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 7:29Speaker 01

  And particularly type 2 diabetes. So metformin is a drug that came out from the French lilac. It's originally a natural molecule, but it was tweaked a bit, so it's now a drug. You need a prescription. But I'm shocked, are you still taking metformin?

• 7:43Ed Mylett?

  I'm not.

• 7:44Speaker 01

  Ah, well, all right, we need to talk.

• 7:46Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 7:47Speaker 01

  But I'm not an M D.

• 7:48Ed Mylett?

  Why should we talk? Should I be still taking it?

• 7:51Speaker 01

  I don't make any recommendations.

• 7:53Ed Mylett?

  In general?

• 7:54Speaker 01

  But what I do is I take it.

• 7:56Ed Mylett?

  You do?

• 7:56Speaker 01

  Yeah, I don't leave home without it.

• 7:58Ed Mylett?

  Can I tell you why I stopped and you can correct me?

• 8:00Speaker 01

  Sure.

• 8:00Ed Mylett?

  Okay. I stopped because I started to read at least anecdotal evidence, because I do lift weights.

• 8:05Speaker 01

  Yep.

• 8:06Ed Mylett?

  I'm an athlete. I'd like to think of myself as an athlete, even though I'm pushing 50 years old, that it may have some negative implications on athletic performance and/or recovery.

• 8:16Speaker 01

  All right, so now we're really jumping in fast.

• 8:18Ed Mylett?

  There we go. I've been waiting for today for a long time, sorry.

• 8:23Speaker 01

  Yeah, so metformin, what it does is it inhibits your mitochondria, it makes your body think you don't have enough energy.

• 8:29Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 8:29Speaker 01

  And your body will respond accordingly and you become what's called insulin sensitive. You'll have low glucose levels in your body and it'll prevent type 2 diabetes.

• 8:38Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 8:39Speaker 01

  What we also know from studies of 10,000, up to 100,000 people in some studies, people who take metformin seem to be protected, not just against diabetes, but against Heart disease, cancer, frailty and Alzheimer's, that's all good. That's what you find in a, an anti-aging or longevity pill.

• 8:56Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 8:56Speaker 01

  Metformin's great because it's, as far as we know, pretty safe. It's been taken by probably a hundred million people around the world. It's on the list of the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines for humanity. So it's, it's, it's pretty good. You're not, you're not gonna die from it. It's very rare. Consult a doctor as you did. But I was surprised that your doctor put you on Metformin, even though you didn't have diabetes. That's very rare.

• 9:20Ed Mylett?

  The reason was, and I should, I won't say her name, but I think she's sort of at the cutting edge of this. And she really does believe that one of the greatest risks to my health or anybody's health is developing type two diabetes.

• 9:32Speaker 01

  Great. So your doctor knows a lot more than most doctors.

• 9:34Ed Mylett?

  Correct. Most cardiologists, it's Lipitor and Crestor and, you know, don't eat a steak.

• 9:39Speaker 01

  Exactly. And, and their view, and I train a lot of doctors and work with them. But their view is unless you pass the threshold of a disease, we won't treat it. But Metformin will prevent diabetes as well and get your glucose levels. And actually, the best predictor of longevity right now, besides this clock, is your blood glucose levels. You wanna keep them down.

• 9:59Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 9:59Speaker 01

  You do not wanna go up. And I was going up and up and up. So I started taking Metformin a couple of years ago.

• 10:04Ed Mylett?

  You do.

• 10:05Speaker 01

  And my, ostensibly my biological age, based on different tests, not the clock, but the other tests, went from fifty-eight down to thirty-one point four.

• 10:12Ed Mylett?

  It's incredible. And you look thirty-one point four and I look fifty-eight. So I wanna, I need to get back on Metformin.

• 10:17Speaker 01

  I was joking with Ed that I needed to wear this padded suit so that I don't look such a wimp.

• 10:23Ed Mylett?

  Oh, I think you look great.

• 10:24Speaker 01

  You're looking great.

• 10:25Ed Mylett?

  Thank you.

• 10:25Speaker 01

  But let's get back to the muscles. So this is called hypertrophy, muscular hypertrophy, which is great. I would love to look like you and I just don't have the time to do it. But, but it's, it's great. Plus you, you will be much stronger when you're older, which is key to, to living longer.

• 10:39Ed Mylett?

  Bone density, things of that sort.

• 10:41Speaker 01

  All of that's great. And actually, one of the, the things we like to say in my field is, the best way to live a long life is to hang on to the handrail, which basically means don't slip and break your, your femur.

• 10:50Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 10:51Speaker 01

  Or you're done for, like my grandmother.

• 10:52Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 10:53Speaker 01

  But let's get into something really important. A lot of people aren't sure about Metformin because it, there were two studies just this year that showed that it slows muscle hypertrophy.

• 11:02Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 11:04Speaker 01

  But here's the good news.

• 11:05Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 11:05Speaker 01

  And I, I know the world's experts in this and I've talked to the authors of the paper. So here's the scoop.

• 11:10Ed Mylett?

  All right.

• 11:10Speaker 01

  First time.

• 11:11Ed Mylett?

  Awesome.

• 11:11Speaker 01

  Right? You're getting this the first time.

• 11:12Ed Mylett?

  This is awesome.

• 11:14Speaker 01

  What they found, and this is also work that's not yet out, so let me give you the scoop.

• 11:18Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 11:19Speaker 01

  The patients that got metformin and those that didn't, they all got bigger muscles and they all got stronger. Okay. One group got slightly bigger muscles, that was the group on placebo, and those on metformin didn't get so big. But when they did the strength test, they were equal.

• 11:35Ed Mylett?

  Wow.

• 11:36Speaker 01

  So they're all strong.

• 11:37Ed Mylett?

  Wow.

• 11:37Speaker 01

  They may not look as good.

• 11:39Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 11:39Speaker 01

  So I think it's a vanity versus longevity decision.

• 11:42Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 11:42Speaker 01

  But I think there's a way around this as well. Now, we're on the cutting edge, so we don't know for sure, but what I do is when I work out, I stop taking metformin, let my body recover for a couple of days, and then I go back on it.

• 11:54Ed Mylett?

  Ah.

• 11:54Speaker 01

  And, you know, Peter Attia, the good doctor who studies this, we both agree that you don't want to be taking the same medicine every day necessarily, just as you don't want to work out every day, you need to give your body a rest.

• 12:06Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 12:06Speaker 01

  So, you know, we cycle.

• 12:08Ed Mylett?

  So in between workouts, you might, if someone works out, let's say Monday, Wednesday, Friday, you might suggest that the workout days specifically, they not take something like metformin on those days.

• 12:16Speaker 01

  Well, that's what I do.

• 12:17Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 12:18Speaker 01

  That's based on everything we know in the world right now.

• 12:20Ed Mylett?

  Okay. And then, by the way, thank you for that. You guys, first off, I'm so grateful that you exist. Because, no, I, we're talking about this off-camera too, that this whole field that you're in is moving so quickly and you're at the cutting edge of it. And I think every person listening to this, regardless of they want to live healthier, they also want to live longer, but as they live longer, they want to be able to, they want to, I've already looked at it differently, I look different, I love my dad, but I look different at 48 than my dad did at 48. You know what I'm saying? I think athletically, physically, my strength level, and I think what's possible with somebody like you, like right now, if someone did all the things that are in your book, if they put the right formula together, not only do you think they cannot be aging, but what's the window of time they might be able to reverse their aging by?

• 13:05Ed Mylett?

  I know that's by person, by person, but in general, how many years can someone reel off their life, or add to their life, rather?

• 13:12Speaker 01

  Right. Well, so someone like me doesn't typically exist because they're scared of what my colleagues, our colleagues, will say. And it's pretty rough for a scientist to be out there talking about things that are really on the cutting edge and projecting into the future.

• 13:22Ed Mylett?

  And to some extent speculative still, correct?

• 13:24Speaker 01

  Right.

• 13:25Ed Mylett?

  Right. Based on evidence, but speculative.

• 13:27Speaker 01

  But how selfish is it for me and my family

• 13:29Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 13:30Speaker 01

  to reap the benefits? We're all scientists in my family, we're on similar programs. How selfish is that for me to keep that bottled up? I want to tell the world what I'm learning.

• 13:38Ed Mylett?

  It's wonderful.

• 13:39Speaker 01

  And we're in a world where now everybody can learn as fast as I'm learning and what I'm doing. And that's, I feel an obligation to do that. But what about, talking about the Metformin, the story?

• 13:51Ed Mylett?

  Couple, two and a half years it says it takes off, or adds to, so if you're...

• 13:55Speaker 01

  It can.

• 13:56Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 13:56Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 13:56Ed Mylett?

  Theoretically, if you're 50, you're now 47 and a half if you're on the normal dose of Metformin, is what they're saying. But we don't really know, we don't know what it's going to do to diminish your ability to get type 2 diabetes, what that could do, heart disease, all the inflammation in your body because of these glucose spikes, correct?

• 14:12Speaker 01

  Well, so here's the most important take home message is that only 20% of your longevity and how you'll feel when you're 70 and 80 and 90 is genetic.

• 14:20Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 14:21Speaker 01

  The rest is in your hands.

• 14:22Ed Mylett?

  Wow.

• 14:23Speaker 01

  Isn't that, that's liberating.

• 14:24Ed Mylett?

  Yes.

• 14:25Speaker 01

  I mean, you can sit on the couch, you can eat potato chips, you can not exercise, you can eat whatever you want. But you're minimizing your potential.

• 14:33Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 14:33Speaker 01

  And what we all have in our bodies, what we co-discovered in my lab is that there are genes that control how long we live. We work on these pathways. And what we've discovered is, they don't just exist, they respond to how we live. And what we want to do is trick our bodies into thinking there's adversity. Biological stress, not emotional stress, but biological stress.

• 14:53Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 14:54Speaker 01

  So now we understand, why does exercise make us healthier and live longer? Why does being hungry make us live longer? Why do all these things, eating good foods? It's because they're turning on these body defenses, these longevity genes that we work on. And that's the revelation. They're in all of us, but we, they become complacent unless we trick our bodies into getting this feeling of adversity.

• 15:16Ed Mylett?

  Adversity.

• 15:16Speaker 01

  So it's, we call this hormesis.

• 15:18Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 15:18Speaker 01

  Hormesis is what doesn't kill you makes you live longer. And that's the reason you should be running and getting out of breath. That's the reason you should be eating plants that are being stressed themselves. You get the benefits of those molecules that they make for their own benefit.

• 15:30Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 15:31Speaker 01

  We call that xenohormesis. Terrible, terrible word, but anyway, it's good to eat stressed plants. Like, that's why I read, red wine's good for you, we believe, it's full of those molecules.

• 15:40Ed Mylett?

  Thank God, thank God.

• 15:42Speaker 01

  Yeah, so resveratrol, you'll remember, we...

• 15:44Ed Mylett?

  Yes. Where are you? So let's go there, you're famous for that. And...

• 15:50Ed Mylett?

  I got the feeling lately, maybe you're not as married to it as you once were, or am I incorrect about that? And then, for those of you that are taking Resveratrol, is it also not true that if you're not doing something that can make it bind to something, so that it can be absorbed by your body? Do you mind talking about that for a second? Because people just kind of willy-nilly take these pills, I think, to some extent, and think they're doing something. So A, do you still feel as strong about it as you did at one time? And B, could you tell us how to properly ingest it?

• 16:19Speaker 01

  Sure.

• 16:20Ed Mylett?

  Thank you.

• 16:20Speaker 01

  All right. So I also dodged the question, not intentionally, of how far can we slow and reverse aging?

• 16:26Ed Mylett?

  You did, I'm sorry. You're right. I let you dodge that.

• 16:28Speaker 01

  Well, I try.

• 16:29Ed Mylett?

  Because I'm so fascinated.

• 16:30Speaker 01

  I worry, because people say, "Oh, how can you say that?"

• 16:32Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 16:33Speaker 01

  Right, so this is my best guess, is that you can alter your lifespan at least a decade, by how you live your life, maybe more. And my father is an example of someone who took life by the horns, changed his life. He's super fit, he's now 80, he's living life like he was 30 still, he's got no diseases.

• 16:48Ed Mylett?

  Is that right?

• 16:49Speaker 01

  He just put his name on a waitlist for his dream car. I'm thinking, a waitlist? You're optimistic!

• 16:54Ed Mylett?

  That is awesome!

• 16:55Speaker 01

  He started a new career. Really, this is the future for all of us, if we look after our bodies and do what we think is the right thing.

• 17:01Ed Mylett?

  Love it.

• 17:02Speaker 01

  Right. So I think that 10 years is at least...

• 17:05Ed Mylett?

  10 years is at least, based on current science, something you could be doing.

• 17:09Speaker 01

  Right. And actually, every four years longer we live, we gain another year, just because the trajectory of the science, how it's going.

• 17:17Ed Mylett?

  And we're going to talk about CRISPR a little bit later, where we might be able to interrupt heart disease and some other things here going forward, that'll just, that'll extend life, my god, it could be three decades. But go ahead, go on Resveratrol if you would.

• 17:29Speaker 01

  So Resveratrol is this molecule in red wine that is thought to protect the French from high-fat foods. And we discovered that it activates an enzyme in the body called Sirt1, one of these sirtuin-protective enzymes that's activated by hunger and exercise.

• 17:43Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 17:43Speaker 01

  So Resveratrol, we discovered, as the first molecule that could mimic... A calorically restricted diet and exercise. This wasn't an excuse to just sit on the couch and eat pop a pill. Because we actually found that if you take, if mice took resveratrol and exercised and ate a healthy diet, they lived the longest. Okay. So it's a combination, but you want to keep these enzymes active. Because as we get older, these defensive enzymes like Sirtuone, they go down in their activity. Okay. So there are two ways to keep Sirtuone super active. Besides living the healthy lifestyle that many of us know about and is in my book, page 302, 303. Unbelievable. Jump to the, because some people, they want, they just want the facts. Right, right. Just want the list. Right.

• 18:28Speaker 01

  But resveratrol is a remarkable molecule because plants make it to survive. Because plants have Sirtuone longevity enzymes as well. Okay. But when we ingest that, we get the benefits. Okay. So you said I was not as hot on that. Yeah. What happened was. Yeah, okay, I was right. What happened was, all of us who've been blessed to be successful in what we do, have gone through really hard times. And I had my moment, the worst time of my life, in 2010. So I'd spent the last. Do you mind saying what it was? Yeah, sure. So I had discovered resveratrol activates anti-aging pathways. We'd shown that it extended lifespan in everything from a yeast cell to a worm to a fly to a mouse,

• 19:11Speaker 01

  protected them against a Western diet, and even extended their lifespan when we gave it to them every other day. Okay. That was great. We developed drugs that were showing efficacy, working in humans to treat the disease called psoriasis. Yes. Which is inflammation on the skin. Everything was looking like we were going to be the first people to make a drug that treats aging on the market. And then a couple of companies, for reasons that we can only speculate, came out with their science and said, it's all wrong. Everything David said is wrong. I remember that. It blew up. Yep, I remember that. It trashed the trials. And I was the pariah of the scientific world. And it was tough. I spent a week in bed. I couldn't get out of bed. It was real depression.

• 19:55Speaker 01

  And I was really angry with the world, I'll admit, because here I am trying to do my best. Right. I'm putting my life aside, I'm putting my family aside to help the world, like you do. Yes. Well, maybe not your family, but you know, we want to help the world. I know exactly what you mean. And it was, and then everyone said, haha, you're wrong, screw you. And it was tough. But, you know, you. My passion is to leave the world a better place.

• 20:17Ed Mylett?

  Yeah, this is your calling.

• 20:18Speaker 01

  So I couldn't stay in bed. You know, that, that to me is worse than death is just sitting there.

• 20:23Ed Mylett?

  Hope everybody just heard that.

• 20:24Speaker 01

  Yeah, it really is. You've got to have, my mission is to, to change the world in this way. So got out of bed and spent the next three years testing whether what these companies were saying, and I'll say who they were, Pfizer and Amgen both, didn't, didn't agree with us. But what it did, and the, the silver lining was it forced us to do even better science and go back and test our hypothesis very, very rigorously. And we put out a paper in the journal Science, which is the best in the US, best in the world probably, showing that we were right, that resveratrol really was activating this enzyme and wasn't what the naysayers were saying. But you know what? In the media, there were crickets. No one cares about the comeback.

• 21:05Ed Mylett?

  Right, that's right.

• 21:06Speaker 01

  They just cared about the form.

• 21:07Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 21:08Speaker 01

  Uh, so what we've done over the last, what is it now, seven years? Is we've been testing this even more rigorously.

• 21:14Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 21:15Speaker 01

  I'll tell you what we've done.

• 21:17Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 21:17Speaker 01

  We've created a mouse, we can genetically create mouse with very specific changes.

• 21:23Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 21:23Speaker 01

  We changed the mouse by changing one amino acid, one part of this protein. So you don't mind if I get a little bit technical here?

• 21:31Ed Mylett?

  Do it.

• 21:32Speaker 01

  All right.

• 21:32Ed Mylett?

  Please.

• 21:33Speaker 01

  So the enzymes are basically machines that change other proteins.

• 21:37Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 21:38Speaker 01

  And Cert 1, it, it's the traffic cop. It tells the body to, to fight diseases, fight aging.

• 21:43Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 21:43Speaker 01

  But to do that, it has to move. It has to change things. And what it does is it, it has this active enzyme activity in the middle of, that's its chest. But this arm is the activator. This is the gas, uh, sorry, the, the accelerator pedal.

• 21:58Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 21:58Speaker 01

  So the accelerator pedal is pushed by resveratrol. Resveratrol come in.

• 22:03Ed Mylett?

  I get it.

• 22:03Speaker 01

  Stick here.

• 22:04Ed Mylett?

  Yep.

• 22:04Speaker 01

  Push the accelerator, and now the Cert 1 enzyme is fighting against disease.

• 22:08Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 22:08Speaker 01

  Now, we figured out that You can block this step by changing one little thing. Give it tennis elbow, can't bend the elbow. Now resveratrol cannot work anymore.

• 22:19Ed Mylett?

  Got it.

• 22:19Speaker 01

  So we made a mouse that was unable to bend this arm and activate. So the accelerator pedal, we took it out of the system. The mouse is otherwise normal. Doesn't have the accelerator pedal though. So if we're wrong and we give resveratrol to these mice, they won't live longer on a high-fat diet, western diet. If we're right, resveratrol won't work at all.

• 22:40Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 22:41Speaker 01

  And we got the second result, hundred percent. And that's as close to proof that we were right in the first place. So what I'm hoping is that'll reinvigorate the field and we'll get those drugs back into those clinical trials.

• 22:52Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 22:53Speaker 01

  But I haven't been sitting on my hands. I've been working on other molecules that seem to have a lot of promise. And maybe even better than the original discovery.

• 23:00Ed Mylett?

  Such as?

• 23:01Speaker 01

  Well, we call them NAD boosters.

• 23:03Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 23:03Speaker 01

  Or NAD, some people call them NADs. So there are two ways to activate these protective enzymes. One is the accelerator pedal.

• 23:09Ed Mylett?

  Yep.

• 23:09Speaker 01

  The other is the gas that comes in through here. And without either of those, you don't have hyperactive system.

• 23:16Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 23:16Speaker 01

  And as we get older, we lose this NAD.

• 23:19Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 23:20Speaker 01

  So it's estimated that by the time you're my age, fifty, and you're getting close.

• 23:23Ed Mylett?

  All right, I'm right there.

• 23:24Speaker 01

  You have about half the levels you did of NAD when you were young, when you were twenty.

• 23:27Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 23:28Speaker 01

  So of course, your defenses against aging are going to be about half the levels that they were. So there are some ways to keep your NAD levels relatively high.

• 23:36Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 23:36Speaker 01

  One is to exercise, lose your breath, work out.

• 23:39Ed Mylett?

  Lose your breath. You said that a couple of times.

• 23:41Speaker 01

  You want to lose your breath.

• 23:42Ed Mylett?

  So not walking cardio, lose your breath cardio.

• 23:45Speaker 01

  Yeah, that's the best way, at least based on the animal studies we've done and some human studies.

• 23:48Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 23:49Speaker 01

  And then the second is you want to be hungry, at least part of the day. And that'll raise the levels of.

• 23:55Ed Mylett?

  What do you mean by that? Like, so do you believe in intermittent fasting or do you?

• 23:58Speaker 01

  I do.

• 23:58Ed Mylett?

  You do?

• 23:59Speaker 01

  I do. We used to restrict calories the whole day.

• 24:01Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 24:01Speaker 01

  In these, what we call calorie restriction. And that was the paradigm for about seventy years, actually.

• 24:07Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 24:08Speaker 01

  And then in the last ten years, we've realized, hey, you don't need to always be hungry.

• 24:11Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 24:11Speaker 01

  You can actually eat a decent meal or two.

• 24:13Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 24:14Speaker 01

  But don't eat three meals a day, don't always snack.

• 24:16Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 24:17Speaker 01

  Because being hungry is what turns on these protective enzymes. And so I've now shifted my life to eating small meals. I now, what I do is I skip breakfast as best I can.

• 24:27Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 24:28Speaker 01

  Eat a very late lunch or even forget to eat lunch and then eat a normal dinner.

• 24:31Ed Mylett?

  This is more and more. So that Dr. Ian Smith, I told you was on my show. His book was about intermittent fasting, but that, but the aging benefit was never discussed. We discussed the health benefit, although I'm sure Ian's aware of it. It's not something that we discuss. Just put a loop on resveratrol. What about the way you take it? Is it important? I was reading that you thought something about taking it with either like a yogurt or a milk or something it can bind to and why does that matter?

• 24:53Speaker 01

  Well, so there are clinical trials over the last 10 years based on our research and some have failed and some succeeded.

• 24:59Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 25:00Speaker 01

  And the main reason that they failed, in my view, is that doctors who don't understand resveratrol have just given the pill with water. And resveratrol is the equivalent of brick dust. It's like eating sand, right? We're here on the beach.

• 25:12Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 25:13Speaker 01

  If you eat sand, you're not going to absorb it.

• 25:15Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 25:15Speaker 01

  But if you crush up the sand and mix it with things, you might absorb a little bit.

• 25:18Ed Mylett?

  Alright.

• 25:19Speaker 01

  That's what we do with resveratrol. And what I do personally is I have this amazing yogurt that I make myself.

• 25:24Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 25:25Speaker 01

  And I mix it with that and it's all beautifully. And I have a couple of spoons of that.

• 25:29Ed Mylett?

  So if I take, if I'm taking a pill, could I take it with a yogurt? Is that what you're suggesting?

• 25:33Speaker 01

  That would work in your stomach.

• 25:34Ed Mylett?

  Okay, okay.

• 25:34Speaker 01

  I have powder in my basement, so I just spoon it in.

• 25:36Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 25:37Speaker 01

  I take about half a gram to a gram.

• 25:39Ed Mylett?

  Okay, awesome.

• 25:40Speaker 01

  But yeah, you've got to do that. And so the recent studies that have actually included resveratrol with a meal have succeeded in lowering blood sugar.

• 25:48Ed Mylett?

  Got it.

• 25:48Speaker 01

  And there are actually now, I was just at a meeting in Washington DC where they have beautiful clinical data showing that it works like metformin to reduce blood sugar as well.

• 25:57Ed Mylett?

  So this blood sugar concept, because that's my cardio, which is a big thing too. This is just going to be huge throughout everything that we're learning about the body and keeping it stable and not aging and also not doing, not even turning on certain, can inflammation of the body speed up turning on a genetic code that's already in there?

• 26:11Speaker 01

  Absolutely. Yeah, yeah. That's a really good, good point. The inflammation is, is a problem because if you have inflammation... It'll also shut down these defenses against aging. And that'll lead to more inflammation and just accelerate aging. You know, we know that we get to about 40 and we're still pretty good. We get to 50 and we're starting to feel a little different, looking different.

• 26:30Ed Mylett?

  That's absolutely true.

• 26:31Speaker 01

  And then you fall off a cliff.

• 26:32Ed Mylett?

  Yes.

• 26:32Speaker 01

  That's this positive feedback of inflammation, shutting down longevity genes and vice versa.

• 26:38Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 26:38Speaker 01

  And it just, it's once in a while.

• 26:39Ed Mylett?

  I have found that those things, and we're gonna talk about them later, like my vision, other signs of aging, really started to accelerate in my mid to late 40s, approaching 50. I mean, massive difference. So, I didn't mean to interrupt you there, but it's certainly something I've seen evidentiary, like my own experience as a human. I feel myself aging now at this point.

• 26:58Speaker 01

  Yeah, so there are things you can do to slow that down.

• 27:00Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 27:00Speaker 01

  And things that we're doing that slow and reverse aspects, and then technology that can reverse all aspects.

• 27:07Ed Mylett?

  This episode is sponsored by Ro. A lot of people assume GLP-1's cost a fortune, and that assumption keeps them from even looking into treatment. Ro helps people find a more affordable path to FDA-approved GLP-1 treatment. Ro wants to help people lose weight. That's why they have more affordable GLP-1 options, whether you're paying with insurance or cash. Ro's free insurance checker makes it easy to see if you're covered for GLP-1 injections. Just submit your insurance card and Ro handles the rest. No paperwork, no waiting on hold, no confusing phone calls. And if insurance doesn't cover treatment, there are still options. Ro offers the lowest-cost, cash-pay FDA-approved GLP-1s, such as daily pills and multi-dose pens. I use products by Ro, and you should too.

• 27:50Ed Mylett?

  Go to ro.co/mylet to see if you qualify. That's R-O dot C-O slash my let to get started on Ro. For side effects of GLP-1 medications, including boxed warning, go to ro.co forward slash safety. R-O dot C-O slash safety. So when I ended up buying the island, we had to do all of our outdoor decorating, and I spent a fortune in the first half of the place. And I'm like, I don't want to do this anymore, but I want the best stuff. And that's where Wayfair came in. My wife wanted to get this new garden bed, and Wayfair was the place that offered the perfect solution. Wayfair also helps you create a home that stands up to real life with quality products, great value, and trusted reviews. Products are hand vetted by product specialists. They use a 10 point quality inspection system. Here's all I can tell you. The stuff has lasted over time. It looks great and I get

• 28:35Ed Mylett?

  compliments on it. Shop thousands of products across every style and budget, whether you're trying to refresh your space for fall or transform your space for Halloween. Use filters, custom photos and reviews to find the right fit for your home. More than 20 million verified five star reviews, 20 million. So transform your space with the pieces that hold up to real life. Join Wayfair Rewards today and get 5% back on every purchase. Head to wayfair.com or shop the Wayfair app for all things home. That's W A Y F A I R dot com.

• 29:11Ed Mylett?

  Very short intermission here, folks. I'm glad you're enjoying the show so far. Don't forget to follow the show on Apple and Spotify. Links are in the show notes. Now on to our next guest. I have one of the smartest men in the world here in the studio with me here today, and he is, I think, the foremost expert on slowing down the aging process on the planet Earth today. And one of my favorite guests I've ever had on, he's also the author of the book Lifespan and a bunch of other great stuff we're going to talk about today. Dr. David Sinclair, welcome back, brother.

• 29:39Speaker 01

  Ed, thanks for having me back on. It's good to see you.

• 29:41Ed Mylett?

  We talked about this the last time you were here, but you know, telomeres has been sort of one of the newer age or was ways of measuring aging. And you sort of told me, nah, that's not it. How do we, you said my, my real age is younger than, or your, your actual age is younger than your real age. How are you measuring that? How is one measuring age now?

• 30:03Speaker 01

  Well, a couple of ways. I've been working with a company and in disclosure, I was, I am an advisor to them, inside tracker. They came out of MIT, saw them about 12 years ago, joined their board. I'm not on there anymore, but have nurtured this company because I really believe in it. What they do is it's a blood test. You can have it done at your local lab core or Quest, or even have someone come to your kitchen, which is what I do. And I do it every three to six months. And it's a dashboard on my body. And then those 40 measurements of things that I mentioned, like HBA1C, there's other things like CRP for inflammation. Of course, blood glucose levels, there's testosterone, vitamin levels. It's a compendium. That put into an algorithm

• 30:46Speaker 01

  that's based on how these things change over time with age for your sex and. Um, I guess your, your, uh, your race and other things. And then it's back calculated to say, all right, compared to other humans on the planet, are you older or younger than them?

• 30:58Ed Mylett?

  Hmm.

• 30:59Speaker 01

  The average male. So I can plot, I have plotted myself for all of these parameters individually and as a compendium, as a, as an algorithm for one score called the inner age two point O score. Where do I sit compared to other fifty two year olds? That are white Caucasian.

• 31:13Ed Mylett?

  So young, yeah.

• 31:15Speaker 01

  Uh, and I'm, I'm in the, the top, you know, I'm not, I'm, I'm better in terms of that number of, uh, than ninety eight percent of people my age. And that two percent bothers me. I'm very competitive and I'm working to get it higher. I want to be, I think there's one or two people out of thousands that they're, they're better than me. But, um, I did go off a statin just to check because I was, I was losing my memory.

• 31:36Ed Mylett?

  But yeah.

• 31:37Speaker 01

  With, I, I am on a statin now.

• 31:39Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 31:40Speaker 01

  But I went off it and my cholesterol spiked, so.

• 31:42Ed Mylett?

  Your cholesterol did spike.

• 31:43Speaker 01

  It did. I mean, I need a statin. It's in my genes. Uh, my father, my grandmother have had.

• 31:47Ed Mylett?

  I'm on one as well.

• 31:48Speaker 01

  Oh, you are?

• 31:49Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 31:49Speaker 01

  Yeah. I mean, I wouldn't say if you, if you don't have any problems and you can't, if you can get it down with diet, do that because there are effects on the brain.

• 31:56Ed Mylett?

  And one of them is memory.

• 31:58Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 31:58Ed Mylett?

  Yeah. One of the other things too is that your cholesterol can get too low. Your LDL can get too low and that's not healthy for your brain either. Correct?

• 32:05Speaker 01

  That's really true.

• 32:05Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 32:06Speaker 01

  And so, yeah, I'm, I'm just saying why, why it's a two percent, I'm in the top two percent, not one percent.

• 32:10Ed Mylett?

  Right, right.

• 32:10Speaker 01

  Uh, but anyway, that people are going to think I'm a little bit, uh, too competitive, but.

• 32:14Ed Mylett?

  Not at all.

• 32:15Speaker 01

  Um, I, I have plotted my, my blood biochemistry over the years against the average human and, and optimized each one. And it takes, it's an experiment. It's long term. You can't just do it overnight. But I think that's what modern medicine should be, is that we're constantly monitoring ourselves, not going to the doctor once a year for a checkup where they say, how do you feel? You sleeping? You feel like, okay, go home. That's not medicine.

• 32:35Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 32:36Speaker 01

  That's therapy.

• 32:37Ed Mylett?

  Yep.

• 32:38Speaker 01

  Now, medicine is, and the future of medicine, and for some people who, you know, want to invest in this on and put in their time and money, you can get devices to read your body continuously. We've talked about continuous glucose monitors in our arm, but there are rings. I've got this.

• 32:53Ed Mylett?

  I've got the ring too. I'm just not wearing it today. I've got the water ring.

• 32:55Speaker 01

  Yeah. Um, there are even, there's a bio button. Um, I brought one today in case this came up. I'm, I'm holding up a little gray, squareish device that is maybe what a quarter of an inch thick that I stick on my chest usually and it measures my heart, my vibrations, my movement. And this thing can tell you if I'm, if you're gonna have a heart attack next week, kind of important, but other things, it can even tell you if you're, if you have a cold or a flu, or whether you need antibiotics or not. And this is the future. I, I raise this actually as an example of, of the way medicine should be, which is you are monitored not once a year, but a thousand times a second. And when that's gonna be ubiquitous, then the old way of doing medicine's gonna seem medieval.

• 33:37Ed Mylett?

  It's so true. And you know, guys, I'm fortunate enough that I have that as well. And it's things like, you know, why do you want things monitored? Because the truth is, most cancers caught early are very treatable. It's catching them late that's a problem. Heart disease caught early is treatable, like we've talked about with, with, you know, statins or anything like that. And I'm not making any medical recommendations, nor am I a doctor, nor am I even close to that. And that's why I want to ask you some medical stuff now, because I know that you don't feel good about a couple of the things that I do. And I want to ask you about why. So let's talk about things that we can do. So you talked a minute ago about hormone levels. And so I have been on, and I know what you're gonna say, but I want you to explain your point of view on this to the audience. Full transparency, the audience knows this. I've been on testosterone, some form of testosterone

• 34:22Ed Mylett?

  replacement therapy.

• 34:25Ed Mylett?

  My gosh, it's gotta be 10 or 15 years. And I know that that testosterone, at least in my case negatively, we're getting real detailed here, but it can negatively impact HDL, for example. It can suppress HDL, which mine is already genetically pretty low. So there's a danger, HDL being your good cholesterol. I know that that's a negative to me taking the testosterone. Having said that, I watch friends of mine that I know that are in their seventies that have been males that have been on testosterone therapy for say 20 years. And I compare that visually to somebody like my father who passed away last year. And visually, externally, these guys that were on testosterone look 20 years younger than my dad did. And so this, I'm not arguing with you, but I want to understand it. That's why the first

• 35:07Ed Mylett?

  thing I asked you today is, if you visually look younger, are you likely to be internally younger? Because visually, if you take somebody like A very well-known actor that most people know has been open about taking testosterone, who's a friend of mine, makes a lot of like boxing movies and stuff, right? And so you compare him to my father, who is about the same age, and visually, they really looked like different species almost at that age. So what are your thoughts about hormone replacement? And if you're not for it, which I think you probably aren't, specifically why?

• 35:41Speaker 01

  Well, I'm all for keeping your hormones at young levels.

• 35:46Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 35:46Speaker 01

  I'm all about keeping the body the way it was when it was 20. And however you can do that, and it's safe, do that.

• 35:53Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 35:54Speaker 01

  So I'm on board with hormone replacement therapy for women and men, if needed.

• 35:59Ed Mylett?

  Okay. But you think maybe not needed? I'm interrupting you.

• 36:02Speaker 01

  Well, that's the point, that I have tried my best to find ways in myself to.

• 36:10Ed Mylett?

  So you're 52, you're in that 300 to 700 range of testosterone in your body, you're saying right now, your hormone levels are that normal in your 50s without any?

• 36:18Speaker 01

  I'm actually naturally higher than an average 20-year-old. But naturally, meaning I've worked at it. I've changed things in my diet. I've done things and it's gone.

• 36:29Ed Mylett?

  What are some of those things?

• 36:30Speaker 01

  Well, exercise helped building up. I'm not as bulky as you, that's for sure, but from my basal state, which was pretty puny, to having some muscle, my quads mainly, big muscles, back muscles as well, doing deadlifts, this kind of stuff. So that helped a lot. Got it up to, was hovering around 500.

• 36:50Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 36:51Speaker 01

  It's gone close to double that over the last couple of years with changes to my diet, changes with supplements. But I don't actually, I can't tell you scientifically which one of those has contributed, but it's steadily gone up, which is good. If it had plummeted, I would have stopped taking X, whatever it was.

• 37:11Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 37:14Speaker 01

  But it's I'm happy with these numbers. So it's just under or near a thousand now.

• 37:19Ed Mylett?

  My, that's amazing.

• 37:21Speaker 01

  Uh, it's it's shock shocking, actually, because I haven't done anything obvious. You know, you read in online what boosts testosterone. I'm not doing a lot of that stuff. Um, so I guess I'm lucky that way.

• 37:32Ed Mylett?

  So that was one of the genetic good hands you were dealt compared to some of the other stuff that wasn't so favorable. That's because that's unbelievably high for fifty two years old.

• 37:40Speaker 01

  Yeah. Well, so, you know, I want to be helpful practically. Uh, so some of the things that I do are so this fasting has helped. I think that when I started, well, I don't call it fasting, eating once a day, one meal a day.

• 37:53Ed Mylett?

  I got you calling it fasting now.

• 37:54Speaker 01

  Yeah, that's okay. People know what it what that is. Um, O M A T A D is the other way to do it. Uh, to call it one meal a day. But that seemed to help. And so also become giving up a lot of fat and a lot of meat. Now, that's not going to sound good to everybody. I know.

• 38:13Ed Mylett?

  I would love them to know.

• 38:15Speaker 01

  Yeah, but I think that that's helped. And I did lose weight. Uh, and that may have contributed to, right, I mentioned how much weight I've lost. Um, but here's the thing, I don't think it's a bad thing to supplement at all. I'm not against it. I think what you're doing is perfectly acceptable.

• 38:29Ed Mylett?

  But I'd heard you say something about burning the candle at both ends. What did you mean by that?

• 38:33Speaker 01

  Yeah. So it's it's an abundant signal. Testosterone is, okay, yeah, times are good. Build muscle.

• 38:41Speaker 01

  But then I have to look at the clinical data.

• 38:43Ed Mylett?

  Mm hmm.

• 38:44Speaker 01

  Um, and while it won't extend your lifespan, and that's really clear, there've been probably fifty million dollars worth of clinical trials saying that testosterone won't make you live longer.

• 38:54Ed Mylett?

  Mm hmm.

• 38:54Speaker 01

  Um, it will help you have more muscle, which will prevent you falling over and breaking your bones, which is a problem for most elderly. So that's good. Um, but there's also not a lot of downside. There's very little, if if any, that I've seen. There's not more cancer.

• 39:08Ed Mylett?

  There isn't. Okay.

• 39:09Speaker 01

  No, so. Put it this way, it's not going to hurt you. If you feel better and you're stronger and you look better, you know, by all means. And this is why doctors prescribe it. Otherwise, you know, there'd be a warning. But is it, is it going to make you live longer? Doesn't look like it unfortunately.

• 39:26Ed Mylett?

  One of the challenges I think with it is that, you know, for most people, if some is good, a whole bunch is better. And what I find with people that start to take hormones is you need to be, I think it can become a formative an addiction. And that you're like, well, I'm at 800, I look like this, let me get this thing to 1500 and see what I really look like. And then there are some unhealthy things, your hemoglobin levels, things like that, that you've mentioned already. There are things that can get out of whack that if you're not, you know, you're really careful with it. So that's some of the stuff, I just wanted to ask you that because it's, it's been very common for women to become on, you know, some form of hormone replacement too. And I've just, in my own case, I'm at, my last labs, I was only at 400 with supplementation. And one of the negatives, I think certainly for me, is that my own body has probably made a decision

• 40:09Ed Mylett?

  that it doesn't need to work out it anymore or produce it because I've got this exogenous stuff I keep shoving in my body. So I do know that once I've made that commitment, I'm sort of committed for life. So there are some, I'm not proponent or of it necessarily. I wouldn't, I certainly wouldn't recommend starting it until you need to, until those levels are lower. And here I am telling you what I propose, which is a really fascinating part of the interview.

• 40:32Ed Mylett?

  So we've got that. How about any of the peptides? So I'm curious about growth hormone, yay or nay?

• 40:40Speaker 01

  Nay.

• 40:40Ed Mylett?

  Nay, why?

• 40:42Speaker 01

  Well, because there's a lot of evidence, both human and mouse, that when you have low amounts of growth hormone, you live longer. And while, again, it's this abundance versus adversity, you'll, you'll feel better with growth hormone. You'll heal better. But long-term, all the evidence points to the opposite, that having low levels of these growth signals is better. Or you.

• 41:05Ed Mylett?

  Tumor wise as well, this mtor pathway thing, part of the other part of it is its impact on tumors, right? Is there some relationship between those two things with tumors? And does growth hormone impact the size of a tumor? Is it telling everything in your body to grow? For example, potentially?

• 41:20Speaker 01

  I mean, potentially, but fortunately, there's, there's not a lot of evidence that growth hormone does cause cancer.

• 41:27Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 41:28Speaker 01

  So I would say that.

• 41:30Ed Mylett?

  But could it cause a cancer in your body to grow potentially?

• 41:33Speaker 01

  Well, if you've got one.

• 41:34Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 41:34Speaker 01

  Yeah, I mean, that's part of the downside of all of these treatments is that it's, it's all fine until you get a tumor and then, and then you could actually help the tumor.

• 41:43Ed Mylett?

  Do you feel that way about testosterone? Or are you saying that about growth hormone or both?

• 41:46Speaker 01

  Uh, growth hormone more testosterone, I think that it's fine.

• 41:49Ed Mylett?

  Okay. I know this is stuff you don't normally get asked. That's why I wanted to go there.

• 41:53Speaker 01

  Uh, sure. And then the other thing that I take that I think keeps my, I think, at least, let's say the evidence points to, I have to speak like a Harvard professor sometimes, is that by, by activating these other enzymes that are the second component out of those three, the sirtuins I work on, you can activate those by doing the kind of things I do in my life, but I can also take a supplement, uh, which raises N A D, capital N A D. And there are people are taking IVs of N A D supplements. It's a big thing. It was discovered in my lab. In part, uh, what about 2002?

• 42:32Ed Mylett?

  Hmm.

• 42:33Speaker 01

  When I was a kid, uh, but it's now a big thing. And the reason that N A D is popular is that it activates the sirtuins and we have seven of those in the body. We talked about this last time. The seven sirtuins are the protectors of the body. There are three of them that protect the DNA and the clock slows down, uh, we think. And then some of them are in mitochondria. There's three there. And then there's one that floats around in between in the, in the water that's in between all of that. And that's number two. Um, now SRT2 controls hormone production. And if you give it to cells, they'll make more androgens. And one possibility is the reason my testosterone is doing pretty well is I've got super high N A D levels

• 43:14Speaker 01

  because I've been supplementing for about seven years now with N M N, which is a precursor to N A D.

• 43:20Ed Mylett?

  Say there. Okay. I want to go there. So that was the next thing on my list was N A D. So. Of the people that I know that look freakishly and unusually young for their age, that I have met in say the last thirty six months, I cannot get over how many of them have told me that I'm on NAD and I'm on Metformin. And I'm talking about everywhere from a gym to a golf course to a business meeting. And I'm talking about visually, shockingly looking young people. Mainly people in their fifties that look like they could be in their thirties or early forties to me. So when you say NAD, do you believe in the IV therapy? Do you believe in the, the stuff you can inject with a subcutaneously?

• 44:03Ed Mylett?

  Or are you speaking specifically about this precursor that you were referencing?

• 44:07Speaker 01

  Well, what I believe doesn't so much matter, but the scientific evidence points to taking a supplement every day, a gram of NMN, which is this precursor, stands for nicotinamide mononucleotide for the aficionados. Just swallowing one of those or a thousand milligrams is enough to double your NAD levels in the bloodstream and triple it if you take two grams. Now, I'm, I'm fifty two, so if I'm, if, if I'm an average human, I would have half the levels of this NAD molecule than a twenty year old. So doubling it is the goal for me. So I've been taking a gram of NMN, swallowing it every day. Or, you know, the last, whatever it is, dozen years, seven years at least. Then the question is, what about the NAD IVs?

• 44:51Speaker 01

  There's very little data on that.

• 44:53Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 44:54Speaker 01

  I would say that I have tried it. Um, I've found that it, it felt fine, especially afterwards during it. Have you tried it? It's

• 45:03Ed Mylett?

  I have.

• 45:04Speaker 01

  Got a little cramping in the tummy area.

• 45:05Ed Mylett?

  It does. That's, yes. And I found that on the IV and also I've taken it sub Q and I get a real burning uncomfortable sensation in my stomach. It's ironic that you say that. It's exactly my experience.

• 45:17Speaker 01

  So that there's some evidence that it's good for treating addiction, but really no solid scientific evidence that it helps in other ways yet. But that doesn't mean it doesn't help. It just means that

• 45:29Ed Mylett?

  It hasn't been studied enough.

• 45:30Speaker 01

  Doctors haven't done enough placebo controls and it's hard to give people a placebo, especially if they're paying for it. All right. So I, I would say the jury's still out, but the science, I think, is, is there that it should activate the serotonin, kick them into action. And at least for those few hours that you're getting it and it'll go up probably double, triple the levels in your bloodstream. Uh, it'll help, uh, but I don't know long term.

• 45:53Ed Mylett?

  I'm so fascinated by this stuff as everybody can tell. So you're getting stuff here you don't get most other places, you guys. So these are just things to think about. These aren't necessarily recommendations, things about, things to think about. Then there's Metformin. And so, so just, you know, I must say this to you, you and I met, this is a passion of mine. I've also had a not great genetic hand. By the way, guys, there's all kinds of stuff we could talk about on genetics today that you can get studied right now to see if you're predisposed to heart disease or different cancers. You can even find out if it came from your mother or your father's side. There's all kinds of things you could figure out right now. My genetic hand is crap. It's just mom and dad's side, both not good, and both cancers and heart disease. So when I met David originally, this conversation really mattered to me. And so I did start on Metformin.

• 46:37Ed Mylett?

  This is just me personally. I'm telling everybody my own medical stuff. I did start on the precursor for NAD, and I've tried the IV stuff, and I've tried the subQ stuff myself. So Metformin helps with glucose in the body somehow, the metabolism of glucose, correct? So why does that, why do you think Metformin works? And, and do you feel real strong like you did last time that you're here about it?

• 47:06Speaker 01

  Yeah, I feel even stronger. There's a lot of data from looking at tens of thousands of people that went on Metformin. And people who go on Metformin who have type 2 diabetes, who normally would live a short lifespan because they have more cardiovascular disease, they're aging faster, they're actually protected from these diseases relatively. And those type 2 diabetics on Metformin live longer than people that don't have type 2 diabetes. That's a remarkable observation. And because, once you start to study tens of thousands of people, it starts to look real. Especially for those people that are predisposed like you are to cardiovascular disease and other issues like cancer, there it's very clear that Metformin, on average, protects you against those

• 47:46Speaker 01

  Because it's not just working on keeping your glucose levels down. Remember, it's turning on the mitohormesis.

• 47:51Ed Mylett?

  Yep.

• 47:52Speaker 01

  And protecting the body through these defense mechanisms. Now, people might be thinking, well, okay. You've got these protective mechanisms, but what are they actually doing to make you healthier? Well, I've mentioned only one of the things they do, which is turning over those old proteins. That are either oxidized or have glucose stuck to them. But they do other things. They do protect telomeres when you turn them on. Uh, but they, they do another thing that's really interesting. Uh, and that is that they can rejuvenate stem cells. And so you get stem cells protected and then they can divide and then they can repopulate the body. Another thing that they do really well, particularly the sirtuins, is that they help repair broken DNA. Anyone who's been in the sun, I was Australian. I've been damaged badly by the sun. That ages you. It actually is, we know that damage to DNA accelerates aging.

• 48:37Speaker 01

  In my lab, we can cause a mouse to be 50% older by doing this process. The sirtuins will slow that down. We had a paper in Science in 2018. That showed that by raising NAD levels, by giving mice NMN, same molecule that I take. Their DNA repair systems were much more efficient. And if you damage them with radiation, which we were trying to simulate space radiation, but it's also similar to cosmic rays that you get if you fly a lot. Which I know you do.

• 49:04Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 49:05Speaker 01

  NMN was protecting those mice from the damage and you can see the damage. You look in their livers, there was damage, damage, damage in a normal mouse. And give, give them NMN and it wasn't there for the most part. So that's another way it can protect against aging.

• 49:18Ed Mylett?

  This is so good, so good. Um, we're gonna keep going, cause I love this. Any disclaimers on any of this that we've said so far that you would say to somebody who says, I gotta get on this Metformin or NAD? Is there any disclaimer, any downside, anything you would advise them to do? Just so that I make sure everyone's heard the totality of your thoughts about it.

• 49:36Speaker 01

  Yeah, well, one disclaimer is I'm actually not a trained physician. I train physician, but I'm not a trained physician. I'm a PhD who studies molecules.

• 49:46Speaker 01

  And so there's that. So anytime you want to change something in your body, even if it's diet, but if it's a supplement, and of course a drug, you need your doctor, you want to consult them. So your doctor needs to know everything that's going on in your body because supplements are sometimes just as powerful as drugs.

• 50:00Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 50:01Speaker 01

  And if you cannot get, for example, this is a good point, I think, to bring up is if you cannot convince your doctor to get metformin.

• 50:07Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 50:07Speaker 01

  There is an alternative. Uh, you know what I'm gonna say, uh, it's a plant molecule called berberine.

• 50:13Ed Mylett?

  Mm hmm.

• 50:13Speaker 01

  Uh, from the berber plant. And if you're in clinical trials, if you take it at two grams a day, uh, it does lower blood glucose similar to metformin. And that you can buy on, you know, any pharmacy or online.

• 50:27Ed Mylett?

  Yep. That's where I began. After we did our interview, I went to my doctor and I said, we're getting on metformin. And she said, no, we're not, not right now, not yet. And, um, and so that's where I began. And then after a period of time, she did a little bit more research and agreed. Have you done any reading on Mots C at all?

• 50:45Speaker 01

  I've done more than reading.

• 50:46Ed Mylett?

  Okay. What do you know about Mots C?

• 50:48Speaker 01

  Mots C. Well, I know the scientists involved and I helped them start a company.

• 50:51Ed Mylett?

  Come on now, really? Okay.

• 50:53Speaker 01

  I'm kind of embedded in this field.

• 50:55Ed Mylett?

  I know, but this is awesome.

• 50:57Speaker 01

  I'm older than you might think. Um, so Mots C is really interesting. I really like it.

• 51:01Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 51:02Speaker 01

  Yeah. I liked it so much, I started a company.

• 51:04Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 51:04Speaker 01

  So Mots C is, is a super interesting molecule from,

• 51:09Speaker 01

  from a, an academic standpoint.

• 51:10Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 51:11Speaker 01

  Uh, and from a physiological standpoint.

• 51:13Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 51:14Speaker 01

  Mots C is made not by the DNA, uh, from the DNA in the nucleus, which is most of our chromosomes. It's from the chromosome that's in mitochondria. It's mitochondria because they're like these bacteria. Um, they, they have their own circular DNA. It's not a chromosome, it's circular. And embedded in that circle piece of DNA in the mitochondria is a little gene called Mots C. M capital M O T dash C. And the mitochondria make this little peptide, a little piece of a protein, peptide is just a small protein, that gets leached out into the bloodstream. And tells the rest of the body that a certain part of the body is experiencing hormesis. So when you exercise, your body is secreting Mots C into the body.

• 51:58Speaker 01

  And Mots C is really small, you can synthesize it and you can even get it. I don't know if it's still available in the US, but.

• 52:04Ed Mylett?

  It is.

• 52:04Speaker 01

  Uh, it, it's in clinical trials right now in this company. It's called Cohbar, C O H B A R.

• 52:10Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 52:10Speaker 01

  And it's looking promising as a treatment for fatty liver, but hopefully other age-related diseases.

• 52:17Ed Mylett?

  Maybe even plaque removal and stuff like that, right? And there's all kinds of fascinating stuff. So I'm so glad that we got a chance to talk about all this stuff today. Okay, so some practical stuff just for a second or exciting stuff.

• 52:30Ed Mylett?

  CRISPR. We've talked a little bit about CRISPR, but this concept, where are we at able being able to actually alter DNA? Like I've had some friends of mine that, you know, knew I was going to be talking to you today and they're like, please get like the update. So every, tell everyone here what CRISPR specifically is, but where are we at on our, we're right now, where are we? And if you were to forecast, say, within the next five years, where do you believe we are unable to actually alter DNA that way?

• 52:59Speaker 01

  Yeah, well, right now it's, it's possible to add genes to humans. We've cured, not we, but scientists and doctors have cured genetic diseases that way.

• 53:08Ed Mylett?

  Incredible.

• 53:08Speaker 01

  Blind people are seeing again.

• 53:10Ed Mylett?

  Yes.

• 53:10Speaker 01

  But it's only a small, it's thousands of people. It's not millions yet, but we are getting better at it. And eventually probably in, certainly in this decade, we'll see people being able to add genes to their bodies more commonly. But CRISPR is different. CRISPR is not adding genes. It's actually changing your genetic makeup permanently. And so where we're at is there are, there are some genes or some studies that have shown that it works in humans. You can correct sickle cell anemia and fix that. That one's a little easier because it's in the bloodstream. Trying to fix Alzheimer's with CRISPR is going to be a lot more challenging. The blood is easy to access. And the way we do it is we put a CRISPR system, which is an enzyme that you can direct

• 53:54Speaker 01

  to change the DNA with a barcode. So our DNA has different letters, the six feet of this DNA molecule in every cell. And there are these four letters ACTG and they're in different sequence. And what CRISPR does that's kind of incredible, if you think about it, is that you can give it a code that says, go find the sequence that's A T G C A G C. And it'll find it in billions of combinations in that six foot and go in and just change that.

• 54:25Ed Mylett?

  Incredible.

• 54:27Speaker 01

  It is, it's a barcode. And, and so I would say in the next five years, it'll be fairly common to, to fix genetic diseases with CRISPR.

• 54:37Speaker 01

  And then, and then things get really interesting when we start to fix things that aren't genetic. Maybe we want to all fix our predisposition to diabetes. We could potentially go in and fix that before we actually get that disease and, and make up for not having great genetic lineages.

• 54:52Ed Mylett?

  Would you, if you put a time horizon on that, what would you think something like that would be?

• 54:56Speaker 01

  Well, probably for the healthy people, it's going to take longer, right? Doctors would rather do no harm than do good. Um, and so that's probably 15 years away for, from being mainstream. Um, there are other technologies, one, one called siRNA, which is similar, but it, it actually stops the production of protein rather than changing the genes. It's one step down. Uh, and that's being shown, and there's a drug on the market to treat high cholesterol. Um, and even there's a drug for fatty liver. And so increasingly we're able to change the genetic code or the codes that are coming off the genetic code, which is RNA, which we all have heard about because of COVID.

• 55:35Ed Mylett?

  Right.

• 55:35Speaker 01

  Uh, but yeah, we're, it's amazing that we can now, uh, read the DNA and rewrite it.

• 55:43Speaker 01

  Uh, and it's, and in my work, we've just recently figured out how to turn on three embryonic genes in the body.

• 55:49Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 55:50Speaker 01

  Uh, and when we do that, just the right three genes, that resets the age of, of the tissue and it gets rejuvenated.

• 55:57Ed Mylett?

  Are you kidding me? You, this is work you're doing right now. So in addition, I'm just processing all this. Like, I think when we first talked about this, I'm like, yeah, it'll be in there, like the adding genes thing, they'll do a little of that. But like to actually alter the genetic sequence of somebody, that won't be in my lifetime. And you're saying that you believe that in some form of that will be in the next five ish years, we'll be doing that?

• 56:21Speaker 01

  Well, there are patients already that have had it done, but for it to be mainstream.

• 56:23Ed Mylett?

  Mainstream.

• 56:24Speaker 01

  Yeah. Five to 15, depending on the disease. I mean, the more severe, the faster the FDA acts.

• 56:29Ed Mylett?

  What are the, what are you most excited about right now? Like in your work, what are you just, this is the stuff I'm the most excited about right now.

• 56:37Speaker 01

  That's easy.

• 56:37Ed Mylett?

  Your face just changed too, by the way, when I asked you.

• 56:39Speaker 01

  It's easy.

• 56:40Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 56:41Speaker 01

  So we published a year ago on the cover of Nature magazine, which is the highlight of any scientist's career, that we could reset the age of a complex tissue. We chose the mouse's eye. We let mice get old and blind and we reprogrammed their eye using these three genes. They're called O, S and K for short.

• 56:59Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 57:00Speaker 01

  And we turned the age back 80% and they became, they were able to see again. And so what we're talking about is having found that there's a reset switch in the body to be young again. And the information in the body to be young is still there. So theoretically, you could take someone who's 100 years old.

• 57:17Ed Mylett?

  Oh my gosh.

• 57:18Speaker 01

  And reset their body to be young again. Now, the exciting thing is we've been doing clinical trials, well, preclinical trials, and there's no apparent downside to this yet.

• 57:27Ed Mylett?

  Oh my gosh.

• 57:27Speaker 01

  Isn't that great?

• 57:28Ed Mylett?

  No, that's incredible.

• 57:29Speaker 01

  Yeah. And so I went home that day and I said, hey, we've cured blindness. And my family went, yeah, can you just unpack the dishwasher? That was a sad day. That's when I knew I could never impress my family. But we have been working ever since. So we first made this discovery about three years ago. It ended up being in my book, a little bit of it. And it was a thrill to make this discovery. But since then, we've been doing the hard work, which is to figure out, is it safe enough to put into humans? And we're now testing it in non-human primates, just to see if it's safe.

• 57:58Ed Mylett?

  My gosh.

• 57:59Speaker 01

  And if all goes well, in the next two years, we'll hopefully cure blindness in people.

• 58:02Ed Mylett?

  That is absolutely freaking incredible. That's absolutely bananas.

• 58:06Speaker 01

  But it gets better.

• 58:07Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 58:07Speaker 01

  The eye was just something we chose. I didn't think it would work any better in the eye. In fact, I thought it'd probably work worse. But we found that there's a universal reset switch. So you can reset different parts of the body. You can reset the skin. We've shown you can reset muscle. Uh, you can reset. What have you done? Uh, yeah, the skin was easy. So using the same genes. So we're just basically turning on an embryonic program in older people or middle aged, um, in their cells and in mice, and they get young again. What does this mean? This means one day, it's going to be possible to reset the age of the body. We've done that. Uh, we've done that in mice. Now the question is, how soon can we get it into ourselves?

• 58:47Ed Mylett?

  That's bananas. Is there, um, here's the, here's the, uh, guy that grew up with skeptics all over his house. Let's assume that that's true. Did everyone just hear what he just said, by the way? That we may be able to reset the age of a human? We've already been able to do this now in other organisms? That's.

• 59:04Ed Mylett?

  That's a minute to process that, right? And as I process it, I go, wow, that's exciting. I hope I can live long enough so that I can reset my clock.

• 59:11Speaker 01

  That's the key.

• 59:12Ed Mylett?

  Right?

• 59:12Speaker 01

  The stuff we've talked about today.

• 59:14Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 59:14Speaker 01

  The, the, the eating, the exercise. Well, what, what's the other thing? Hot, cold. These are designed and the supplements to keep us all alive until this technology becomes available. Cause it's not just one thing to slow down aging, which we can do pretty easily just by doing these lifestyle changes. But to reset the age, there's a, there's a study from UCLA that shows.

• 59:35Ed Mylett?

  Louise, that's crazy.

• 59:36Speaker 01

  Yeah, it gets crazy. There's a study by Steve Horvath and Greg Fahy was published during the first few months of the pandemic. They treated people for a year with a combination of metformin, a bit of growth hormone and, and DHEA to offset some of the problems with growth hormone that can cause type 2 diabetes. And they found that when they measured the clock of the body, it went back by about two years. And at, at the time I thought, yeah, okay, two years, that's not a lot. But then I started thinking, if you could do that every year.

• 1:00:08Ed Mylett?

  Right, right.

• 1:00:09Speaker 01

  That'd be pretty interesting.

• 1:00:10Ed Mylett?

  You're literally aging in reverse.

• 1:00:12Speaker 01

  Right, right. And I don't know about immortality. I, I'd just be happy with an extra 10 years of, of healthy life or even two years. But we're at a point now where we're, we're able to control aging pretty easily. In my lab, we can drive aging forwards and backwards in mice at will. Aging is malleable now that we have an understanding of how it's controlled and what causes it. And we even have mini brains in the lab. We can take human cells, so Ed, I can take your skin cells. I can make them into stem cells that are pluripotent, meaning I can make anything from you. If I wanted to, and this is not kidding, I could make a sperm out of your skin cells and an egg and fertilize that.

• 1:00:46Ed Mylett?

  So you can clone me?

• 1:00:46Speaker 01

  I could, I could clone you. I won't do that because it's illegal, but biologically we could do that.

• 1:00:52Ed Mylett?

  My gosh.

• 1:00:53Speaker 01

  I'm, I'm going to get all sorts of phone calls.

• 1:00:54Ed Mylett?

  You are, there we go. I'm going to get the emails too.

• 1:00:56Speaker 01

  Hey, can you clone me?

• 1:00:57Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 1:00:57Speaker 01

  No, but what, what I'm, what I, what's important is I can make organs, mini organs from you and test drugs. And I could, what we're doing in the lab is we have.

• 1:01:05Ed Mylett?

  Wow, yeah.

• 1:01:07Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 1:01:07Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 1:01:08Speaker 01

  Personalized medicine.

• 1:01:09Ed Mylett?

  Yeah, wow.

• 1:01:10Speaker 01

  So when you come to my lab and you have to promise you're going to come, I'll show you, we grow these mini brains in the lab. And we've got them from people that are predisposed to Alzheimer's or not. And we have a way to age those brains so that they're now eighty years old, even though they're only a few months old. And they lose their ability to fire electrically. They they become demented in the dish, little mini brains. On Instagram, I've shown some photos of these. They're pretty cute. And so we give them Alzheimer's and dementia in the dish. And then what we do is we have the system to turn on those three embryonic genes, O, S and K. And those brains go back in age. But here's the cool thing. Alzheimer's goes away. They get the electrical activity comes back. Now we do this in a mouse. We make the mouse older. Just let them age out. We accelerate it.

• 1:01:55Speaker 01

  And we've been now reversing the age of those brains in the mice. And you can guess what happens? They get their memory ability to learn back.

• 1:02:02Ed Mylett?

  Unbelievable. Do you hear what you're saying? It's unbelievable.

• 1:02:07Speaker 01

  This is my day job, so it doesn't seem that exciting, but it is when I talk about it.

• 1:02:10Ed Mylett?

  It's the most exciting stuff. Listen, we're in this time where there's all this doom and gloom about, you know, our wellness and health and the pandemic and all these other things, and it's stuff to be very cognizant of and pay very close attention to. But right with the same time. I feel like Sergey Young and I were talking about this too, who I know you you know Sergey and like Sergey as well. It's almost like, man, if you can find a way right now to stay on this planet healthy for the next ten or twenty years, if you can manage to do that, that there might be an extension of your life at a magnitude of another twenty or thirty potentially, healthy years possibly. And you said ten earlier. If you can just find a way to extend your life and the finding the way is what we're describing.

• 1:02:54Ed Mylett?

  The hot and cold, the not eating so dag gum much, right? The look really getting sure about your glucose and how you process it in your body and taking a look at this metformin and NAD and these other things. And if you can really start to get that stuff together and exercise and eat healthy and put the right you there may be a completely different world we're living in in a matter of a decade.

• 1:03:14Speaker 01

  Yeah, exactly right. And already, because technology is changing so fast already, and it's only going to go exponential. Every year that you stay alive, you get another three months of life.

• 1:03:24Ed Mylett?

  Right now.

• 1:03:24Speaker 01

  Right now. Stay alive. Because eventually it's going to be for every year you stay alive, you get another year. And eventually you're going to have negative birthdays.

• 1:03:32Ed Mylett?

  Come on, it's, it's.

• 1:03:34Speaker 01

  No, I, I used to say that this was futuristic.

• 1:03:36Ed Mylett?

  Yeah, you did. This is why it has so much credibility with me. You used to say many years ago, this is far off, this is possible. So for you to be the one telling me, no, here's the window that it's possible in. Probable or possible. It carries so much credibility with me.

• 1:03:51Speaker 01

  I've got some of the, the best scientists working with me on this, not just at Harvard, but in, in companies who know how to make drugs. So this isn't just, oh, one day it'll happen. There's, there's investors.

• 1:04:01Ed Mylett?

  Okay, sure.

• 1:04:02Speaker 01

  Other investors have jumped in. So Jeff Bezos and others have put large amounts of money. There are billions now to figure this out. Um, so even if I don't make it, you know, I, I, God willing, I don't have a heart attack, but if I do. You know, the, the genie's out of the bottle. This is going to happen. It's just a question of when.

• 1:04:21Ed Mylett?

  Yeah. What it means to be, I'm just thinking myself as you're talking, what it means to be a human being. It's going to potentially be very different experience within a decade. What it means and all of the, uh, just the pain and suffering so many people have gone through in lives with cancers and heart disease and losing people that are still here to Alzheimer's. And things like that, to think about the quality of life. And people ask me all the time. I was just on a call before we did this with a coaching group I have with all of the stuff going on in the world right now, you know? And I, and I, I told them I'm optimistic. I'm optimistic about humanity. I'm optimistic about life. I'm optimistic about our world. And it's not Pollyanna. I have reasons to believe it. And you know, you, my friend, are one of those reasons. I just learned from you and feel so inspired by you.

• 1:05:06Ed Mylett?

  Is there a negative to people living so much longer? I think of things like food supply. Or things like that. Do you ever think about those things? Like, we gotta be really careful here because. You know, there might be an, an issue we've not factored in. In other words, do other technologies need to be keeping pace if humans are going to live longer?

• 1:05:23Speaker 01

  Yeah. The answer is yes. And that's the subject of my next book, actually. How do we get out of this mess that, that we're in?

• 1:05:29Ed Mylett?

  This mess that we're in of living longer and.

• 1:05:30Speaker 01

  No, the mess that, that the world we've created.

• 1:05:33Ed Mylett?

  Okay, got you.

• 1:05:33Speaker 01

  Of the, the, the stress and the, and the bad food around us. Living longer is part of the solution, actually.

• 1:05:39Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 1:05:39Speaker 01

  So by helping yourself, you actually help save the planet. And that may sound counterintuitive, but let me explain. First of all, there's an economic benefit to living longer. Healthy, right, productivity.

• 1:05:51Ed Mylett?

  Sure.

• 1:05:52Speaker 01

  Spending. The economy is driven by people who are healthy and dragged down by people who are not healthy.

• 1:05:57Ed Mylett?

  Good point.

• 1:05:57Speaker 01

  Yeah. And we did the calculations. By we, I mean a couple of brilliant economists in London and I was just the the third wheel, but they calculated that if you could just extend lifespan by one year, let's say everyone went on Metformin, who could take it, then the savings in the long run to the US would add up to eighty six trillion dollars. If you extend it to a decade, it's three hundred and sixty five trillion with a T dollars. This is more money than you can get by doing anything.

• 1:06:24Ed Mylett?

  Anything.

• 1:06:25Speaker 01

  You know, you know, save, um, stopping all military spending, which we wouldn't do. But that that kind of money can be put towards solving issues like climate change, food supply.

• 1:06:35Ed Mylett?

  Sure.

• 1:06:35Speaker 01

  And the other thing that I do, and I I don't often mention this because it's often, you know, not the subject that people want to hear about. But I also work on other problems on the planet. Um, I have a company that detects viruses and bacteria, can diagnose anything from your blood. That's just one. But the one that's relevant that you reminded me is, um, I actually I wrote a co-wrote a patent on the plane over here to California from Boston to preserve, uh, fruit. And so the same molecules and coatings on fruit that, um, well, the same molecules that work in our bodies also work in plants. In fact, plants make most of these molecules that we ingest. It's one of the reasons I eat stressed stressed out plants because they make these molecules. Long story short, I I'm hoping to extend the shelf life of fruit

• 1:07:19Speaker 01

  around the world. And there's a huge amount of fruit and vegetables that are thrown away every day.

• 1:07:23Ed Mylett?

  Perishes.

• 1:07:24Speaker 01

  Yeah.

• 1:07:25Ed Mylett?

  You're remarkable, brother. Is there something that keeps you up at night that you worry about?

• 1:07:31Speaker 01

  Um, I don't get kept up at night worrying. I get kept up at night working and talking to people. Um, I do worry a bit that I'm not going to achieve my life's goal, which is to have a medicine that helps millions of people. That would satisfy me. I don't care about prizes and all that stuff. That's doesn't, you know, I've won a few and it doesn't do anything, you know. What will, what I'm hoping for is for a little vial of a drug, some medicine that that saves millions of lives. And then I'll, then I'll be, I honestly, I'll be happy. And I'm guided by a mentor of mine, uh, Philip Sharp, who is at MIT. And he actually literally won a Nobel Prize. Does he have his Nobel Prize on the wall? No.

• 1:08:13Speaker 01

  He has a little vial of the drug that he made. And that's what he tells me is important to him.

• 1:08:18Ed Mylett?

  That's so good, David. Okay, a couple more things. Is there any other additional? I'm just processing what we've talked about today. I feel so good that you are here. I want you, I want to just say this to you. I always learn when you're around me. And I feel more optimistic with evidence based in fact of why I feel more optimistic. And I'm grateful that I get to share the conversation today with millions of people that listen to the show. Like there are some shows when I do them and I'm in the midst of doing them and I'm like, I'm so grateful for this experience. And that's now twice with you. So you know those pieces in your closet that you find yourself wearing like on repeat all the time? That sweater that kind of just goes with everything or these perfect pair of pants?

• 1:09:01Ed Mylett?

  Those are the pieces that make getting dressed easy and that's what Quince does best. Quince focuses on high quality wardrobe staples with premium materials like 100% Mongolian cashmere, organic cotton. The styles are timeless, versatile and designed to become the dependable pieces you reach for every day. It's what I'm wearing right now. They give you the softness and quality you'd expect from a luxury brand without the price tag. Quince also makes premium pants, fitted tees and polos and breathable activewear. Quality basics designed to work with your wardrobe and hold up to everyday wear. I love their cotton tees. I'm wearing one now and I get a ton of compliments when I wear them on the podcast and when I speak. So find your next fall favorites at Quince. Download the Quince app for app exclusive offers or go to quince.com/ed for free shipping on your order and 365 day returns.

• 1:09:46Ed Mylett?

  Now available in Canada and the UK too. That's Q U I N C E dot com slash ed. So you know, I've been trying to take my health and my morning routine to the next level. And I used to do a whole bunch of different stuff, tons of different supplements. And then I found all in one in a drink with IM8. IM8 is the way to simplify your supplement routine. Finally, once and for all, 16 supplements replaced 90 ingredients across nine major organ systems in one drink.

• 1:10:15Ed Mylett?

  You can have all these supplements for $2.61 a day. I've changed my mornings. The whole IM8 routine has changed my mornings. I feel great and I bring energy to the entire day. Go to im8health.com/Ed10 right now or click the link in the description and use code ED10 for a free welcome kit, five free travel sachets plus 10% off your order. That's code ED10 at im8health.com/Ed10. Code ED10 at im8health.com/Ed10. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. That was a great conversation. And if you want to hear the full interview, be sure to follow the Ed Mylett Show on Apple

• 1:10:59Ed Mylett?

  and Spotify. Links are in the show notes. You'll never miss an episode that way. Would you like to live to 200 years old? Would you settle for 150? Right? Well, this man doesn't want to settle for 150, doesn't settle for 120. He's an author. He's got a book out called The Science and Technology of Growing Young by Sergey Young. Sergey Young, welcome to the program.

• 1:11:19Sergey Young?

  Hi, everyone. I'm so excited to be here with you today.

• 1:11:24Ed Mylett?

  What we're going to do today is we're going to go through the different, you know, parts of doing it now as well. So, I want to talk about things that are, they may seem basic. I want to say one thing for me, if you agree with this Sergey. Just the intention, just having the intention of living longer, just making that an outcome of yours as a human being, I believe opens up a space that didn't exist in your life and in your world prior to thinking that thought. Just the thought alone that I'm going to live a long time and picking a number, I think too, having a number. Do you agree with that or is that crazy?

• 1:11:56Sergey Young?

  Yeah, look, I'm a big fan of it. So I'm typical placebo man, actually. That's why I like supplements, right? I have plenty of supplements because, you know, the like 30 or 40% of the outcome of the positive result, you know, from the supplements comes from placebo effect. And I'm so I'm typical placebo man. So my motto, every morning I wake up and my mantra is, I'm going to be living to 200 healthy and happy years in the body of 25 years old man. So imagine, I started to do it a couple of years ago. My life has changed. Because imagine every morning I wake up and three fourth of my life is ahead of me. I have plenty of plans.

• 1:12:38Sergey Young?

  I can even excuse myself for three years from this planet to go back and forth to Mars. And my family is not gonna be pissed off. I have four kids. I'm an investor, so I call it. I'm the founder of diversified portfolio of four kids. So I just, the psychological aspect of aging is really important.

• 1:12:57Ed Mylett?

  I agree with you.

• 1:12:58Sergey Young?

  So your target age, if you put it like 10, even 20 years below than your calendar age, will do amazing things with your body and your mind.

• 1:13:08Ed Mylett?

  You're so right. Just experiencing you and your energy, I got to tell you, my audience is diverse. There's people 14 years old listening to this, there's people in their 70s. But one thing is when I hit my 40s and 50s, I started to say things that were insanely stupid. Like, I'm old, I'm old now, I'm old now. Just those statements. And people say, you're not old and you don't look old either. By the way, physically you look 25 years old. And I said, I feel it, but just the verbal part of it. And it's not, it's not part of the book. We're gonna get into the details now. I just want everyone to have that intention of living that long in the body of a 25 year old. I love the way you described that. Now, let's talk about stuff right now. There's six things that Sergey typically talks about that you could be doing right now. And we can go through most of them if you want. But one thing that I do is I, because I've had some heart issues,

• 1:13:53Ed Mylett?

  I do regular lab work, regular checkups with my doctor. I'm talking quarterly for me. And for a while I was doing it every other month. Most people will go years without seeing a doctor unless they get sick. So talk about some of your six things people could do right now to, right now, engage living longer and more healthy.

• 1:14:12Sergey Young?

  Yes, beautiful. So for me, it's the most important, most important part of the book. This is why I am in longevity. I mean, you know, all these exciting technologies which will be available to us in the next 10, 20 years. This is all great, but for me, change starts today or tomorrow morning. But that's like the only optionality that you have. So some people find it boring. That's why I created this Sergey Yanegin. That's why I've developed this horizon to live to hundred and fifty years. And then the far horizon of longevity to live to two hundred years in the form of, you know, Internet of Bodies, human brain AI integration, human avatars. But like, we don't need to wait for another ten to twenty years. There's so many things that you can do today. Again, it's called boring stuff.

• 1:14:57Sergey Young?

  And to live to at least hundred, healthy and happy year. Unless you are really unlucky in genetic lottery. And this is like really rare. You need to have like really rare genetic disease. And then it's a separate discussion. We're working on that as well. There's so many things that we shoot and we can do today. So then, one caveat before that. We, humans, we like one silver bullet. And people always ask me like, Sergey, like, what I like? Just one thing that I need to do to sort out this kind of health stuff? And I'm always saying, if one answer to aging and age-related diseases would exist in this world, then it's either mother nature in a process of evolution

• 1:15:39Sergey Young?

  or scientists in a process of scientific research will find this answer. So it's, and human biology is the most complex and fascinating field I've ever discovered for myself. So be prepared, it's always a combination of things. And you need to follow through on many dimensions. Number one, and this is when I have thirty seconds on longevity. I talk about this, is exactly the thing that you just mentioned. Doing your medical screening. We just need to understand, we're living in a completely different world today. Like twenty, forty years ago, there was zero value of you knowing if you have cancer or not. It was actually negative value because cancer was kiss of death. And you just kind of get the information

• 1:16:22Sergey Young?

  that you're gonna survive for another six or nine month on this planet. And that's it, you've done. People were deferring their cancer screening days because, I mean, there was like zero useful information and the outcome from that. Right now, making sure you do early diagnostic of cancer, increase your recovery rates from twenty, thirty percent to ninety to even hundred percent. So your opportunity and ability to survive and actually to sustain the quality of your lifestyle and the quality of your health is enormous. And for majority of cancer

• 1:17:02Sergey Young?

  types, early diagnostic of cancer, stage one, early stage cancer is ninety-three to one hundred percent for major cancer types. This is amazing. Like, some of the machines that we see in the hospitals today, they, it's just, it's really space machines, like MRI machine, three Tesla MRI, they have the artificial intelligence-driven brain, right, network algorithm, updated every month. And last two years, so I'm doing my annual screening every year in San Diego, California, in Human Longevity Centers set up by our very good friends. So We go to the same place, yep.

• 1:17:44Sergey Young?

  Yeah. So two, in the last two years, it was actually, after I've done full-body MRI, it was artificial intelligence scanning and looking through my scans. And then it was discussion with doctors. So it's radiologists empowered with artificial intelligence, increase exponentially your chances to get the analytics right, the diagnostic right, and survive. Just one figure, and it's fascinating. So, average radiologist, working under the time pressure, which is probably hundred percent, hundred and fifty percent of time of their working mode, is successful in diagnostic early-stage breast cancer in thirty-eight percent of cases.

• 1:18:29Sergey Young?

  Crazy. That's awesome. If you empower the same man or woman with a beautiful profession, empower him or her with artificial intelligence algorithm, the ability to detect grows to ninety-eight to ninety-nine percent. That's amazing. And we've been investing in so many companies. Diagnostic comes to our home, like, you know, all this Cologuard, they're using our blood test to

• 1:18:57Sergey Young?

  To detect like the risk of colon cancer.

• 1:18:59Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 1:19:00Sergey Young?

  It's just amazing. So, well, just make sure, the most important day of your life every year is is the day of your annual screening. If you want to do it quarterly, this is great.

• 1:19:10Ed Mylett?

  Well, I just, Sergey, just to jump in, I just want to stay on this. First off, I want you to hear what he said there. Because I didn't look at it that way. Early-stage detection of disease, cure rates and survival rates on most diseases are incredibly high. Detected early. We die from these diseases because it's stage three when we find it. It's stage four when we find it. In my case, I don't have perfect genetics when it comes to plaque accumulation in my arteries. I detected it in my 30s. I'm still with you here because I was doing regular lab screenings. And so, guys, if you don't go to the longevity center and say, you know, get an executive physical once a year, get your blood looked at. The way that they look at blood now, everybody, it's not HDL, LDL, there's little particle, big particle, there's,

• 1:19:52Ed Mylett?

  there's your liver enzyme levels, there's all these things, there's your lipoprotein little A, there's these things, you don't even need to know what they are. Just know that they're tested for now. And if you haven't been there in a while, do it at least once a year. And I think this starts in our 20s. I really believe that. So I just want to second what he has said there. As if I'm anywhere near the expert he is, but we do have similar friends and we've been on a similar journey. So I just want to really stamp that one is so important.

• 1:20:17Sergey Young?

  Yeah, this is, and, and this is much cheaper. Like, prevention is 10 to 20 times cheaper. Than treating something when it, when disease manifests itself. Because this is very old school, like, 30, 50 years ago, you need to wait until disease will manifest itself. And this is why when you see a doctor, right now, you define when you need to see a doctor, and it should be like super regular.

• 1:20:42Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 1:20:42Sergey Young?

  So that's one.

• 1:20:43Ed Mylett?

  One. So I want to go, I want to focus on a couple of them, Sergey, just because we have so many other future things I want to talk about too. Two is let the food be the medicine. I want you to read the book to get that one, guys. That's why you go get a book, right? What's the food? What's the medicine? Uh, third is get moving. My audience is pretty good at that. Exercise, moving, those kind of things. Here's a biggie. Eat early and less often. What do you mean by that? Can you define that for us?

• 1:21:08Sergey Young?

  So, um, basically, I'm, I'm, well, there's a lot of disagreement, what actually extends our life in academic circle. But this is one agreement. If you decrease the caloric intake, if you literally decrease the number of calories that you take every day by fifteen to twenty-five percent. Of course, you need to, to look at the balance between physical activity and a, and a caloric intensity. But, so it's actually extends your life by two, three, five, healthy and happy years. That's a big thing. Well, it's easier to say, well, Sergey, you need to last fifteen to twenty-five percent less calories, but it's very difficult to do. So what are my life hacks on that? One, I do fasting. So, uh, you know, I fast thirty-six hours every week.

• 1:21:52Ed Mylett?

  Wow, okay.

• 1:21:53Sergey Young?

  Two nights and one day. It's actually Sunday, yeah, I, it's, I started on Sunday evening or on Monday evening. And then I, you know, just two nights and just one day during Monday, I just drink, you know, some water, herbal tea, and that's it.

• 1:22:07Ed Mylett?

  Can I ask about that, Sergey? Can I inquire about that? So, um, because the fasting, I've had intermittent fasting, we've talked about this, but thirty-six hours. Phil Mickelson, the professional golfer, started doing that about two years ago. He's been a guest on my show. He says he feels literally twenty years younger doing it. When you began doing that, because I've not done it. I've done some intermittent fasting, the thirty-six hour thing. Okay, I want to ask you about this. Did you just right off the bat goes thirty-six hours or did you build up? Did you do twenty-four for a while? Or do you just go thirty-six and you're fasting for the thirty-six hours?

• 1:22:37Sergey Young?

  Yeah, so I, I started to do twenty-four hours fasting, but then it's, well, what is happening? Like, in the first seventeen, eighteen hours of fasting, I'm, I'm speaking about the average man or woman, right? We are not average, like this, well, that's actually a beauty of technology, it's going to be much more personalized. But like, within the first, you know, sixteen Eighteen hours of fasting, but it just cleans itself, right? Your autophagy actually start after this period. Well, that's, that's the beauty of that. When you're old cells, which your body doesn't need them. Yeah, you can actually clean it in a, in a process of fasting. But this, this whole thing starts after, you know, seventeen or eighteen hours of fasting.

• 1:23:18Sergey Young?

  That's why I didn't feel really, I, I, I haven't thought that it's logical just to do like eighteen hours of fasting. And then like this sweetest period, like the best period of fasting, I start to eat again. Well, so I, I've done twenty-four hours and then I thought, okay, well, Sergey, I mean, you sleeping during the night anyway, don't you? And I'm like, okay, well, that's a trick, but what I can do. So, um, and I thought rather than starting to eat, so you mentioned I start Monday evening, rather than starting to eat on Tuesday evening. I was like, can I just extend it to like Wednesday morning? And, um, and obviously I'm, I'm, it's difficult sometimes to go to bed if you're hungry and, um.

• 1:24:02Ed Mylett?

  Do you get hungry anymore? Do you still get hungry?

• 1:24:05Sergey Young?

  Not really, no. But what I do in the evening, I just like, I take fiber.

• 1:24:09Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 1:24:09Sergey Young?

  Uh, yeah, and it's, yeah, zero calories with a water or with herbal tea. It fills my stomach a little bit and then I go to bed. But like, literally, you just need to see me like on Monday evening at nine P M. But I'm going to bed after first twenty-four hours of sleep. Uh, uh, this is amazing, this is like the best sleep I have, um, during my week. You feel so light, you feel so energetic. Yeah, I mean, you're literally feeling young and well, that's the beauty of that. Yeah.

• 1:24:40Ed Mylett?

  I'm doing it. I'm gonna start Sunday night. I'm gonna start.

• 1:24:43Sergey Young?

  Yeah, just give it a start, but like make sure like, you know, pre fasting day, post fasting day. Concentrate on vegetables. Don't do a lot of like heavy stuff like meat protein or fish protein, um, et cetera. But otherwise, like the best diet is, is a balanced diet.

• 1:25:00Ed Mylett?

  Okay, everybody that's listening to this, that's a bodybuilder, except that the, the point then, if you're a bodybuilder and you're training for huge muscle. and you're not gonna fast for thirty six hours because you're taxing yourself and you may need some of those proteins. I think listening to what Sergey has said about fifteen to twenty percent less caloric intake, you could still get away with doing that. By just because of these these bodybuilders, these fitness people that listen to my show, that segment of the audience, they're incredibly food disciplined already, right?

• 1:25:26Sergey Young?

  Oh, yeah.

• 1:25:26Ed Mylett?

  Just focusing on that because that is the consensus in aging, less food processed through your body, longer life by two to five years. So that's, this is why I had Sergey on you guys.

• 1:25:37Sergey Young?

  I do think it's important to put it in the context of your physical routine as well. So, I mean, you don't need to be binary about this whole thing, but like, if you take out this kind of fasting pressure from your everyday. You're following like eighteen hours of fasting and like six hours of food intake. If you just put it in the context of the week, it might be actually much more useful and and and easier to implement.

• 1:26:03Ed Mylett?

  Okay, so guys, I want to go through you through his list with you. One, get regular checkups. Two, let the food be the medicine. Three, get moving. Four, eat early and less often. And then the last two, I'll have you talk about these. Five is constantly work on quitting bad habits. And six is make sleep your superpower. What are those bad habits? And what about sleep? Because that's changed my life, my sleep, my sleep situation. I'll let you go there.

• 1:26:27Sergey Young?

  Yes, so bad habits, basically, like, sometimes we do really stupid or risky choices in our life.

• 1:26:39Sergey Young?

  And that's the problem. And and and people think it's something superficial. So tobacco smoking.

• 1:26:46Ed Mylett?

  Yeah.

• 1:26:47Sergey Young?

  It's minus ten years from your lifespan. And this is awful. And I thought it's pretty rare because we don't see these people on the street because right now, from regulatory perspective, it's prohibited. But like, if you look at statistics, twenty five to thirty percent of adults is still doing tobacco smoking, minus ten years. Not always using your seat belts is minus two years from your life. Just riding motorcycle is seventeen.

• 1:27:12Sergey Young?

  Times more dangerous than driving the car. Seventeen. Mortality rates from motorcycle accidents is like seventeen times higher than that. What about alcohol? Yeah, alcohol and coffee, like two, my, you know, my favorite questions. So I'll come back to that. Just one final example, um, which I wanted to mention. So I, I, I've been blessed with a lot of travel experience. Uh, a few years ago, I just went through the book of Tim Ferriss for, for our work week and I, I had my wish list. And so I went to North Pole and South Pole. And actually, I mean, it sounds really risky. It's, it's just beautiful places on earth, but like it's not that risky. So then I had an opportunity to join the group of guys who were climbing Mount Everest, the, the highest mountain on earth.

• 1:27:58Sergey Young?

  And I look at statistics there and it was like six percent mortality rate. And I said, oh, look, um, I'm not sure I can afford that. And, but here's the story. Uh, two months ago, I received an email from my very good friend from California. She's an amazing woman, entrepreneur. And she's like, well, Siri, I'm about to climb the most dangerous mountain on earth. And, uh, so the, the name of this mountain is K two. And, and you know what mortality rate for this is twenty five percent. So Russian ruler, right? You, you just, it's seventeen percent. Yeah, it's a dangerous game. It's like seventeen percent of dying. It's like really, yeah, putting your salaries, but like one out of four is not gonna come back.

• 1:28:42Sergey Young?

  I'm like, oh, no, I'm not in this business. So that's, that's very important. And we think it's, it's, it's not with us. Okay. It's, it's, it's about some other people. We, we never do this, you know, this kind of stupid choices. So I, the polite version of this called passive longevity. I, I do think it's extremely important. Okay. So that's one. And sleep, you know, I always, I, and I'm probably, I don't know if you had Matthew Walker on, on your show. Uh, amazing guy. Uh, so in the book called, um, I think it's called Why We Sleep. This is my book of year 2019. I changed completely my sleep routine. Because before that, we're all very active people. We want to do this, this and that. And there's so many exciting things in the world.

• 1:29:27Sergey Young?

  So I was just borrowing my hours from my sleep credit. I literally, my, you know, my average sleeping time was somewhere around five hours. And I'm like, but after this book, like, um, my rule is eight hours in the bed, seven hours of sleep. And I, I measure, I, I actually like, I just started to test Whoop. I like Whoop Sleep Algorithm. I actually have 97% sleep efficiency this night. Where's my sleep?

• 1:29:57Ed Mylett?

  I use Aura. Are you, do you like Aura?

• 1:29:59Sergey Young?

  Yes, I'm actually, I, I, it's, it's in my home. So I'm, I'm using Aura as well. I, I actually find Aura algorithm a little bit more forgiving. So sometimes you like, you have not a great kind of night and, and the worries start.

• 1:30:14Sergey Young?

  It's good, like, because I'm a positive, positive person. Like, even if something is bad, if I, you know, if I name it positive, it's actually positive for me. But nevertheless, I, I, I don't think, I, I don't think it, it, it does matter, like, what particular wearable you use. All of the algorithms that, um, that you can use is, is great for that. But I just want to quote a very good friend of mine. He is founder of Longevity Clinic in London. And so first time I met him, same question, like, what is the one thing that you would suggest me to do? And he's like, Sergey, every evening, we can visit the most powerful clinic in the world. We go to bed. And I'm like, oh my goodness, what a beautiful way to put, you know, this, this whole thing and, and describe the importance of sleep.

• 1:30:59Sergey Young?

  It's, it's like, we can really underestimate, there's no alternative activity to sleep in terms of sustaining your hormonal balance. This is extremely important. And like, and hormones are the things like, I mean, and I, and I do think you discussed it with David Sinclair, right? Like, any extreme is bad, like, you know, lack of hormones is not, like, excessive hormones, your aging is accelerating. But like, so your body has this beautiful mechanism that you couldn't really figure out through this, you know, medical science or artificial intelligence, how to balance your hormones. It just works this way, so use that.

• 1:31:35Ed Mylett?

  You you blow my mind because um and we're gonna get to wine and coffee back in a second. And then by we're gonna go to future things, but some of them are the future. But I I wanted to ask you about hormones in a minute, too. But I want to say this one thing about the sleep that he just referenced. In my first book, I kind of almost bragged about the fact that I went on less sleep than most people. And as I've done my show for a long time, done more reading, more research. It's one of the things that I am most focused on in my life is my sleep. And I just want everyone in the audience to know that. Research it, you know, the I've had Sean Stevenson on my show. I've had lots of people about sleep. I've got apps I use to help me sleep deeper. I've got Aura that tracks it. I've got the Cool Room. I've got a chili pad that David or that Tim Ferriss talks about. I do anything I can.

• 1:32:20Ed Mylett?

  The room is dark. All these things they teach you to get into the best sleep state. Because people like Sergey have encouraged me through their writings and teachings to do it. And it's made a huge, huge difference for me. Okay, we don't want to skip over wine and coffee. Does it hurt us and how much?

• 1:32:35Sergey Young?

  Just that.

• 1:32:36Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 1:32:36Sergey Young?

  So this is funny. This is a lifestyle perspective on that. Well, I I'm a big fan of red wine, specifically American wines. After, you know, I started to do a lot of business in the US. I'm I'm in love with what you guys have there. So and I started to dig into this station and I'm also a big fan of coffee.

• 1:32:58Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 1:32:58Sergey Young?

  So I I and I I do believe, you know, you need to have your can achieve things, right? Whether it's, you know, a burger on Saturday or for me, it's one or two espresso a day. So my answer is like, if you look at the research on coffee and wine, it's the the graph always looks like that.

• 1:33:22Ed Mylett?

  Okay, tell everybody what you're describing for the audio people.

• 1:33:25Sergey Young?

  Yeah, okay. So you can see that there's like the graph is is is pretty flat. But there's like an optimal point, which is one or two glasses of wine.

• 1:33:36Ed Mylett?

  Okay.

• 1:33:37Sergey Young?

  Per occasion or one or two espresso a day. Got it. So you have this, in statistical terms, you have like relatively, um, so you can always say like, you know, one or two espresso a day is good for your longevity, but the, the shape of this curve is, in statistical terms, is really insignificant. So this, like, unless you're really overdoing this with coffee, or you're really overdoing this with alcohol, with, with wine, it's just, I, I don't think it's influenced a lot your longevity, but having said that, alcohol, um, and specifically excessive, excessive, um, consumption of alcohol is a really bad thing for your body. Because from certain point of view, after one or probably two glasses, your liver.

• 1:34:22Sergey Young?

  Yep. Changed the way it's processed the alcohol. Because before, like, you know, one glass during the evening, it can absorb, you know, everything. It's gonna be, you know, super friendly for your body. After that, well, it's completely different mechanism. Okay, it's actually converted, uh, the, this whole excess of energy and alcohol into fat. So that's, that's, that's a problem. So my, my rule is one or two glasses per occasion, which is basically on my definition of occasion. It's either Friday or Saturday, okay? Once a week, and this is fine, you can do it, like, but like not more than two, uh, glasses of, um, red wine. Particularly like red, I, I think, uh, white is particularly beautiful as well, but not every day.

• 1:35:06Sergey Young?

  Because after age of forty or forty-five, you'll find yourself in a trouble with, um, everyday conception. Even if it's just one glass, it just changed your, your mental, it's like, look at you, if you use ordering or you use, whoop, like whatever. Yeah. Algorithm to track in sleep that you, you're currently looking at. You can see that after a couple of, uh, glasses of wine, your deep sleep period starts not around midnight.

• 1:35:34Sergey Young?

  But somewhere around four or five AM.

• 1:35:36Ed Mylett?

  Yes, that's right.

• 1:35:37Sergey Young?

  This is bad. And the same thing with coffee. And there's two group of people. One is like really receptive to coffee and caffeine. So if I will drink couple of espresso after 2 PM, I will not be able to sleep well, okay? And for me, again, deep sleep actually, a period starts somewhere around four or five AM during the night, not around the midday. This is bad. I know couple of friends, they can have like two espresso in the end of the dinner and they will just like almost dead, you know, in a bed in the next thirty minutes. So I think there is a power of the example that we just used. And the power is like thirty, forty years ago,

• 1:36:19Sergey Young?

  for you to do experiment in longevity is fifteen years exercise. You take a group of old people and you wait until all of them die. This is your feedback cycle thirty years ago, okay? And what you can do in this world with fifteen years feedback cycle. Right now, it's like that. It's every minute, right? With every wearable you have, you can like every morning, you can look at the quality of your sleep and have very important takeaways for your lifestyle changes. So that's how both you and I discovered that, you know, both caffeine or alcohol in form of wine or any other bad habits, actually, in negative way influence our sleep. So that's the beauty of the feedback.

• 1:37:05Ed Mylett?

  Got it. I like that we're allowed to drink wine a few days a week and have coffee because I want to be alive one hundred and fifty years or two hundred years, but I also want to live. You know, it's not just being alive, I want to live. And wine is part of how I feel I'm living sometimes. So I feel good about that.