Bill Nye Live from Sirius…XM

Climate change, solar sails, GMOs, the moon’s rotation, volcanism and more – Join Bill Nye and Chuck Nice as they answer questions live from the Sirius XM studio. They also discuss Bill’s new documentary “Bill Nye: Science Guy.” (Previously recorded.) NOTE: StarTalk All-Access subscribers can watch or listen to this entire episode commercial-free here: https://www.startalkradio.net/all-access/bill-nye-live-from-sirius-xm/ Photo Credit: Ben Ratner.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:01Neil deGrasse Tyson?

  Welcome to StarTalk. Your place in the universe where science and pop culture collide. StarTalk begins right now.

• 0:22Speaker 01

  Bill Nye the Science Guy. For children of the 90s, that name stirred up an excitement for science that no schoolteacher could ever produce. Through his hit TV show, Bill Nye taught a generation of children that science is an integral part of all our lives. And much more than textbooks and tests. Now, in the 21st century, Bill has become one of the most outspoken climate change advocates and purveyors of scientific truths.

• 0:45Bill Nye?

  Climate change as we know it today is characterized by an abrupt increase in the Earth's temperature.

• 0:50Speaker 01

  Today, Bill and comedian Chuck Nice are here to answer all of your scientific questions. Prepare to have your mind blown. So grab your microscopes and fire up your buns and burners. It's time for a very special live edition of StarTalk Radio.

• 1:06Chuck Nice?

  All right. Thank you for joining us, all of you who are listening to Insight. My name is Chuck Nice and of course, you heard from the very well-produced introduction that this is a special live StarTalk Radio episode featuring Bill Nye the Science Guy. And it's all about Bill today because Bill has a documentary. As a matter of fact, it's called Bill Nye: Science Guy. And right now, without further ado, none other than the one, the only, the inimitable, Mr. Bill Nye. Bill, how are you?

• 1:44Bill Nye?

  Fabulous Chuck, so good to see you.

• 1:47Chuck Nice?

  It's been a little while, man.

• 1:48Bill Nye?

  It has been a while. Happy Tuesday.

• 1:50Chuck Nice?

  Happy Tuesday to you too. So I want to talk, of course, right away and I see already people are...

• 1:56Bill Nye?

  You want to talk on the radio?

• 1:57Chuck Nice?

  I want to talk on the radio with you. And isn't that a novel idea?

• 2:00Bill Nye?

  No, no, it's been done. But lead on.

• 2:03Chuck Nice?

  I want to talk about the documentary, of course. Can you give us some insights?

• 2:09Bill Nye?

  So I signed a contract. I have no creative control.

• 2:12Chuck Nice?

  Get out.

• 2:13Bill Nye?

  Well, anyway, they followed me around for two years.

• 2:17Chuck Nice?

  Nice.

• 2:18Bill Nye?

  Uh, that's you. They followed me around for two years. And they, you know, there was some good moments and some, uh, moments that make me squirm.

• 2:27Chuck Nice?

  Really?

• 2:28Bill Nye?

  Yes.

• 2:28Chuck Nice?

  Can I have one of those moments? Just, I mean, not, I don't wanna, I don't wanna spoiler alert, but just maybe a

• 2:33Bill Nye?

  Well, when they're asking me about, uh, my family and, uh, whether or not I had children, uh, and why I didn't have children and so on.

• 2:43Chuck Nice?

  The personal stuff.

• 2:43Bill Nye?

  The personal stuff.

• 2:44Chuck Nice?

  The personal stuff.

• 2:45Bill Nye?

  Very troubling.

• 2:45Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, well, not, well, listen, a lot of people don't know this about you, but you are a very, you are a family guy in terms of you are passionate about your parents, their service to this nation.

• 2:55Bill Nye?

  Yes.

• 2:56Chuck Nice?

  The type of people that they were as educators.

• 2:58Bill Nye?

  Yes.

• 2:59Chuck Nice?

  The impact that they had on your life.

• 3:01Bill Nye?

  Yes.

• 3:01Chuck Nice?

  I mean, these are things that I just know about you personally.

• 3:03Bill Nye?

  Yes. And it's in there. What am I supposed, yeah, exactly. Well, but I mean, a lot of it's in there. And so, uh, along with my, um, interactions, can we say interactions on the radio? So with, uh, you know, cre- creationists, climate change deniers, and so on.

• 3:20Chuck Nice?

  Right, so let's talk about that for a quick second because everyone who knows you, including my own son, who is 11 years old, who, uh,

• 3:31Bill Nye?

  I was 11 for a while.

• 3:32Chuck Nice?

  For a while.

• 3:32Bill Nye?

  I feel his pain.

• 3:33Chuck Nice?

  For, you were 11 for about, what, 10 months? Yeah.

• 3:37Bill Nye?

  It was longer than that.

• 3:38Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 3:39Bill Nye?

  I had to think, yeah, it was a little longer than that. Had to check.

• 3:42Chuck Nice?

  But here's the thing, it's so funny that, um, they play your Bill Nye the Science Guy in schools today.

• 3:50Bill Nye?

  Yes.

• 3:50Chuck Nice?

  And kids love it. You have an ability to connect and really excite.

• 3:59Bill Nye?

  I love you, man. Bring it on, Chuck. Yes. Well, I put my heart and soul into that thing.

• 4:03Chuck Nice?

  You did.

• 4:04Bill Nye?

  And it wasn't just me, you know, when you see the movie, you'll see Jim and Aaron are in there, the other, the co-creators.

• 4:09Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 4:10Bill Nye?

  But we had a fantastic crew that worked really hard and we did this, we did this show in a warehouse in Seattle and I don't think any of us thought it would be this big a deal and have these kind of legs.

• 4:22Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, man.

• 4:22Bill Nye?

  Your kids are watching it 20 years later.

• 4:24Chuck Nice?

  20 years later, my children are watching you in school, and by the way, with the same effect, being excited about science.

• 4:32Bill Nye?

  Passion, science.

• 4:34Chuck Nice?

  Science. So anyway, um,

• 4:37Chuck Nice?

  Tell me how you go from Bill Nye, the Science Guy, where you walk down the street, and I've seen this happen, we're walking down the street and people are like, "Bill, Bill, Bill, Bill!" And I'm like, "Jesus, that's gotta really..."

• 4:51Chuck Nice?

  I mean, seriously.

• 4:52Bill Nye?

  No, no.

• 4:52Chuck Nice?

  That's gotta get old. It's gotta get old.

• 4:55Bill Nye?

  Well, what you want is to interact with people, uh, human to human.

• 4:59Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 5:01Bill Nye?

  If all somebody wants is to, um, shout your, or if they want something from you, like they, downstairs today, somebody wanted an autograph on a picture that he had printed. And, but the reason he wants it is to sell it on the electric internet. And so, uh, okay, you know, am I a commodity or a colleague? And it's all good. I mean, this is how you, this is your bread and butter, man.

• 5:24Chuck Nice?

  It's your bread and butter.

• 5:25Bill Nye?

  Yeah.

• 5:25Chuck Nice?

  All right. So, how do you go from this great educator, which you still are, and, um, transition into what, what I know now is your passion, which is climate change, um, uh, climate instability, we should call it, really, and, uh, climate deniers, um, and educating the masses on, can we call it imminent danger? Is it truly imminent danger?

• 5:54Bill Nye?

  Well, that's the, the problem, the feature of climate change, is it's happening in slow motion.

• 5:59Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 5:59Bill Nye?

  So, you, over the course of twenty, thirty, fifty years, it's just a little longer than you can get your head around. But, yeah, so we had, we had these catastrophic storms, very expensive. Puerto Rico is a mess. Uh, Houston is badly damaged.

• 6:16Chuck Nice?

  Yes.

• 6:16Bill Nye?

  Uh, and so Pensacola, Florida, these places, and so, these are all gonna cost money. And you can't tie any single one, any single weather event to climate change, but the big picture is, we expect with the warmer ocean to have stronger storms, and that's what we've got. And so, um, uh, we also expect higher snowfalls in some places, cause the ocean's warmer, so more water evaporates in the nominally cold years, cold, uh, time of year, rather.

• 6:45Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 6:45Bill Nye?

  Cold seasons. And so, these are all things that you'd expect from the electric computer models that climate scientists write. And the striking thing, you'll, if you watch, I hope everybody watches the film at least once, you know, you can go back and see it a couple times.

• 7:00Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 7:01Bill Nye?

  You know, buy a ticket each time. I'm here for you, man. No, um...

• 7:06Bill Nye?

  Uh, there's a guy in the film, Joe Bastardi, who's a meteorologist and he's a conservative commentator. He goes on conservative television and radio and, and says climate change isn't an issue. Don't worry about it. It's a small effect.

• 7:22Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 7:22Bill Nye?

  But he apparently, uh, missed a, a huge thing when he was in school. And by that, I mean, I'm talking about the greenhouse effect.

• 7:31Chuck Nice?

  Uh huh.

• 7:32Bill Nye?

  Carbon dioxide's a tiny fraction of the earth's atmosphere.

• 7:35Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 7:36Bill Nye?

  Uh, nowadays, point oh four percent.

• 7:38Chuck Nice?

  Point oh four percent.

• 7:40Bill Nye?

  Which is the same as four hundred parts per million. People talk about parts per million. It used to be three hundred. Anyway, he apparently, listening to him talk, uh, believes that because it's a small fraction, this tiny fraction, less than half a percent, uh, rather, uh, less than half of a tenth of a percent.

• 8:00Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 8:01Bill Nye?

  He thinks that because it's a small fraction, it would have a small effect. But we all eat food and that comes from green plants, which depend on carbon dioxide.

• 8:10Chuck Nice?

  Correct.

• 8:11Bill Nye?

  And so, uh, without carbon dioxide, the world would be about thirty degrees Celsius colder, which is the difference between liquid ocean and frozen ocean. Yeah.

• 8:20Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 8:21Bill Nye?

  So it's a, it's a huge thing that apparently he missed. It's fascinating. So, um, his degree in meteorology and he kind of missed this.

• 8:27Chuck Nice?

  He missed this in school.

• 8:28Bill Nye?

  Whereas, you know, the strongest greenhouse gas is water vapor, to be sure. Uh, but carbon dioxide is, right now, for us humans, the most important one. Because we're pumping it out and warming the world at extraordinary rate. The speed.

• 8:45Chuck Nice?

  The speed.

• 8:46Bill Nye?

  At which we're warming the world is the problem. Speed.

• 8:48Chuck Nice?

  So now, one of the things, and I, you know, listen, uh, guys, for those of you who are, uh, on the phone, please hold. I see that, uh...

• 8:55Bill Nye?

  Oh, it's lighting up.

• 8:56Chuck Nice?

  Lighting up. We've, we've got lines lighting up and we're gonna get to...

• 8:59Bill Nye?

  They're blinking.

• 9:00Chuck Nice?

  We're gonna get to every one of your calls. So, uh, but I just wanted to establish a couple of things with Bill, one of which is, um, the measurement of greenhouse gases in the air, uh, in the atmosphere. Um, people are like...

• 9:16Chuck Nice?

  Well, how do we know? You know, how do we know that there's so much more of this so-called gas in the air? I mean, seriously, if you're so smart, how do we know? So, go ahead, how do we know?

• 9:30Bill Nye?

  Well, what you do is the traditional way. You can, nowadays, there's means to detect carbon dioxide directly with infrared light. So you beam it through the air and carbon dioxide, it gets, resonates, vibrates at a certain frequency and you detect the fraction.

• 9:49Chuck Nice?

  You just detect the fraction right there, directly.

• 9:51Bill Nye?

  But you can, for you go to a company that liquefies air, which is very common. Liquid nitrogen is the, I believe, is the most common industrial chemical. Liquid nitrogen, it might be ammonia, but anyway, it's very common. It's cheaper than gasoline because they take air and freeze it and it turns to, or get it very cold, rather, and it turns to a liquid and then you can, it becomes a parfait and you can see where the, how much carbon dioxide.

• 10:17Chuck Nice?

  See how much carbon dioxide is in there.

• 10:18Bill Nye?

  This is not rocket surgery, but it is science. It is technology, it's complicated, but we understand it very well.

• 10:26Chuck Nice?

  Okay, so now that brings me to the next question, okay? And then I'm gonna get out of the way and start letting other people ask you questions, but I think it's important. So now that's how we know what's in the air. How do we know that there's so much more of this in the air?

• 10:41Bill Nye?

  Oh, oh, oh. So, watch the film, everybody, Bill Nye Science Guide. It's at the Sunset Landmark Theater this weekend here in New York, New York. The towns are nice. They named it twice. So, what is a very compelling way to measure the composition of the ancient atmosphere is to go to the ice.

• 11:02Chuck Nice?

  Uh huh.

• 11:02Bill Nye?

  So, people go by people, scientists, climate scientists.

• 11:07Bill Nye?

  Go to the ice in Antarctica and Greenland, uh, sometimes I guess Siberia.

• 11:13Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 11:13Bill Nye?

  Drill down, down, down through the ice and you, with a hollow drill bit.

• 11:18Chuck Nice?

  Hmm.

• 11:19Bill Nye?

  And by hollow, it's the diameter of, um, of a saucepan lid.

• 11:25Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 11:25Bill Nye?

  I guess it's, um, twenty centimeters in diameter and you pull up a cylinder of ice.

• 11:31Chuck Nice?

  Mm-hmm.

• 11:32Bill Nye?

  A big.

• 11:33Chuck Nice?

  A big tube.

• 11:33Bill Nye?

  Ice stick.

• 11:34Chuck Nice?

  Ice stick.

• 11:35Bill Nye?

  Well, not tube.

• 11:36Chuck Nice?

  Well, the tube would be empty, so it's a solid cylinder of ice.

• 11:39Bill Nye?

  Cylinder of ice and you, it's very straightforward, especially if you, if you get your head just right and look at it carefully, you can see the layers of snow and they're just like tree rings or analogous to tree rings. Every year it snows, uh, you get a layer every, um, every season, there's layers and you can count the layers and they've counted back now six hundred and fifty thousand years or so.

• 12:04Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 12:05Bill Nye?

  And then when you find that layer of ice, sixty-five, six hundred and fifty thousand layers down, you know that that was ice from six hundred and fifty thousand years ago. And they, even when it's frozen, as you, if, when you watch the movie Jim White from University of Colorado explains, even when it's frozen, it's ten percent air.

• 12:25Chuck Nice?

  Uh-huh.

• 12:25Bill Nye?

  So you can carefully analyze that, uh, either by shaving it or melting it and assaying, as they say, keeping track of the gas and you can determine the composition of the ancient atmosphere. And that, look, everybody, what would you be doing right now if you weren't listening to StarTalk? You'd be watching CSI Poughkeepsie. Do they have that?

• 12:48Chuck Nice?

  Uh, yeah, it comes on right after Law and Order Elevator Unit.

• 12:52Bill Nye?

  Yeah, yeah. So anyway, there's a lot of CSI's and that's a show based on science, based on inferring what happened at a crime scene on, based on evidence.

• 13:03Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 13:04Bill Nye?

  So, uh, this is the same kind of thing. When you find. The the bubbles of atmosphere in the ancient ice, you're looking at the ancient atmosphere. There's nobody running around in Greenland with a hypodermic needle a mile under the surface squirting bubbles into ice. And it's not, I mean, this is it. When you find these bubbles, these chemicals, that is the composition of the ancient snow and the ancient atmosphere. The ancient, the atmosphere gets trapped between tines of snowflakes.

• 13:33Chuck Nice?

  Uh huh.

• 13:34Bill Nye?

  And then as it gets crushed down, the the air literally dissolves into the solid ice. It's fabulous. You know, as this Danish professor acquaintance of mine says, when you're standing on the ice, you're standing on a mineral near its melting point. Ice is a mineral. It's a very cool way of thinking about it.

• 13:55Chuck Nice?

  That is a very cool way of thinking about it.

• 13:56Bill Nye?

  Yeah, yeah. Because you think of minerals, you think of rocks.

• 13:57Chuck Nice?

  Yes, going way down deep and drilling them.

• 14:00Bill Nye?

  He's right. It's a mineral that's, when it's at, you know, minus 20 Celsius, it's pretty close to its melting point of zero Celsius.

• 14:07Chuck Nice?

  Sweet. All right, man. So it sounds to me like this is pretty much science that's settled.

• 14:12Bill Nye?

  Well, it's settled in the scientific community, yeah.

• 14:15Chuck Nice?

  Oh, okay. All right. Well, then, you know, then, then, then let's explore whether or not it's settled with our callers. Why don't we go to the phone and take Skylar, who is calling from San Francisco. Skylar, how's it going?

• 14:27Speaker 04

  I'm doing great. Thank you for taking my call. And Mr. Nye, it's a pleasure to speak to you.

• 14:33Bill Nye?

  Uh, greetings. Are you a member of the Planetary Society? Is that what I'm seeing there?

• 14:39Speaker 04

  I'm an honorary member of Planetary Society. I visited it last month in doing research for a science fiction novel that I'm writing.

• 14:50Bill Nye?

  Oh, good.

• 14:51Speaker 04

  And your work with the solar sails was very important to me because in my book, I use those and.

• 15:04Bill Nye?

  So a solar sail, everybody, is a spacecraft with a big shiny sheet that's so low mass, Chuck.

• 15:11Chuck Nice?

  Yes.

• 15:11Bill Nye?

  How low mass is it?

• 15:13Chuck Nice?

  Eh.

• 15:13Bill Nye?

  It's so low mass that sunlight gives it a push. And you say, well, light has no mass. How can it have any momentum? It does. Light is pure energy and it has momentum. And this is a consequence either of classical physics, pointing, vectors and so on, or relativity. You get the same answer. So this is, these ideas have been around about making solar sail spacecraft for decades.

• 15:38Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 15:38Bill Nye?

  And the planetary, Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, did it. And now the planetary society has done it to citizen-funded spacecraft. Very cool.

• 15:48Chuck Nice?

  Mm-hmm. Yeah.

• 15:49Speaker 04

  I really wanted to thank you and your team for the fabulous work that you do and for allowing me the pleasure of picking your guys' brain. You guys are fabulous. Thank you.

• 16:01Bill Nye?

  Thank you, Skylar. Carry on. Thank you for your support of the planetary society.

• 16:07Chuck Nice?

  We'll be returning in just one second. Stay tuned. More of Bill Nye when we return.

• 16:20Chuck Nice?

  Um, this is a special live StarTalk Radio with Bill Nye, the Science Guy! Right here in studio. I love you, man.

• 16:29Bill Nye?

  Thank you, Chuck!

• 16:33Chuck Nice?

  All right, let us, hey, Mark, Mark actually has a question. Mark is calling us from Fredericksburg, Virginia. Mark, how are you this afternoon? Say hello to Bill Nye.

• 16:42Speaker 05

  Great. Hi, Bill. I've always wondered about the rotation of the moon causing it to always show us its same surface. But if it rotated at a different speed, we would have deduced that we were a globe thousands of years earlier than maybe we ended up agreeing. I was wondering, is the rotation slowing down, speeding up? Will a million years, we see different parts of the moon from the earth?

• 17:13Bill Nye?

  Well, you're taking my word for it, but first of all, the moon and the earth are what they call in gravitational lock. So the moon rotates one time for every single time it goes around the earth, but it wobbles a little. So we actually see uh 10%, 15% more of the this side of the moon than the far side. It's interesting little thing. And the moon is moving away from the earth. It's not spiraling in, it's spiraling away. So in the coming millennia, you would expect uh to have it smaller in the sky.

• 17:50Chuck Nice?

  Ah.

• 17:51Bill Nye?

  But there's no hurry on this. Uh, it won't change much in our lifetime. And by the way, or BT dubs, as the kids.

• 18:00Chuck Nice?

  BT dubs.

• 18:00Bill Nye?

  The kids say.

• 18:01Chuck Nice?

  Oh.

• 18:02Bill Nye?

  The ancient Greeks knew that the earth was round because they saw the shadow of the earth on the moon during uh an lunar eclipse.

• 18:10Chuck Nice?

  Lunar eclipse.

• 18:11Bill Nye?

  And so they inferred, they realized that the only shape that always makes a curved shadow is a ball. So the ancient Greeks did not have any flat earth notion. That's unique to the last couple of months.

• 18:23Chuck Nice?

  It's so, yeah, I was gonna say, it's a kind of a new development and uh, what do you think about that? Where does that come?

• 18:29Bill Nye?

  Hey, flat earth guy.

• 18:30Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 18:31Bill Nye?

  Go to the edge and take a picture and send it back, send, and put it on the electric internet. We'll all see you're the edge of your flat earth. Dude, it's a ball.

• 18:41Chuck Nice?

  Stop it.

• 18:42Bill Nye?

  You've got pictures, get over it.

• 18:43Chuck Nice?

  Get over it.

• 18:44Bill Nye?

  There's this, you can go any direction on a ball and not fall off. That's the nature of balls.

• 18:51Chuck Nice?

  Which, yes, uh, yes, and I love the way you phrased it too. Uh, let me, before you say anything, wait, uh, because Bill brought up flat earth and you do something on your show that was, for me, the best um, ex- uh, example of why the earth is round ever. You took a small mechanical boat on a track.

• 19:14Bill Nye?

  Uh, HO railroad track.

• 19:15Chuck Nice?

  Uh, HO railroad.

• 19:16Bill Nye?

  Put a boat on it.

• 19:17Chuck Nice?

  You put a boat on it. And then you showed it going over the horizon and.

• 19:24Bill Nye?

  We had a curved track.

• 19:25Chuck Nice?

  A curved track.

• 19:26Bill Nye?

  Curved uh, uh, concave down. That is to say, uh, the middle was a hill.

• 19:32Chuck Nice?

  Right. And it mimicked the sunset perfectly, or a boat going over the horizon perfectly.

• 19:39Bill Nye?

  So this is the, when I was brought up with this myth, that's, it's very reasonable. Columbus and his contemporaries observed ships going over the horizon and disappearing and coming back, and he realized it must be a ball. Right. They didn't really, apparently didn't really have a handle on gravity and why it was possible, but the ocean and the air and you and I and the ships are all held on the earth's surface by gravity. That the air and the ocean is held on by gravity is kind of a step in thought. Yeah. But there it is. That's it. Here we are. Hey Mark, thanks a lot, man. Thanks for calling in.

• 20:17Speaker 05

  Uh, did Joe actually, Joe Bostardi, as others may, did he actually make a prediction that the coastal weather was gonna be getting so much worse that insurance companies stopped selling policies?

• 20:27Bill Nye?

  Joe Bostardi? Uh, I don't think he made that prediction, no, but you, uh, I'm not sure, but Joe Bostardi, um, uh, would not take the following two bets. I offered him $10,000, had a giant check printed at a company, I don't, I don't get any kickbacks, it's, I think it's called BigCheck.com. BigCheck.com? Yeah. Oh, okay. For all your Big Check needs. And they, people have Big Check needs. That's right. Anyway, I offered him $10,000 that 2016 would be the hottest year on record, and that the decade 2010-2020 would be the hottest decade so far. He would not take either bet. He wouldn't take either bet. And then he came back, um, with this very complex thing about one and a half

• 21:11Bill Nye?

  degrees if there's an R in the month or something, I, it's a very, it was, due respect to Mr. Bostardi, it was confusing counterproposal that I would, had nothing to do with my first two offers. Anyway, neither he nor Mark Moreno would take these bets, so I was willing to spend $40,000 of my own money with these guys, but neither of them would take either bet. Very reasonable that 2017 will not quite be as warm as 2016 because the El Nino, the warming water, the warm water in the Pacific is not as warm as it, as this year as it was last year. However... There's so much carbon dioxide being put in the atmosphere so fast. 2017 may still be 2016. Oh, it's exciting.

• 21:54Chuck Nice?

  It is.

• 21:54Bill Nye?

  In a grim creepy way.

• 21:56Chuck Nice?

  Looks like we got a little horse race happening. Hmm, alright. Okay, horse race of death. I love it. Hey, let's move on. Hey Mark, thanks again. And uh, let's drop down to Troy, or Tony in Queens, which definitely must be here in New York City. And he has a question about, um, what does that say?

• 22:16Bill Nye?

  An article about volcanic eruptions. Who doesn't love volcanic eruptions?

• 22:21Speaker 06

  Thank you very much for taking my call, Bill. It's a pleasure talking with you and Chuck Nice. And yes, my question is regarding that article, um, from the Edinburgh University. Um, it's been called the largest volcanic region below the Arctic, um, ice sheet. I would like to know, what's your take? Uh, how does this factor into climate change?

• 22:45Chuck Nice?

  Bill, before you say anything, let me just tell you, Tony, that with your accent, the way you say "ice sheet" is my favorite phrase in the world now. Thank you. Go ahead.

• 22:55Bill Nye?

  In the world. And Chuck's got a lot of phrases that he really likes. I can tell you from experience. But, uh, so if there's a volcano under the ice, you would presume that it would warm.

• 23:08Speaker 06

  Uh, there are many.

• 23:09Bill Nye?

  Yeah, yeah. Let's call it volcanism. Nice correction. Thank you. Under the ice, uh, that would make, uh, the ice sheet slide down faster. Cause it would make, uh, the bottom of the ice sheet either soft or even liquid. Liquid water. And that would accelerate the ice sliding off the Antarctic into the ocean, which would exacerbate sea level rise. Uh, so, um, it's another amazing, fascinating thing that we discover by sending scientists to Antarctica. And this is a perfect analog for me. Why you want to one day send scientists to Mars. Cause they make discoveries by being there that you don't make otherwise.

• 23:50Bill Nye?

  And I'm sure that this discovery's been backed up by satellites, by space assets. And the same will be true on Mars. So, uh, having the ice sheet slide into the ocean is, is gonna raise sea levels. And, uh, we have Miami, Pensacola, Galveston, Houston, here in the United States, let alone all the developing world countries where the seaports are much more vulnerable.

• 24:14Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 24:16Chuck Nice?

  It's I love this. I mean, seriously, this is almost as good as a bedtime story, which I we should tell to my kids. Uh, hey, Tony, thanks a lot, man. And, uh, um, keep saying ice sheets, please.

• 24:27Bill Nye?

  The difference between an ice sheet and a glacier, if you're scoring along with us.

• 24:30Chuck Nice?

  Let's go ahead.

• 24:31Bill Nye?

  Generally, an ice sheet is sliding on ice. So it's a ice is sliding on water. Whereas a glacier is generally ice sliding on rocks, on soil, yeah.

• 24:40Chuck Nice?

  Excellent. Cool.

• 24:41Bill Nye?

  Generally.

• 24:43Chuck Nice?

  Hey, uh, I'm gonna go ahead and David from California says he has a question about GMOs. Now, David, I'm going to preface your question by saying this. Anybody who's calling in to ask Bill whether or not he is on Monsanto's payroll, or whether or not he is receiving any money from third-party outside sources to say anything about GMOs. I can tell you right now, I've already asked him that, and the answer is no. And then I'll let Bill tell you how he came to, uh, his conclusions about GMOs.

• 25:16Bill Nye?

  Before we start, what is David's question?

• 25:17Chuck Nice?

  Yes, I'm just saying, I'm prefacing that, but I'm gonna let you take it from there, David.

• 25:23Speaker 07

  Hey, how's it going, you guys? Thank you so much for talking with me.

• 25:25Chuck Nice?

  Of course.

• 25:26Speaker 07

  Um, so my only question is, uh, I'm not sure if Bill is familiar with methyl bromide.

• 25:35Bill Nye?

  I mean, for detecting carbon dioxide?

• 25:38Speaker 07

  Um, I know it's like a, it's a huge ingredient in fungicides.

• 25:42Bill Nye?

  Oh, that could be, yeah, yeah.

• 25:45Speaker 07

  Yeah.

• 25:45Bill Nye?

  So fungicides, go ahead.

• 25:47Speaker 07

  Yeah, I'm just wanna be an inspiring farmer. And I know that majority of the big agriculture fields that have GMO crops are usually roundup-ready.

• 25:59Bill Nye?

  That was a big, that was a breakthrough, yeah.

• 26:01Speaker 07

  Yeah. Um, my only question is, like, I'm not sure if you're familiar with, uh, Dr. Paul Stamen.

• 26:06Bill Nye?

  So what's your question?

• 26:08Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 26:09Speaker 07

  Yeah, I just don't understand how you can be a proponent of GMOs when usually those are just able, like, the only reason those are around is to spray more chemicals into the soil.

• 26:19Chuck Nice?

  So you're, are you saying, are you saying that methyl bromide is bad for the ecology because it's a fumigation, um, uh, agent that they use and, and is, is that what you're saying?

• 26:30Speaker 07

  Yeah, and it destroys the ozone layer, which ultimately is like, attributes to climate change.

• 26:35Bill Nye?

  So you're a farmer and it's all about money.

• 26:39Speaker 07

  Uh, Kind of, it's more about feeding people.

• 26:41Bill Nye?

  Okay, but you can't do it, you can't do it and lose money every season, right?

• 26:47Speaker 07

  No.

• 26:48Bill Nye?

  My experience with this is ge- ge- genetically modified crops are a tool that many farmers embrace and the breakthrough or the whole thing started with cotton. They found a way to put a gene in the cotton that boevels could not tolerate. And so the cotton plants thrived instead of being denuded by boevels. Corn and soybeans, uh, corn was attacked by the European corn boer, an u- an invasive species that came, they believe, to the US on the straws of brooms for sweeping the floor. And, uh, so they found, uh, the, uh, the seed companies

• 27:32Bill Nye?

  found a way to put the Bacillus thuringiensis gene in the corn. So that, uh, instead of spraying it on, many organic farmers use BT spray. Uh, this, this bacterium, uh, when, if a corn boer eat it, eats it, it causes the corn, I believe the corn protein, uh, to form a crystal in the tummy of the caterpillar and the caterpillar can't live there. So, uh, they put this in the corn and it, uh, revolutionized the industry because they were able then also, after this technology was developed, instead of, Spraying for weeds, they could use glyphosate, which goes by the brand name of Roundup.

• 28:18Bill Nye?

  And glyphosate is unique in that it breaks down in six weeks. Many other pesticides, or herbicides rather, stick around for much longer than that. So GMOs are not the silver bullet. They will not answer all problems, but many farmers have had success with the, putting the BT gene in the plant rather than spraying it on. So, nobody wants to overuse pesticides for two reasons. First of all, as you pointed out, it's potentially very bad for us, for the environment. The other thing, it costs money. The more you spray, the more money you're spending.

• 28:53Chuck Nice?

  And, and-

• 28:54Bill Nye?

  Now, one last thing-

• 28:55Chuck Nice?

  Go ahead.

• 28:56Bill Nye?

  That he made, David made a comment about.

• 28:59Chuck Nice?

  Yes.

• 29:01Bill Nye?

  Farmers in, in large-scale farms, farms of all sizes, prefer to get the latest seed. They want the newest seed because people are working very hard to develop more palatable, more nutritious crops.

• 29:18Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 29:19Bill Nye?

  Where you, I mean, just anecdotally, I remember as a kid how far apart corn stalks could be planted compared with how far apart they could be planted now.

• 29:27Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 29:28Bill Nye?

  And they're much closer together than they used to be because of advances in breeding and this genetic modification technology. So, my experience is farmers want the newest seed. Keeping last year's seed actually makes you fall behind. You're less competitive with other farmers. Two more things to keep in mind. Farming is not really natural. If you stop farming, the forest or whatever it is-

• 29:54Chuck Nice?

  It'll just grow wild.

• 29:55Bill Nye?

  The prairie takes over.

• 29:56Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, it just goes crazy.

• 29:57Bill Nye?

  We have 7.4 billion people in the world. Pretty soon, we're gonna have nine, 10, and 11, 10 billion people in the world. They're all gonna wanna eat something.

• 30:05Chuck Nice?

  Not if I have anything to do with it. I'm talking to you, little rocket man. All right, sorry.

• 30:11Bill Nye?

  Thank you, Chuck. Mr. Chuck Addent. So, these things are all important to keep in mind. Now, if, as I say all the time, if consumers want organic products-

• 30:24Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 30:25Bill Nye?

  Then that will be, the free market, the market will-

• 30:30Bill Nye?

  Take care of that. People, farmers will raise organic crops instead of some other style of crop, and they will be prosperous. So, as we did the Netflix show, Bill Nye Saves the World, we had a woman who's been, she says she's a ninth generation farmer from Iowa.

• 30:47Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 30:48Bill Nye?

  The, Rob Fraley, who won the World Food Prize for putting the, um, gene in cotton that enabled Bo Weevils to not eat it, uh, not destroy it. And we had the guy from the Department of Agriculture who studies the economics of genetically modified crops versus standard or old style crops. And he said, the guy from the Department of Agriculture said, it's not that much of an advantage. Like, it's a push. It's a farmer's choice whether to go this way or that way. But the future is going to be more food for more people. You, David the farmer, make the decisions that, uh, you feel best about.

• 31:28Chuck Nice?

  All right, David, uh, we're up against a break, but, uh, did that sufficiently answer your question? I don't, I don't want to steamroll you here. I just want to make sure that we have a real discourse. What's happening?

• 31:39Speaker 07

  Yeah, it's, it just remotely answered it. Um, but I know you guys are on a timeline, so I'll let you guys go.

• 31:44Chuck Nice?

  Well, we appreciate your patience, and hopefully we'll get a chance to do this again, and maybe you guys can talk some more.

• 31:48Bill Nye?

  Carry on.

• 31:49Chuck Nice?

  Carry on. So what we're going to do right now is take a very brief, uh, break, and, uh, remember, this is a special live StarTalk Radio with none other than Bill Nye. We'll be back very shortly.

• 32:29Chuck Nice?

  Indeed it is StarTalk Radio Live. I'm Chuck Nice, and I'm sitting here with none other than Bill Nye.

• 32:34Bill Nye?

  Oh, yes, I am here with Chuck. I am he, I am Bill.

• 32:37Chuck Nice?

  And this is weird for you, because normally, you're the guy who, you've done radio for god knows how long.

• 32:43Bill Nye?

  Uh, well.

• 32:44Chuck Nice?

  I shouldn't say it like that.

• 32:45Bill Nye?

  Several decades.

• 32:46Chuck Nice?

  Several decades, you know. But, uh, it's kinda cool that, uh, I'm sitting here doing radio, actual live radio with Bill Nye.

• 32:53Bill Nye?

  I love radio. The most visual medium.

• 32:54Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 32:55Bill Nye?

  Look at that rocket.

• 32:57Chuck Nice?

  Shhh.

• 32:59Bill Nye?

  Here comes a steamboat.

• 33:04Bill Nye?

  How about that?

• 33:05Chuck Nice?

  So for those of you speaking of visual mediums, uh, Bill just got sexy for us. Took off the bowtie and the jacket. And so, uh...

• 33:13Bill Nye?

  We're stopping there though Chuck, just some information.

• 33:15Chuck Nice?

  I'm so damn disappointed.

• 33:17Bill Nye?

  No you're not. Lead on, let's take a question.

• 33:19Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, let's lead on. We'll, uh, and, uh, I'm actually gonna take a Facebook Live question. Um, this is from Skipper Coats who says, "Hello Bill, I'm a science educator. In your opinion, would you like to see teachers focusing on teaching the facts of climate instability? Or should we shift our focus to engineering solutions?" Oh, that's interesting because our current Secretary of State believes that we'll engineer our way out of this problem. So that's a great question.

• 33:45Bill Nye?

  Uh, so, wh- what we wanna do is, as I like to say, everything all at once. So we want to reduce emissions and develop new technologies. Now, keep in mind everyone, uh, that, uh, e- even if you're a vegetarian, I, I got it, but you're familiar with this phenomenon, there's a roast in the oven and you turn the oven off, the roast continues to cook for a while, the heat continues to move from the outside to the inside, uh, spreading inward. And so, there's a certain amount of climate, uh, of warming that's, as we say, baked in, uh, we're irreversible into the atmosphere right now. So what we wanna do is reduce our emissions to slow that, and then we want to develop

• 34:30Bill Nye?

  new technologies to, uh, to provide three things. Clean water, renewably produced, reliable electricity, and then access to the internet, or whatever the internet comes to be called in the coming decades. With those three things, we could save the world for humankind. You know, the earth's gonna be here no matter what we do, we, I wanna save it for me.

• 34:55Chuck Nice?

  I like your plan, Bill. I like your plan.

• 35:00Bill Nye?

  So, uh, we wanna teach both, uh, in school. We wanna teach why climate change is happening, the greenhouse effect, and humans' proclivities for burning fossil fuels, and the chemis- a little bit of the chemistry of carbon. It's buried, we're gonna unbury it, combine it with oxygen, make carbon oxide, which makes the world warm. And then we want to talk about the engineering solutions which involve wind, solar, solar energy, a little bit of geothermal energy, a little bit of tidal energy. With those things, we could change the world. Don't shut down existing nuclear plants.

• 35:34Chuck Nice?

  Mm-hmm.

• 35:34Bill Nye?

  And for the nuclear people proponents, I'm open-minded, of course. But just getting a nuclear plant license takes fifteen or twenty years. People just don't want it, whether it's great or not.

• 35:47Chuck Nice?

  Doesn't make a difference.

• 35:47Bill Nye?

  Well, it's a pill. It's just a hard thing to get done.

• 35:50Chuck Nice?

  And for some communities, it's just a political poison pill, so forget it.

• 35:54Bill Nye?

  Yes, yes.

• 35:55Chuck Nice?

  All right, let's move on to, I have to ask this question from Facebook Live. And this is Mark Ostrom, who says this. So Bill, what happened after you walked into that elevator full of party girls?

• 36:08Bill Nye?

  Uh, nothing. So for those of you who didn't see this video on the electric internet.

• 36:14Chuck Nice?

  It's awesome.

• 36:15Bill Nye?

  I was in Las Vegas doing "Life is Beautiful", which is a concert, in fact, it was a week before the

• 36:23Chuck Nice?

  The tragedy.

• 36:23Bill Nye?

  Shooting, yeah, oh man. Uh, that aside, the elevator door opened and there were four women dancing. I think the modern verb is twerking. Is that, is that a verb?

• 36:33Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, yeah, that'd work.

• 36:34Bill Nye?

  Now, I, as you know, am not a woman and I'm not young anymore.

• 36:39Chuck Nice?

  But you do twerk very often.

• 36:41Bill Nye?

  I'm young at heart.

• 36:41Chuck Nice?

  Mm-hmm.

• 36:42Bill Nye?

  But I'm not sure what the motive was. So their face, their backs are to the elevator doors.

• 36:47Chuck Nice?

  Right.

• 36:48Bill Nye?

  Doors open for women and I won't say matching, but thematically similar swimsuits. Black and white swimsuits. And then they realized it was Uncle Bill. And they, they sort of stopped in their tracks. But I, I'm just not clear on what the activity they were involved in was to start with. So they're watching themselves in the reflective surface of the

• 37:10Chuck Nice?

  Yes, that's what they're doing. They're watching themselves, recording themselves in the mirror.

• 37:13Bill Nye?

  Right. But are they, are we aware that in the Las Vegas elevator, virtually any modern elevator, there's a camera watching you anyway?

• 37:22Chuck Nice?

  Yes.

• 37:22Bill Nye?

  So there's some person there in the security camera department.

• 37:26Chuck Nice?

  Monitoring.

• 37:26Bill Nye?

  Stroking his or her chin. So anyway.

• 37:30Chuck Nice?

  Yes. Is that what we're calling it now?

• 37:32Bill Nye?

  Well, somebody was wondering, well, maybe it's common. I was unfamiliar with this activity. But I, I, I, my relationship to these ladies, I believe, would be avuncular.

• 37:43Chuck Nice?

  Okay.

• 37:44Bill Nye?

  Having the characteristics of or pertaining to.

• 37:47Chuck Nice?

  That may be your relationship to them, but their relationship to you was not. And they knew exactly who you were and they were like, oh my God.

• 37:53Bill Nye?

  And so I just, you know, I said, greetings, ladies, uh, carry on.

• 37:57Chuck Nice?

  Yeah.

• 37:58Bill Nye?

  Uh, enjoy your time here. Uh, it looks like you're headed to the pool. Have a lovely, uh, afternoon.

• 38:03Chuck Nice?

  Fantastic.

• 38:04Bill Nye?

  Not much happened beyond that.

• 38:06Chuck Nice?

  Fantastic.

• 38:07Bill Nye?

  But it was fascinating to me that everybody, I was in Australia. And newscasters asked me about this video in a few seconds of video.

• 38:17Chuck Nice?

  It went viral.

• 38:18Bill Nye?

  I know, I know. But it wasn't any doing of mine, people. I just played the, I just, the door opened. I played the hand I was dealt. I pushed my floor button and encouraged them to, uh,

• 38:27Chuck Nice?

  Continue, carry on.

• 38:28Bill Nye?

  Carry on.

• 38:29Chuck Nice?

  All right. Fantastic. So listen, let me just let you guys know. So Eric and Will and Rob, uh, we're going to get to you and Lupe, hopefully we'll get to you and Mike as well. So let's, uh, let's continue with our special live StarTalk Radio with Bill Nye and go to Eric in Illinois, who wants to know what, Eric?

• 38:47Speaker 08

  Well, first, uh, I want to thank Bill for, uh, inspiring me as a, as a young person to go into science and, uh, go through it all the way through college. Uh, I was actually a high school science teacher for a while.

• 38:58Bill Nye?

  Right on. Thank you for your service.

• 39:02Speaker 08

  Oh, uh, you're very welcome. So, uh, my question is, um, what can everyday people do to combat climate change?

• 39:10Bill Nye?

  Well, what I used to say was vote. Voting is the most important thing we can do, uh, to establish new policies, new regulations that we need. Now, regulations, everybody, are now perfectly analogous to a machine. This is to say, if you, the machine to do whatever it's going to do, you want it to have all the parts it needs, but no more. You don't want it to have any extra parts and you also don't want it to not have enough parts. It won't work. So when it comes to regulations, we want all the regulations we need and no more. And so, uh, voting is how regulations are established. Now, of course, yes, of course. Uh, it's great to not throw away recyclable water bottles.

• 39:54Bill Nye?

  Do you drive an electric, do you own a car? Eric?

• 39:58Speaker 08

  I do. It's a company vehicle. I've suggested for years that they switch to a, you know, hybrids or electric vehicles.

• 40:05Bill Nye?

  Anyway, after you have an electric car, you'll never go back. Do you own a house?

• 40:09Speaker 08

  I do.

• 40:10Bill Nye?

  So, the single biggest thing you can do to save energy is to replace the windows with modern windows. It's a very expensive bunch of messing around.

• 40:21Chuck Nice?

  But Bill, it pays for itself.

• 40:23Bill Nye?

  It does pay for itself, surprisingly quickly, less than 10 years. And so, 10 years, I know for your young person, it sounds like a long time, but in home owning, it's sort of a day at the office. And the whole thing that's surprising to everybody until you stop and think about it is, everything every single one of us does affects everyone on earth.

• 40:44Chuck Nice?

  Wait a minute.

• 40:45Bill Nye?

  Because we all share the air. There is nobody that you're going to interact with actively who's not breathing.

• 40:53Chuck Nice?

  Who's not breathing this stuff.

• 40:54Bill Nye?

  And so, every time you can conserve, or not put carbon dioxide or unburned methane in the atmosphere, that's good for everyone on earth. So, literally turn out the lights in the room when you're not in it. That's a real thing.

• 41:12Chuck Nice?

  That's a real thing.

• 41:13Bill Nye?

  If everybody turns out every light that doesn't need to be on, we would probably have a substantial, I'm going to say, shooting from the hip, four times as much electricity for free, if we did that one thing.

• 41:25Chuck Nice?

  It's the coral approach. The coral approach.

• 41:28Bill Nye?

  The coral approach.

• 41:29Chuck Nice?

  Yeah, it's tiny, tiny little creatures.

• 41:31Bill Nye?

  Little zoas and thelli.

• 41:33Chuck Nice?

  Zoas and thelli.

• 41:33Bill Nye?

  Doing their coral thing.

• 41:35Chuck Nice?

  That's right.

• 41:35Bill Nye?

  And then you've got a giant reef.

• 41:37Chuck Nice?

  That's right, collectively.

• 41:38Bill Nye?

  A huge reef.

• 41:39Chuck Nice?

  But every one of them, just tiny little.

• 41:41Bill Nye?

  Tiny, tiny, tiny corals.

• 41:43Chuck Nice?

  Doing their thing.

• 41:44Bill Nye?

  Making little shells.

• 41:45Chuck Nice?

  What are we building? We should build something.

• 41:49Chuck Nice?

  Alright, let's move on, uh, because we're running out of time, we are up against it, and let's go to, uh, Rob from Ontario, Canada, who wants to know what. Rob, say hello to Bill.

• 41:58Speaker 09

  Hey Bill, how's it going? I grew up watching your show, huge fan.

• 42:02Bill Nye?

  Uh, TV Ontario?

• 42:04Speaker 09

  Yeah, yeah.

• 42:04Bill Nye?

  The crawl space with Kevin and Patty?

• 42:06Speaker 09

  We have a lot to do on the internet here in Canada now.

• 42:07Bill Nye?

  Give 'em my best. Anyway, you have a question about, uh, global warming?

• 42:12Speaker 09

  Yeah, so, uh, just as, uh, some context, so there's been a lot of documentaries recently regarding, uh, animal agriculture and, uh, contribute, contribution of methane gas to the atmosphere. And I'm just curious, uh, if you can clarify, what is the more significant, uh, contributor to global warming, uh, methane or carbon dioxide?

• 42:32Bill Nye?

  Oh, it's, you guys, due respect, methane is more powerful as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, but there's much, much, much, much more carbon dioxide than methane. So, uh, I'm not saying that animal husbandry or, um, agriculture isn't a significant, uh, contributor to global climate change, but if you're asking this or that, carbon dioxide's the big one. This is, you guys, this, I don't make this rule, that's just how it is, everybody. And, um, if you watch the film, Bill Nye, Science Guy, which I had no creative control over, you can see Dr. Jim White from the University of Colorado, who points out that greenhouse gases are warming the world, that's what they do, that's all they do, that's

• 43:13Bill Nye?

  what he says. And he also goes on to say that he believes in God, and he's, uh, very deeply religious guy, but nevertheless, carbon dioxide and methane cause, uh, keep the world warmer than it would be without them.

• 43:30Chuck Nice?

  So there you have it. Okay?

• 43:32Speaker 09

  Alright, thank you.

• 43:32Chuck Nice?

  Hey, Rob, I mean, um, Rob, thank you so much. Uh, let's go to Lupe in Texas, who wants to know about education. Lupe, say hello to Bill Nye.

• 43:40Speaker 10

  Hello, Mr. Knight. What is it gonna take? Because I see like our state here in Texas where the educational system is really going away from science. But, I mean, all the problems we create for ourselves here on this planet, I know we can solve them through science and conservation, but without, how we, how do we get to the point where we're actually applying that versus just talking about it?

• 44:04Bill Nye?

  Well, first of all, you listen to StarTalk. I think that's the most important thing you could, I'm kidding. (laughing) No, but raising, raising awareness is really important. And I, I, as I say all the time, if you want to do something about climate change, I'm not kidding, everybody, if we were talking about it, if we were talking about it the way we talk about the president's tweets, or we talk about whatever became of these soldiers in Niger, if we were talking about climate change the way we talk about those issues, or the latest thing with Hollywood and the interaction of men and women there, if we were talking about climate change the way we talk about those things, we'd be getting

• 44:49Bill Nye?

  her done. We'd be getting her done. Getting her done. And so, this is an opportunity, you guys, to raise awareness. And if you have people in your life, I can imagine in Texas especially, you have people who don't want to accept the reality or consequence of climate change, ask them why? Why don't you believe that? What makes you think the evidence from the ice cores, what just happened with Hurricane Harvey and all this are not, or Irma are not real and dangerous things? What, what is it that, that gets you, that makes you think this isn't happening? So, everybody, the evidence scientifically is overwhelming.

• 45:31Bill Nye?

  We just have this extraordinary circumstance where the fossil fuel industry has been successful in introducing the idea That plus or minus 2% is somehow the same as plus or minus 100%. So, talk about it Lupe, talk about it with your friends.

• 45:47Chuck Nice?

  Get out there Lupe.

• 45:48Bill Nye?

  Save the world.

• 45:48Chuck Nice?

  There you go, get out there and be safe Lupe. So listen, here's what I'm gonna do here because we are up against the end of it.

• 45:53Bill Nye?

  Is it the lightning round?

• 45:54Chuck Nice?

  It's not even a lightning round, so uh, here's what I'm going to do. Uh, Will, you grew up with Bill, you've been waiting for him for uh, to, for 27 minutes. Just say hello to Bill Nye for me, Will? Will, are you there? Will? I'm here, I'm here. Just say hello to Bill, I don't have time for your question, just say hello to Bill, please. Ah. Sorry buddy. Okay.

• 46:13Bill Nye?

  Well here's what's happened, Will, you grew up watching my show, what do I recommend to kids today? There's all bunch of people emerging on the internet uh, that are doing the same sort of thing.

• 46:24Chuck Nice?

  Ah.

• 46:25Bill Nye?

  Uh, Derek Muller, uh, Physics Girl Diana Cowan, Space Gal Emily Calendrelli, and ASAP Science, those people are emerging, uh, filling the role that the Science Guy Show filled in a different media era, take it Chuck.

• 46:39Chuck Nice?

  Fantastic, and listen, Mike from Long, and thank you Will, and thank you for your patience in holding. Mike, you've been holding for a long time too, and uh, please, say hello to Bill, you cannot ask your question, but say hello to Bill.

• 46:49Bill Nye?

  Hey, Bill, how are you? What do I think people, why do I think people don't accept scientific truths? We're chipping away, look how popular StarTalk is. Turn it up loud, everyone!

• 46:59Chuck Nice?

  There you go, Mike, thanks for hanging in there and being so patient, we really appreciate you. So listen, this has been a special StarTalk Live Radio with Bill Nye, my name is Chuck Nice, thank you for being with us, I wanna let you know that if you wanna know about the film, please go to BillNyeFilm.com.

• 47:14Bill Nye?

  Right on Chuck.

• 47:15Chuck Nice?

  And uh, also wanna let you know that everything that you would like to find about StarTalk Radio, whether it is StarTalk, StarTalk Playing With Science, which is a sports and science mashup show, or um, StarTalk All-Stars can be found at StarTalkAllAccess.com. And uh, I am going to say goodbye, but I'm gonna let Bill Nye have the final word.

• 47:38Bill Nye?

  Uh, thanks for listening to StarTalk, you all, working together, we can embrace the process of science, reach a common understanding, and dare I say it? Save the world! Oh, we have 30 seconds! Wow! Uh, the way Chuck introduced that, I thought we were out of time. But everybody, thanks for listening. Check out the film. I had no creative control. Uh, check out, uh, uh, the Netflix show, Bill Nye Saves the World. We made 12 more. Do you know why we made 12? Why? I don't know. That's what Netflix is numbered. There you go. But they should start before the holidays and you should watch them the, the rest of your life. It'll be fantastic. Thank you for listening.