Behind the Scenes Minis: Mary, Beulah, Baby Alive

Tracy shares a story of looking for an article in the wrong historical journal. Holly reads a section of the U. S. flag code, and waxes rhapsodic about toys. See omnystudio.com/listener https://omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Speaker names marked ? are inferred from speaking time and the show’s known hosts — they are not voice-verified.

• 0:00Speaker 00

  This is an iHeart Podcast. Guaranteed Human.

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• 0:42Tracy V. Wilson?

  You ever show up late to the game and your friends already saved your seat, your drink, even a plate? That's looking out. That's having your back. And that's exactly what AT&T does with the AT&T Guarantee. They know staying connected matters, so they actually guarantee a network that comes through when it counts. AT&T has connectivity you can depend on, or they'll proactively make it right, just like that friend who takes care of things before you even ask. AT&T: Connecting Changes Everything. Terms and conditions apply. Visit att.com/guarantee for details.

• 1:15Holly Frey?

  We've all tumbled down an internet rabbit hole trying to self-diagnose, and it leaves us more anxious than informed. Our feeds are full of wellness trends, but how do we know what's real, what's exaggerated, and what's just wrong? Health vs. Hype from the American Medical Association breaks it all down. Emmy-nominated science communicator Trace Dominguez talks to doctors, influencers, and real people trying these trends, not to cancel them, but to understand them. Because when it comes to your health, who you listen to matters. So listen to Health vs. Hype wherever you get your podcasts.

• 1:47Tracy V. Wilson?

  The Old Gays are back with Silver Linings, their lovable podcast from iHeart's Ruby Studio in partnership with Vive Healthcare. Robert, Mick, Bill, and Jessa strut back down memory lane for season two, sharing lessons on life, love, and loss. These are the kind of insights that only come from experience. So tune into Silver Linings with The Old Gays on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 2:15Holly Frey?

  Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class, a production of iHeart Radio.

• 2:26Tracy V. Wilson?

  Hello and happy Friday. I'm Tracy V. Wilson.

• 2:28Holly Frey?

  And I'm Holly Frey.

• 2:30Tracy V. Wilson?

  This week on the show, we took another look at Mary Malin, which was a much shorter episode very long ago in the past on the show. In particular, I was trying to figure out what to talk about next, and I was having a hard time. I know you do this also, Holly. Sometimes I will look at and discard just a series of topics.

• 2:53Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 2:53Tracy V. Wilson?

  Because they are too similar to something we just did, or I don't have the resources right now, or I'm just not feeling interested in that topic. And my, my mind went on a little digression about what it must have been like for the earlier hosts of the show who did not have thousands of episodes in the back catalog already done.

• 3:21Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 3:21Tracy V. Wilson?

  And then I went, wait a minute, we talked about revisiting some of those very, very long ago episodes. Let me go have a look. So I immediately said, okay, Typhoid Mary seems very relevant to right now for a number of reasons.

• 3:36Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 3:37Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right, I mean, among them being the ongoing food safety situation we're having in the United States with different produce having parasite problems. And then also the weird collective revisiting of the early years of COVID and people freaking out and acting like we were all ordered into our homes at gunpoint, which is not what happened.

• 4:06Holly Frey?

  Correct. Oh, I'm irate about some of that.

• 4:10Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah, me too, me too. I will say that I didn't fully understand some of the discussion around Mary Malin and how she did return to cooking, how it seems like she may not have fully understood or believed what it meant to be a typhoid carrier. But then I lived through the early years of the COVID pandemic and also now.

• 4:37Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 4:38Tracy V. Wilson?

  Where people will just steadfastly believe things that are demonstrably false.

• 4:44Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 4:45Tracy V. Wilson?

  And I was like, okay.

• 4:48Holly Frey?

  I get it.

• 4:49Tracy V. Wilson?

  I don't like it, but I get it now.

• 4:51Holly Frey?

  Yeah. Yeah.

• 4:53Tracy V. Wilson?

  I had a weird realization while working on this. I went down a very long rabbit hole looking for something that had been printed in the New York Medical Journal. And what I was looking at was the New York State Journal of Medicine. And I had just thought that the New York Medical Journal was what people were colloquially calling that one.

• 5:14Holly Frey?

  Gotcha.

• 5:14Tracy V. Wilson?

  Nope, they are two different things. So I had been trying to find this particular article.

• 5:22Tracy V. Wilson?

  I was looking at scans of medical journals, and I was like, I don't understand. This is saying that it's on page 610, but all of these scans are ending on page 520 something. Why? And at first, I thought maybe everyone was working from the same scan, like the same scan of a big volume of journals.

• 5:41Holly Frey?

  Oh, right.

• 5:41Tracy V. Wilson?

  Uploaded, and it just was missing the final issue or something. And then I went, wait, it's me. I am looking in the literal wrong place.

• 5:54Holly Frey?

  I've been there, I've been there, no judgment at all.

• 5:58Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah. Random side note, I was vaccinated for typhoid before we went to Morocco because Morocco, compared to other places, not a big risk.

• 6:08Holly Frey?

  No.

• 6:08Tracy V. Wilson?

  For typhoid at this point. But it is still a recommended vaccine for travelers going to essentially anywhere in, in Africa, I think, the whole continent. So that was just a random, curious aside. I have a couple of years of protection of typhoid. The outbreak at the, at the maternity hospital. Which is obviously unfortunate.

• 6:33Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 6:34Tracy V. Wilson?

  It's unfortunate that that happened. It is unfortunate that Mary Malin seems to have been in a situation where she was like, I have to earn a living. I don't know what you want me to do.

• 6:43Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 6:44Tracy V. Wilson?

  That led to questions about vaccine efficacy, because the typhoid vaccine had been created by that point. A significant number of people on staff at the hospital were vaccinated. So I read a whole paper that looked at the prevalence just among the staff, because that was easier to isolate than like whether the patients had eaten any of the same food.

• 7:10Holly Frey?

  Right.

• 7:11Tracy V. Wilson?

  It was clear which staff had eaten what. There were seven cases of typhoid among 44 people who had been vaccinated, or 15.9%. And then six cases among 30 people who were unvaccinated, which is about 20%. So the rate was lower in vaccinated people, but not by that much.

• 7:34Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 7:35Tracy V. Wilson?

  Some complicating factors were that some people had only been partially vaccinated.

• 7:40Holly Frey?

  Gotcha.

• 7:40Tracy V. Wilson?

  Some people had been vaccinated right when that vaccine first came out, so some years had passed and probably their protection had waned. It does seem like the fatality rate was a whole lot lower than it would have been if everyone was unvaccinated. And then the paper that looked at this also looked at several other typhoid outbreaks in which there were vaccinated people who were exposed. And those other outbreaks, the results had been way more consistently the vaccine prevented. There would be zero or one vaccinated person. So I originally had this whole thing, that whole explanation in the part that was discussing

• 8:24Tracy V. Wilson?

  the outbreak at the hospital. And I realized that it, the episode was getting a little long, and it wasn't directly relevant to what we were talking about, but I did find it interesting.

• 8:34Holly Frey?

  Yeah. I do think that the speed with which kind of public opinion turned on her

• 8:44Holly Frey?

  was not just that she went back to work as a cook. It was that it all went down at a maternity hospital.

• 8:50Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 8:51Holly Frey?

  Specifically, like that's.

• 8:52Tracy V. Wilson?

  And it was also the news coverage of that became incredibly critical.

• 8:57Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 8:58Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah. And had been much more sympathetic to her previously before that. The fact that it was a maternity hospital in particular, obviously not good.

• 9:10Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 9:12Tracy V. Wilson?

  One of the people who died in that outbreak was a staff member who had only been partially vaccinated, and the other was a much older person, so they would have been at a higher risk. But still, going to work at a hospital was just a particular, that added a layer to it for sure.

• 9:30Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 9:30Tracy V. Wilson?

  And I don't know why they were calling her Typhoid Mary at the hospital. Like, had people connected this outbreak to her? Did they just not like her? Did they think that she was not clean enough? Like, I don't know what.

• 9:45Holly Frey?

  Did it start as a weird joke? Because that was a moniker that was floating around at the time?

• 9:51Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 9:52Holly Frey?

  That's kooky.

• 9:53Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah, I don't know the answer. You wanted to talk about gall bladders.

• 9:58Holly Frey?

  I do. Before that, I'm going to talk about something else, just that it's funny, which is that you had told me you were working on this episode. And then like a few days ago, out of nowhere, my beloved was watching some video that had come across social media that was talking about specifically the peach ice cream dessert.

• 10:18Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, yeah.

• 10:19Holly Frey?

  And he was like, is this real? Is this real information? And I was like, yeah, dude.

• 10:23Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yep, yep.

• 10:26Holly Frey?

  It was just very funny. I was like, I get you, universe. I know we're talking about it. It's coming. It's fine. Gallbladders.

• 10:32Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yes.

• 10:34Holly Frey?

  Here is the part where I'm like, no. Um, obviously, like, we know, taking out her gallbladder would not have helped her.

• 10:44Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right.

• 10:45Holly Frey?

  But like, in that rumor that went around, because that's all I'm willing to call it, that she had had this autopsy and that her gallbladder was full of gallstones that had, they were just, you know, riddled with typhoid. No, because let me tell you what happens when you have gallstones.

• 11:05Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right.

• 11:07Holly Frey?

  Standing up is hard. Like, everything hurts so bad. I have never had a child, but I have had friends that have given birth and had gallstones tell me they thought gallstones were worse.

• 11:19Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right.

• 11:20Holly Frey?

  I don't know if that's accurate, and I'm sure it differs from person to person, but it was one of the most horrific pains I have ever experienced. Like,

• 11:27Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 11:29Holly Frey?

  doubled over, can't, like, gasping for breath. So the idea that she was just toodling around about her life, doing her regular jobs and whatnot, and nobody was like, wow, Mary really is like, struggling. She seems to be in a lot of pain. Like, the reason we even found out that I had them was because I was having weird, I mean, I was having like, chest pains and I had done a telemedicine thing because it was the middle of the night and the doctor was like, hey, I don't want to scare you, but you're of a certain age, you carry some extra weight. We want to make sure you're not having a heart attack. Please go to the ER right now.

• 12:03Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 12:03Holly Frey?

  And when I went, you know, those are all the words you need to say. I didn't even have my paperwork filled out and the EKG was on me. I think I've said that before, but it was because that one of the ER nurses was like, cool, your heart's fine, but you are white knuckling that bed so hard, I think you're going to break the frames. Clearly, something's wrong. I mean, that's like, the level of pain. So the fact that she, per this rumor, was just toodling around with a gallbladder full of gallstones, because you, you pass them. That's what happens. They don't just build up in there forever.

• 12:31Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 12:32Holly Frey?

  They move through the valve from your gallbladder into your stomach, and that's where it hurts so bad. So that's just like, there, anybody that has ever had a gallstone knows that that's baloney.

• 12:43Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah, yeah. I do, my, my limited, not in any way a doctor, understanding is that the gallbladder is one of the places that the bacteria can continue to linger. But not the only place. And removing the gallbladder, like, does not deal with that issue. Like, it was a thing that they tried in the twenties that was clearly not working. And then today, people, for the most part, can get a longer course of antibiotics to, like, clear out the bacteria that, and most people.

• 13:20Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 13:21Tracy V. Wilson?

  A regular course of antibiotics deals with.

• 13:23Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 13:24Tracy V. Wilson?

  But yeah, the, the autopsy gallstone part, yeah, that just sounds made up to me.

• 13:32Holly Frey?

  Unless she was really good at hiding pain, which I,

• 13:36Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 13:39Speaker 02

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• 13:42Speaker 01

  Samantha, you know, I watch a lot of YouTube. I watch a lot of it for fun, but I also watch a lot of it for research, for this show. And I also put on a lot of stuff in the background, videos in background to set mood. I find it very relaxing, or sometimes kind of hype, you know? If you're looking to get ready to go out.

• 14:02Speaker 02

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• 14:21Speaker 01

  Yes. A YouTube Premium subscription gives you access to exclusive YouTube features and benefits, including but not limited to being ad-free, so uninterrupted videos, background play, so that lets you keep listening with your screen locked, and offline downloads, so you can download your videos to watch anywhere.

• 14:39Speaker 02

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• 14:46Speaker 05

  First thought is like, wow, how are we going to do all this?

• 14:48Tracy V. Wilson?

  Hey, everybody, it's Tracy from Stuff You Missed in History Class. That's Alan Goya, a planning engineer at AT&T. He's talking about Intuit Dome, home of the Los Angeles Clippers, where every seat, screen, phone, and transaction is connected with AT&T Fiber and 5G, defining the fan's experience. And Alan's master plan made it all possible.

• 15:09Speaker 05

  It was going to rival anything that was already built, and that takes quite a bit of people and different teams to all be on the same page.

• 15:17Tracy V. Wilson?

  That includes Field Services Manager Drexel Jones. His team made sure it all came together and held up on game day.

• 15:23Speaker 06

  Through what Alan's whole crew designed, we connected the event visitors to the world.

• 15:29Tracy V. Wilson?

  And after years of hard work and collaboration, it was opening night.

• 15:33Speaker 06

  To actually see the whole stadium light up and data's flowing is a beautiful thing.

• 15:37Speaker 05

  With the fan's experience, it's incredible. It gave me a lot of pride.

• 15:40Tracy V. Wilson?

  AT&T, connecting fans to what they love.

• 15:43Speaker 02

  Connecting changes everything. AT&T.

• 15:47Tracy V. Wilson?

  So, you're considering getting a home security system, but you want something that fits your space. Well, with ADT Blue, it's easy to customize a system that's right for you and set it up yourself. Just pick the kit and monitoring plan that makes sense for your home. Let's say you're worried about package theft. The ADT Plus app can walk you through setting up a new doorbell camera kit. Once it's installed, ADT Pros can help you keep tabs on it 24/7, or you can manage it yourself from the ADT Plus app. There are no long-term contracts, so you can change your monitoring plan whenever you want. The flexibility doesn't end there. You can add to your system as you need to with things like extra cameras or motion sensors.

• 16:26Tracy V. Wilson?

  Some life decisions are hard, but thanks to ADT Blue, you can DIY trusted ADT home security in a snap. Head to ADT.com/BLU to build your system today. And to hear more about home protection and other grown-up topics, check out new episodes of Grown Up Stuff on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 16:52Speaker 07

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• 17:08Speaker 06

  Zepbound is a prescription medicine used with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity to help adults with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, OSA, and obesity to improve their OSA. Zepbound is approved as a 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, or 15-milligram injection. Zepbound contains trisepotide and should not be used with other trisepotide-containing products or any GLP-1 receptor agonist medicines. It is not known if Zepbound is safe and effective for use in children. Don't share needles or pens, or reuse needles. Don't take if allergic to it, or if you or someone in your family had medullary thyroid cancer, or if you've had multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2. Tell your doctor if you get a lump or swelling in your neck.

• 17:49Speaker 06

  Stop Zepbound and call your doctor if you have severe stomach pain or a serious allergic reaction. Severe side effects may include inflamed pancreas or gallbladder problems. Tell your doctor if you experience vision changes before scheduled procedures with anesthesia, if you're nursing, pregnant, plant-to-be, or taking birth control pills. Taking Zepbound with a sulphonal urea or insulin may cause low blood sugar. Side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, which can cause dehydration and worsen kidney problems.

• 18:16Speaker 07

  Talk to your doctor. Call 1-800-545-5979, or visit zepbound.lily.com.

• 18:29Holly Frey?

  Also, can we just talk about, here's what struck me, and this may just be my own hangups about such things. I don't care what setting it is that you're in. I don't care how clinical it is. I don't care how careful and kind the staff are. If you are not just incarcerated, but incarcerated, and basically, your job is essentially to give stool samples and urine samples all the time, that is inherently so demeaning.

• 19:01Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah, yeah.

• 19:02Holly Frey?

  In ways that like, I just, I could see her fighting with them about it out of the gate, being like, you want me to give you what?

• 19:09Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 19:10Holly Frey?

  Again, at a time when like, we had different, I mean, some people still do. You know, there's just a different thinking about personal, you know, bodily functions and like,

• 19:24Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right.

• 19:24Holly Frey?

  how completely rude it would seem for someone to basically like, come to the place you live and say, hey, I need a stool sample.

• 19:34Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 19:35Holly Frey?

  What? No.

• 19:36Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 19:37Holly Frey?

  I understand her fury, 100%.

• 19:41Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right.

• 19:42Holly Frey?

  I'm surprised she didn't bite anybody. I probably would have.

• 19:45Tracy V. Wilson?

  She might have.

• 19:46Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 19:47Tracy V. Wilson?

  So there are a couple of books about this, neither of which I have fully read. I did sort of skim through Judith Welser Levitt's Typhoid Mary: Captive to Public Health, which is a really interesting book in how it looks at this, because it's not like, it's not a biography of her. It's not a chronology of the case. It's more like each chapter looks at Typhoid Mary's story, like, that mythology and her as a person through different lenses. So like, we're looking at Mary Mallon through the lens of public health, through the lens of gender and her class and all of that kind of stuff.

• 20:32Tracy V. Wilson?

  So like, that was really a very interesting way to explore that to me, which is something that I just sort of flipped through briefly. The other is a book that I have not read at all in any way, but it's by Anthony Bourdain.

• 20:47Holly Frey?

  Oh, yeah.

• 20:48Tracy V. Wilson?

  Which I, it just did not really occur to me that that was a topic that Anthony Bourdain would have taken on. And as I understand it, his approach was sort of just looking at her as a cook. That, and that was mostly the thing that I think attracted him to the story. And I read a couple of reviews of it, and it was sort of characterized as being one of the most humanizing accounts.

• 21:17Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 21:17Tracy V. Wilson?

  Even to the point of being sympathetic to her in contexts where people don't have a lot of sympathy.

• 21:24Holly Frey?

  Yeah.

• 21:25Tracy V. Wilson?

  Which doesn't surprise me at all, given. What I know of Anthony Bourdain. So those are a couple of books that exist. If people want more.

• 21:34Holly Frey?

  I feel like I was so slow to come around on Anthony Bourdain.

• 21:38Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, yeah.

• 21:39Holly Frey?

  Yes. I'm almost scared to say what I'm about to say. Don't come for me.

• 21:43Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, okay.

• 21:44Holly Frey?

  I have always been on the struggle bus when it comes to chef culture.

• 21:52Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, sure.

• 21:53Holly Frey?

  And he kind of was in his earlier career, a problematic part of that. Right? That there's this idea, like when I read Kitchen Confidential, I just remember thinking like, this is bananas. And also, like, I did not like that sort of hyper aggressive. There's a phrase, I call it, that I can't say on this show, just like, super, very machismo, kind of like, not just being a leader, but being a jerk leader.

• 22:26Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 22:27Holly Frey?

  That was part of the package of being a chef in a high-end restaurant. And I actually understand how we got there, right? Because it is high pressure, especially if you're at like a fine dining establishment. And I just, like, when I see that, when I've seen that on television shows, I hate it. It makes food taste like poison to me. I don't care how delicious it is. I don't like any of that stuff.

• 22:48Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 22:49Holly Frey?

  And so, you know, when he sort of, as he got older and, and we were seeing different sides of him, and he was doing more of his really amazing work that he did for the, the majority of his career, at least his career in the wider public eye, like, I, I mean, I, like everybody else, just fell in love with him. So I have that Typhoid Mary book, and I have only read maybe 10 pages of it. Just to think up, you know, it came at a time when I was busy and then I never

• 23:15Tracy V. Wilson?

  Sure.

• 23:16Holly Frey?

  cycled back to it. But now I want to read it, because, because I like him heaps. And I, that was part of what drew me to purchasing it when it came out was like, this idea of he understands her position in a way very few people can. And he, he did, you know, have such a capability to sort of see people where they were at.

• 23:40Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah, there was an empathy.

• 23:41Holly Frey?

  Yeah, which, so that'll be the Stuff You Missed in History Class Book Club of one.

• 23:51Tracy V. Wilson?

  I feel like people are going to immediately be like, what if there was a Stuff You Missed in History Class Book Club? And I'm just gonna say, I do not have time for a book club.

• 24:01Holly Frey?

  Love the idea, don't have time for it.

• 24:02Tracy V. Wilson?

  What a beautiful idea. There's too much to do.

• 24:04Holly Frey?

  Sorry I said that.

• 24:07Holly Frey?

  I love chefs. Please don't think I don't like chefs. I just don't like that side of chef culture.

• 24:11Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 24:12Holly Frey?

  That I think is getting better all the time. But for a while, when chef culture really came into the public eye via a lot of reality TV, it was not nice and it was not cool. I, I know many chefs who are wonderful and amazing. Please don't think I'm saying that all chefs are like that.

• 24:26Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 24:26Holly Frey?

  But I don't like that yucky.

• 24:28Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 24:29Holly Frey?

  I want my food to be kissed into existence.

• 24:33Holly Frey?

  I want it all to be like Ratatouille. I don't, ah, yeah. Not even. There's a lot of bossy chef action in Ratatouille, too, but we can't all be afraid of linguine.

• 24:42Tracy V. Wilson?

  No.

• 24:45Speaker 06

  So YouTube Premium, it takes something you already love, that being YouTube, and it makes it even better. Not just the experience, but the content, the creators. The feeling of finding exactly what you're into for every mood, every moment of your day. Premium transforms that experience into a more supercharged, enhanced way to enjoy YouTube. Yeah, folks, a YouTube Premium experience gives you access to exclusive YouTube features and benefits. And these are real game changers for us. Oh, yeah, that includes, but it's not limited to, ad-free viewing of YouTube. Imagine no more ads popping up in the middle of videos or at the end of videos, uninterrupted videos. And now think about this. Let's say you're using YouTube on the go.

• 25:30Speaker 06

  You're exercising, you're washing dishes, you can have YouTube playing in the background with Premium, which means you can keep listening while your screen is locked. Also, you can download videos offline, so you don't even need Wi-Fi connection to watch your stuff. I love this on plane flights. Ben, how have you been using YouTube Premium? Oh, man. Well, Matt, you know, I like to take a night walk and YouTube Premium is perfect for this because of the background play. So I can pull up a documentary about the neighborhood I'm walking around in, put the phone in my pocket and still hear everything perfectly. Amazing. So don't delay. Sign up now for your free trial. Terms and conditions apply.

• 26:11Speaker 07

  Snoring, gasping for air during sleep, daytime sleepiness? I'm Shaquille O'Neal and this shouldn't be anybody's experience. Ask your doctor about Zepbound Trisepotide, the first and only FDA-approved prescription medicine for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.

• 26:27Speaker 06

  Zepbound is a prescription medicine used with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity to help adults with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, OSA, and obesity to improve their OSA. Zepbound is approved as a 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, or 15-milligram injection. Zepbound contains trisepotide and should not be used with other trisepotide-containing products or any GLP-1 receptor agonist medicines. It is not known if Zepbound is safe and effective for use in children. Don't share needles or pens, or reuse needles. Don't take a allergic to it, or if you or someone in your family had medullary thyroid cancer, or if you've had multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2. Tell your doctor if you get a lump or swelling in your neck. Stop Zepbound and call your doctor if you have severe stomach pain or a serious allergic reaction.

• 27:12Speaker 06

  Severe side effects may include inflamed pancreas or gallbladder problems. Tell your doctor if you experience vision changes before scheduled procedures with anesthesia, if you're nursing, pregnant, plant-to-be, or taking birth control pills. Taking Zepbound with a sulfonylurea or insulin may cause low blood sugar. Side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, which can cause dehydration and worsen kidney problems.

• 27:34Speaker 07

  Talk to your doctor. Call 1-800-545-5979, or visit zepbound.lily.com.

• 27:42Holly Frey?

  We've all done it. Tumble down an internet rabbit hole trying to self-diagnose. And sometimes doing our own research can leave us more anxious than informed. Your feed is packed with wellness trends telling you to cold plunge, protein max, detox, track your sleep. But what's actually real? What's exaggerated? What's just wrong? That's exactly what Health vs. Hype from the American Medical Association and iHeartMedia's Ruby Studio is here to find out. Each episode, Emmy-nominated science communicator Trace Dominguez, who's racked up billions of views across PBS, Discovery Channel, and YouTube, talks to doctors, influencers, and real people trying these trends.

• 28:24Holly Frey?

  Not to cancel them, not to hype them more, but to actually understand them. Because when it comes to your health, who you listen to matters. Start asking better questions and listen to Health vs. Hype on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 28:45Tracy V. Wilson?

  Guess who's back in the house? The old gays return for season two of Silver Linings, their hit podcast from iHeart's Ruby Studio in partnership with ViiV Healthcare. Just wait until you hear what hosts Robert McMillan and Jessa have in store this time around. They strut back down memory lane, navigating life, love, loss, and everything that shaped them along the way. And as usual, someone just might break into song. From leather bars to bathhouses, dance floors to drag brunch, nothing stays off limits. These are the kinds of insights that can only come from experience. So listen to your elders, honey, and discover the silver linings you can take with you. All sass, zero filter, and decades of perspective from four friends

• 29:29Tracy V. Wilson?

  proving that queer joy only gets better with age on the podcast that never gets old. Listen to Silver Linings, available on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 29:50Holly Frey?

  We talked about Beulah Henry this week.

• 29:52Tracy V. Wilson?

  That we did.

• 29:54Holly Frey?

  I love the name Beulah, and I don't know why, I just do.

• 29:56Tracy V. Wilson?

  It's a good name.

• 29:57Holly Frey?

  It's just one of those names I love.

• 30:00Holly Frey?

  I just love it. I said that we would talk about flag code and we're gonna.

• 30:04Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, yeah, let's do. I have feelings.

• 30:07Holly Frey?

  Yeah, I mean, one of them is actually, though, kind of lovely, which is that, you know, her, we mentioned that Beulah's first invention, and we're using that word loosely, her first idea for an invention came when she was six years old because she saw a flag graze the ground as it was being taken down from the flagpole. And I will just say, according to the American Legion, like, we were always taught, probably you, I know I certainly was, as kids, like, if the flag touches the ground, you gotta burn it. It has to be destroyed.

• 30:36Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 30:36Holly Frey?

  The American Legion says not so.

• 30:38Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 30:39Holly Frey?

  They're like, no, unless it is soiled or damaged, you can wash it. It's fine.

• 30:45Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah. I also, when I was a child, had heard slash been told, if the flag touches the ground, you have to burn it. But then I had also heard that that was not true. What does kind of drive me up a wall is the combination of overly, over the top patriotism combined with articles of clothing and whatnot that straightforwardly are in defiance of the flag code.

• 31:23Holly Frey?

  Yes. I mean, I have the flag code here ready if you would like to hear it.

• 31:28Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, I would love it.

• 31:29Holly Frey?

  Section D states, "The flag should never be used as wearing apparel, bedding, or drapery. It should never be festooned, drawn back nor up in folds, but always allowed to fall free. Bunting of blue, white, and red, always arranged with the blue above, the white in the middle, and the red below, should be used for covering a speaker's desk, draping the front of a platform, and for decoration in general. The flag should never be used for advertising purposes in any manner whatsoever." Can think of a lot of businesses that are falling afoul of this one. It should not be embroidered on such articles as cushions or handkerchiefs and the like, printed or otherwise impressed on paper napkins or boxes or anything that is designed for temporary use and discard.

• 32:14Holly Frey?

  No part of the flag should ever be used as a costume or athletic uniform. We have a lot of problems. And this is kind of my thing, right? People get really wadded up about how a flag should be treated, but we've been discarding the flag code forever.

• 32:29Tracy V. Wilson?

  I'm getting ready to work on an episode that's probably gonna happen, that one of the things that we're gonna talk about is how it is a constitutional right not to salute the flag when you're in school. So I feel a little weird defending the idea of treating the flag respectfully. But it annoys me when people have garments that are basically, like, they're just gonna sit on the flag all day.

• 32:56Holly Frey?

  Yeah, it's weird. The other thing that was interesting in the American Legion article about it is that, I mean, the flag code does say if a flag is damaged or, you know, soiled beyond use, that it should be destroyed. And it does recommend burning as like a primary option, but everybody recognizes, particularly today, the flags are not always made of things that should be burned.

• 33:23Tracy V. Wilson?

  That's true.

• 33:24Holly Frey?

  That will release gross things into the air if you try to burn them, or they will just melt and create a hazard. So you don't have to do that. They're like, just dispose of it in a respectful manner. That's all they want.

• 33:34Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 33:35Holly Frey?

  There was a note in the EBSCO write-up about Beulah that said she had a brother who was a songwriter, but I don't know anything about that, but I find it fascinating. Their family sounds very interesting. One thing that came up a lot, and I couldn't find anything that really substantiated it, or like, talked about it from the point of view of like, a personal letter or anything that would give it gravity, was that her parents were really supportive of her being an inventor, which is unique, you know, at a time when most girls were kind of brought up with the idea that they should be nice young ladies who then get married and become wives and mothers. I mean, they were willing to move to New York with her so that she could follow her dream, which is pretty terrific.

• 34:15Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 34:16Holly Frey?

  There is a story about her that I didn't put in it because I love the story, but I couldn't, it was written about as in like, a third-hand account, and I couldn't find the newspaper article that it was referring to.

• 34:30Tracy V. Wilson?

  Okay.

• 34:31Holly Frey?

  Which is that, as Beulah got famous, she was often asked to give talks, like, to come and speak to various groups.

• 34:38Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 34:39Holly Frey?

  And allegedly, during one of these talks, she just kind of stopped talking and started scribbling on a notepad that she had at the podium. And then she was like, "I'm so sorry, I just had, I just thought of the solution to a problem of a, an invention that I've been working on, and I just had to get it down." And I, to this day, I don't know if this evidences what a naturally suspicious person I am, that I'm like, "Beulah, what's that for show?"

• 35:07Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 35:09Holly Frey?

  Or maybe that really was what was going on with her.

• 35:12Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 35:13Holly Frey?

  I mean, I wanna have grace and not discount people in what they say they are experiencing or doing, but I was just like, "Beulah," because there are a few things that made me go, "Beulah."

• 35:25Tracy V. Wilson?

  Parts of her story also remind me of other inventors that we've talked about on the show and not. Many, many years ago, I think I was at a job fair. I'm pretty sure it was a job fair, but there was a speaker at the job fair, and the speaker was the founder of Spanx. And she told the story of how she invented Spanx, specifically the footless pantyhose. And it was so similar in the, "I want to make footless pantyhose." And speaking to, like, the men at the factory who would need to figure out how to make

• 36:07Tracy V. Wilson?

  this work. And she clearly not having any concept of what it would take to make pantyhose and also to make them footless, and having kind of a similar encounter with the people who were gonna have to figure out how to make it, make it work. And that reminded me of, I was reminded of that in some of the stories of, of Beulah trying to work things out with the fabricators.

• 36:33Holly Frey?

  I made a weird face while you were telling that story because I think, I don't know, she still does, but I'm pretty sure this founder of Spanx lived here in Atlanta.

• 36:42Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 36:42Holly Frey?

  And she gave a lot of talks. And I think, I think I heard her tell that story at one point.

• 36:48Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah. Uh, this was at a job fair in Atlanta. If a job fair is where it happened, it was definitely in Atlanta.

• 36:54Holly Frey?

  Yeah, I mean, listen, I do get the idea of, like, "I'm just gonna make it myself if you don't think it can happen." And a lot of times, that is how innovation comes about. But it is also very funny to me. And I also have weird feelings about the whole, like, Beulah is an inventor.

• 37:13Holly Frey?

  She's not not an inventor, but she's more of like, of an envisioner.

• 37:18Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh, right. Yeah.

• 37:19Holly Frey?

  Because so many other people really had to step in and be like, "Okay, you have this concept."

• 37:24Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 37:25Holly Frey?

  Like, if it were something artistic, I would call her an art director rather than an artist. You know what I mean? But I don't, I don't, I don't know. She had a lot of patents. Um, and she did maintain very long relationships with the people that she worked with. So clearly, they were happy working for her. It seemed like they would also sometimes be included in write-ups with the press, and they would always give really lovely quotes about working with her. I mean, granted, you can't always trust those, but like, one, one of the men that worked with her for like, more than 15 years, had said, like, he just loved it because she would just show up and be like, "Here's what I need." And he would be like, "I don't know, but okay, let's try it," and how that was like, actually kind of a fun

• 38:10Holly Frey?

  kind of job to have. Um, I have a sad part of her story.

• 38:14Tracy V. Wilson?

  Uh-oh.

• 38:15Holly Frey?

  That I didn't put in the episode because it's not really important, but it just touched my heart. Hopefully, I won't cry. But when we were talking about her pets, and you said, "That's probably not great with birds," she didn't have pets all at the same time.

• 38:30Tracy V. Wilson?

  Okay.

• 38:30Holly Frey?

  And one of the reasons, to the best of my knowledge, she only ever had one cat.

• 38:36Holly Frey?

  But she loved that cat so deeply. Her cat's name was Chickadee, and when Chickadee died, she described to a reporter that she was in such a state of grief that she went into, like, a fugue state, and she just got on a bus and didn't really know what happened, and kind of came to in Kansas City.

• 38:55Tracy V. Wilson?

  Wow.

• 38:57Holly Frey?

  That she had just been so stricken with grief over her, her fluffy baby, that she couldn't, she just didn't function for a while. And who knows, she surely had a bus transfer at some point, but like, she was not there. She kind of checked out for a little while and then presumably got home. The story ends at, I, you know, realized I was in Kansas City, so I'm assuming. Again, she was a woman with cash, so she could easily have been like, "I will pay for ways to get home." But it's very sweet and it's very sad. But I don't think, my point was that I don't think she actually had cats at the same time she had the birds. I think the birds came later. But it's sort of a sweet story.

• 39:37Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 39:38Holly Frey?

  Beulah, thank you for the chain stitch machine. I said we would talk about the change stitch, the chain stitch machine, because lately, I have seen chain stitch embroidery machines popping up everywhere in my social media feed. Like, do you remember after the NBA Finals, did you see ever, there was a guy that had a handheld chain stitch machine, and he was going out, you know, in the streets of New York where everybody was partying, and he would chain stitch, like, onto their regalia, like, there in the street, like, he would customize it for them.

• 40:12Tracy V. Wilson?

  Oh.

• 40:12Holly Frey?

  And it's just a cool thing, and it's something a lot of chain stitch embroidery specialists have done in many cases. Like, I've seen them do stuff like that at ren fairs, et cetera.

• 40:21Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 40:22Holly Frey?

  But I just loved it, and they have been in my feed a lot lately, because I'm sure I've engaged with every chain stitch embroidery machine post, and so they just keep feeding me more.

• 40:31Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 40:31Holly Frey?

  "Great, bring it on. Thank you, algorithm." But I just love it. And I, now, when I think about it, I'm like, "Oh, this is kind of Beulah's legacy, isn't it?"

• 40:38Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 40:39Holly Frey?

  "People can do these cool things." The other thing that I thought about while working on this, and I did not indulge myself, was the toy that I never got but wanted desperately as a kid.

• 40:50Tracy V. Wilson?

  Okay.

• 40:51Holly Frey?

  Which now, I'm like, "What a gross toy. Why would I want that? I might as well have udders and dispense milk." Baby Alive. Did you have a baby alive?

• 40:59Tracy V. Wilson?

  I don't think I had a baby alive. I remember the, the ads for them, and-

• 41:04Holly Frey?

  I wanted a baby alive so bad.

• 41:06Tracy V. Wilson?

  The part that was about the plush toys with springs in them, that was my first thought, was that they would be kind of wiggly. Not that they would be posable and spring back to their original position.

• 41:19Holly Frey?

  Yeah. Well, Baby Alive, as you may or may not recall, you would feed, and then you would have to change Baby Alive's diaper.

• 41:28Tracy V. Wilson?

  Mm-hmm.

• 41:29Holly Frey?

  Because it would use the bathroom.

• 41:31Tracy V. Wilson?

  I think I'm thinking of a different doll. Was Baby Alive kind of wiggly, like sort of a gelatinous?

• 41:37Holly Frey?

  I don't remember it being so.

• 41:40Tracy V. Wilson?

  Okay.

• 41:40Holly Frey?

  Now I gotta look it up. I said I wasn't gonna, because my fear is that if I start looking it up, I'm gonna find one on some, you know,

• 41:49Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 41:49Holly Frey?

  vintage

• 41:50Tracy V. Wilson?

  Right.

• 41:50Holly Frey?

  doll thing, and I won't be able to resist it, even though I don't really want a Baby Alive. They still make Baby Alive? Oh, no. I thought she was a one-shot wonder. They still make Baby Alive.

• 42:05Holly Frey?

  And people apparently pack diaper bags for them. Oh, dear. Yeah, Baby Alive. Yeah, not wiggly.

• 42:11Tracy V. Wilson?

  Okay.

• 42:12Holly Frey?

  But she would go potty.

• 42:14Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 42:15Holly Frey?

  Why would I want that?

• 42:18Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah. I did have a doll that you could feed a bottle, and then there would be liquid. And I also had a doll with, where that was fake. It was that there was the liquid that would disappear into.

• 42:30Holly Frey?

  I had that one.

• 42:31Tracy V. Wilson?

  Um, and then there was a doll that I don't remember what the name of it was, that like, just the, the physical makeup of the doll made it so that it was kind of wobbly. And that was what I was imagining with the springs, until I got to the part of the paragraph that was like, so you could pose them and put them back.

• 42:52Holly Frey?

  Yeah, the first Baby Alive was 1973. Listen, it was made by Kenner, who got a lot of my money anyway, because hello, Star Wars action figures. And I'm pretty sure Kenner made the Strawberry Shortcake line, right?

• 43:09Tracy V. Wilson?

  I don't remember.

• 43:10Holly Frey?

  Boy, I bought a lot of that with my allowance. I loved, I loved, I lived for the Strawberry Shortcake Snail Cart.

• 43:18Tracy V. Wilson?

  Uh-huh.

• 43:19Holly Frey?

  Oh, maybe I need to find one of those. Baby Alive, get out of here. But Strawberry Shortcake Snail Cart. Surely I can find a use for that.

• 43:28Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 43:29Holly Frey?

  I'm trying not to buy as much superfluous stuff. Because my house is stuffed with superfluous stuff, and I really have been clearing out a lot. But I also still love nostalgia and I love toys. So, you know. But Kenner got so much money from me. They didn't need my Baby Alive dollars. They got it all in Greedo action figures. Oh, playsets. Oh.

• 43:53Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 43:54Holly Frey?

  Which we still have. This is the

• 43:56Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 43:56Holly Frey?

  best part of being an adult is that you can keep all your toys if you want. Play with them.

• 44:00Tracy V. Wilson?

  Yeah.

• 44:00Holly Frey?

  It's great. Uh, if you have time off this weekend and you have toys that you love, I hope you play with them.

• 44:06Tracy V. Wilson?

  Mm-hmm.

• 44:06Holly Frey?

  Take them out of the boxes, give them a kiss, take them on adventures. They can, you know, get as creative as you want. Although I was a very, um, I have always been a very creative person, but when it came to things like playtime, I was very rigid about like, not crossing the streams ever, you know? Characters from Tatooine would not show up on Hoth even. Like, I was very, very.

• 44:28Tracy V. Wilson?

  Mm-hmm.

• 44:28Holly Frey?

  Anyway, uh, however you play, I hope you have a blast and you can get crazy with it. I don't care if you take Baby Alive to Hoth. Do it if you want this weekend, if that's what makes you happy. Whatever makes you happy, I hope you get to do it. I hope that nobody bothers you while you're doing it, and you get to have a very relaxed time of it. Or if it's something you do with people, I hope it's wonderful and everybody helps bring each other joy. We all need more of it. We will be right back here on Monday with a brand new episode. We will also be back here tomorrow with a classic that you can listen to while you play with your toys.

• 45:08Tracy V. Wilson?

  Stuff You Missed in History Class is a production of iHeartRadio. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.

• 45:22Holly Frey?

  A rare disease diagnosis can change your life, but it doesn't have to define your future. In season seven of Untold Stories: Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition, host Martine Hackett continues the conversation with people living with MG, CIDP, and the broader rare disease community, exploring what comes after diagnosis through stories of hope, progress, and connection. Produced by Ruby Studio in partnership with Argenx. Listen on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

• 45:53Tracy V. Wilson?

  Whether you're calling the wise women in your life, video calling your girlfriends across the country, or checking in on someone who always knows how to make you smile, staying connected matters. Those small conversations, shared laughs, and quick hellos are what keep relationships strong even when life gets busy. Some of the most life-giving conversations start with just a phone call. That's why AT&T guarantees the network you can rely on, so you can focus on the moments and people that matter most. That's the AT&T Guarantee. AT&T, connecting changes everything. Terms and conditions apply. Visit att.com/guarantee for details.

• 46:28Speaker 07

  Snoring, gasping for air during sleep, daytime sleepiness? I'm Shaquille O'Neal, and this shouldn't be anybody's experience. Ask your doctor about Zepbound Trisepotide, the first and only FDA-approved prescription medicine for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.

• 46:44Speaker 06

  Zepbound is a prescription medicine used with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity to help adults with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, OSA, and obesity to improve their OSA. Zepbound is approved as a 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, or 15-milligram injection. Zepbound contains Trisepotide and should not be used with other Trisepotide-containing products or any GLP-1 receptor agonist medicines. It is not known if Zepbound is safe and effective for use in children. Don't share needles or pens, or reuse needles. Don't take off allergic to it, or if you or someone in your family had medullary thyroid cancer, or if you've had multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2. Tell your doctor if you get a lump or swelling in your neck. Stop Zepbound and call your doctor if you have severe stomach pain or a serious allergic reaction.

• 47:29Speaker 06

  Severe side effects may include inflamed pancreas or gallbladder problems. Tell your doctor if you experience vision changes before scheduled procedures with anesthesia, if you're nursing, pregnant, plant-to-be, or taking birth control pills. Taking Zepbound with a sulfonylurea or insulin may cause low blood sugar. Side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, which can cause dehydration and worsen kidney problems.

• 47:51Speaker 07

  Talk to your doctor. Call 1-800-545-5979, or visit zepbound.lily.com. Hola a todos. Soy Jamie Lynn Sigler. Cuando me diagnosticaron, tenía veintitantos años, y todo mi mundo cambió por completo. Pero con el tiempo decidí que no iba a permitir que eso frenara mi vida.

• 48:13Speaker 00

  Quise tomar las riendas, y después de hablar con mi médico sobre mis opciones, la elección para mí fue obvia. Boom! Eso es KISSIMTA. Obtenga más información sobre KISSIMTA o fotumab en kissimta.com. This is an iHeart Podcast. Guaranteed Human.